Pattern of congenital heart disease among Egyptian children: a 3-year retrospective study
Abstract Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a multifactorial birth defect which has variable demographic characteristics among children in different geographical areas. This study aimed to detect the distribution of demographic data, perinatal risk factors, types, age, and mode of presenta...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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SpringerOpen
2021-01-01
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| Series: | The Egyptian Heart Journal |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43044-021-00133-0 |
| _version_ | 1818461100274876416 |
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| author | Marwa Moustapha Al-Fahham Yasmin Abdelrazek Ali |
| author_facet | Marwa Moustapha Al-Fahham Yasmin Abdelrazek Ali |
| author_sort | Marwa Moustapha Al-Fahham |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a multifactorial birth defect which has variable demographic characteristics among children in different geographical areas. This study aimed to detect the distribution of demographic data, perinatal risk factors, types, age, and mode of presentation of CHD among Egyptian children. Results The medical records of 1005 patients were included. They were 545 males (54%) and 462 females (46%) with a ratio of 1.2:1. Acyanotic CHD was encountered in 79.2%. Isolated ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot were the most common acyanotic and cyanotic lesions, respectively. The majority was diagnosed within the first year of life (86.7%) and was born to young mothers (91.3%). The accidental discovery of a murmur was the most frequent presentation (35%). Heart failure was detected in 44%, audible murmurs in 74.4%, maternal illnesses in 54%, consanguinity in 44.6%, prematurity in 19.3%, assisted reproduction in 11.7%, family history of CHD in 9.2%, abortions in 7.1%, and extracardiac anomalies in 3.6% of the studied population. Down syndrome (DS) was the most commonly occurring chromosomal anomaly, and the atrioventricular septal defect was the most characteristic cardiac lesion found among them. Conclusions There is no sex predilection among Egyptian children with CHD. Most of the cases are diagnosed in early infancy. Accidental discovery of a murmur is the most common mode of presentation. A variety of predisposing risk factors are abundant in the Egyptian population. DS is the most common chromosomal anomaly linked to CHD. Establishment of a national medical birth registry containing all information about all births in Egypt is needed for adequate surveillance and monitoring of perinatal health problems and congenital birth defects so that preventive measures can be early implemented. Proper and detailed data collection should be fulfilled in the medical records of every single patient. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:40:46Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6764c9a528b4ec19c83833a330475c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2090-911X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T23:40:46Z |
| publishDate | 2021-01-01 |
| publisher | SpringerOpen |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Egyptian Heart Journal |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6764c9a528b4ec19c83833a330475c22022-12-21T22:43:32ZengSpringerOpenThe Egyptian Heart Journal2090-911X2021-01-017311810.1186/s43044-021-00133-0Pattern of congenital heart disease among Egyptian children: a 3-year retrospective studyMarwa Moustapha Al-Fahham0Yasmin Abdelrazek Ali1Pediatric Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityCardiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams UniversityAbstract Background Congenital heart disease (CHD) is a multifactorial birth defect which has variable demographic characteristics among children in different geographical areas. This study aimed to detect the distribution of demographic data, perinatal risk factors, types, age, and mode of presentation of CHD among Egyptian children. Results The medical records of 1005 patients were included. They were 545 males (54%) and 462 females (46%) with a ratio of 1.2:1. Acyanotic CHD was encountered in 79.2%. Isolated ventricular septal defect and tetralogy of Fallot were the most common acyanotic and cyanotic lesions, respectively. The majority was diagnosed within the first year of life (86.7%) and was born to young mothers (91.3%). The accidental discovery of a murmur was the most frequent presentation (35%). Heart failure was detected in 44%, audible murmurs in 74.4%, maternal illnesses in 54%, consanguinity in 44.6%, prematurity in 19.3%, assisted reproduction in 11.7%, family history of CHD in 9.2%, abortions in 7.1%, and extracardiac anomalies in 3.6% of the studied population. Down syndrome (DS) was the most commonly occurring chromosomal anomaly, and the atrioventricular septal defect was the most characteristic cardiac lesion found among them. Conclusions There is no sex predilection among Egyptian children with CHD. Most of the cases are diagnosed in early infancy. Accidental discovery of a murmur is the most common mode of presentation. A variety of predisposing risk factors are abundant in the Egyptian population. DS is the most common chromosomal anomaly linked to CHD. Establishment of a national medical birth registry containing all information about all births in Egypt is needed for adequate surveillance and monitoring of perinatal health problems and congenital birth defects so that preventive measures can be early implemented. Proper and detailed data collection should be fulfilled in the medical records of every single patient.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43044-021-00133-0Congenital heart defectsPerinatal risk factorsConsanguinityMaternal illnessesMaternal age |
| spellingShingle | Marwa Moustapha Al-Fahham Yasmin Abdelrazek Ali Pattern of congenital heart disease among Egyptian children: a 3-year retrospective study The Egyptian Heart Journal Congenital heart defects Perinatal risk factors Consanguinity Maternal illnesses Maternal age |
| title | Pattern of congenital heart disease among Egyptian children: a 3-year retrospective study |
| title_full | Pattern of congenital heart disease among Egyptian children: a 3-year retrospective study |
| title_fullStr | Pattern of congenital heart disease among Egyptian children: a 3-year retrospective study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Pattern of congenital heart disease among Egyptian children: a 3-year retrospective study |
| title_short | Pattern of congenital heart disease among Egyptian children: a 3-year retrospective study |
| title_sort | pattern of congenital heart disease among egyptian children a 3 year retrospective study |
| topic | Congenital heart defects Perinatal risk factors Consanguinity Maternal illnesses Maternal age |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s43044-021-00133-0 |
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