Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Five Glutathione S-Transferase Genes and Promoters from <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) and Their Response to Tannic Acid Stress
Plants accumulate phenolic compounds such as tannic acid to resist insect herbivores. The survival of insects exposed to toxic secondary metabolites depends on the detoxification metabolism mediated by limited groups of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i>...
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MDPI AG
2020-06-01
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| Series: | Insects |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/6/339 |
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| author | Fang Tang Huizhen Tu Qingli Shang Xiwu Gao Pei Liang |
| author_facet | Fang Tang Huizhen Tu Qingli Shang Xiwu Gao Pei Liang |
| author_sort | Fang Tang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Plants accumulate phenolic compounds such as tannic acid to resist insect herbivores. The survival of insects exposed to toxic secondary metabolites depends on the detoxification metabolism mediated by limited groups of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) is an important foliar pest of poplar trees. GSTs play an important role in xenobiotic detoxification in <i>M. troglodyta</i>. Five GST genes were identified in <i>M. troglodyta</i> and were classified into five different cytosolic GST classes, delta, omega, sigma, theta, and zeta. Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to determine the mRNA expression of the five cloned GSTs in the midguts and fat bodies of <i>M. troglodyta</i>. The mRNA expression of the five GSTs was significantly induced when <i>M. troglodyta</i> was exposed to tannic acid. To further understand the tannic acid regulatory cascade, the 5′-flanking promoter sequences of the five <i>MtGST</i>s were isolated by genome walking methods, and the promoters were very active and induced by tannic acid. In summary, the induction of GST mRNA expression was due to the response of five <i>MtGST</i> promoters to tannic acid. Therefore, <i>MtGST</i> promoters play an important role in the regulation of GST transcription. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:27:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b67d645270204c03a249c15909193294 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T19:27:03Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-b67d645270204c03a249c159091932942023-11-20T02:29:14ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502020-06-0111633910.3390/insects11060339Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Five Glutathione S-Transferase Genes and Promoters from <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) and Their Response to Tannic Acid StressFang Tang0Huizhen Tu1Qingli Shang2Xiwu Gao3Pei Liang4Co-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaCo-Innovation Center for Sustainable Forestry in Southern China, Nanjing Forestry University, Nanjing 210037, ChinaSchool of Agricultural Science, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaDepartment of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, ChinaPlants accumulate phenolic compounds such as tannic acid to resist insect herbivores. The survival of insects exposed to toxic secondary metabolites depends on the detoxification metabolism mediated by limited groups of glutathione S-transferases (GSTs). <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) is an important foliar pest of poplar trees. GSTs play an important role in xenobiotic detoxification in <i>M. troglodyta</i>. Five GST genes were identified in <i>M. troglodyta</i> and were classified into five different cytosolic GST classes, delta, omega, sigma, theta, and zeta. Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) was used to determine the mRNA expression of the five cloned GSTs in the midguts and fat bodies of <i>M. troglodyta</i>. The mRNA expression of the five GSTs was significantly induced when <i>M. troglodyta</i> was exposed to tannic acid. To further understand the tannic acid regulatory cascade, the 5′-flanking promoter sequences of the five <i>MtGST</i>s were isolated by genome walking methods, and the promoters were very active and induced by tannic acid. In summary, the induction of GST mRNA expression was due to the response of five <i>MtGST</i> promoters to tannic acid. Therefore, <i>MtGST</i> promoters play an important role in the regulation of GST transcription.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/6/339<i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i>glutathione S-transferasestannic acidpromotertranscriptional regulation |
| spellingShingle | Fang Tang Huizhen Tu Qingli Shang Xiwu Gao Pei Liang Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Five Glutathione S-Transferase Genes and Promoters from <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) and Their Response to Tannic Acid Stress Insects <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> glutathione S-transferases tannic acid promoter transcriptional regulation |
| title | Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Five Glutathione S-Transferase Genes and Promoters from <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) and Their Response to Tannic Acid Stress |
| title_full | Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Five Glutathione S-Transferase Genes and Promoters from <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) and Their Response to Tannic Acid Stress |
| title_fullStr | Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Five Glutathione S-Transferase Genes and Promoters from <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) and Their Response to Tannic Acid Stress |
| title_full_unstemmed | Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Five Glutathione S-Transferase Genes and Promoters from <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) and Their Response to Tannic Acid Stress |
| title_short | Molecular Cloning and Characterization of Five Glutathione S-Transferase Genes and Promoters from <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> (Graeser) (Lepidoptera: Notodontidae) and Their Response to Tannic Acid Stress |
| title_sort | molecular cloning and characterization of five glutathione s transferase genes and promoters from i micromelalopha troglodyta i graeser lepidoptera notodontidae and their response to tannic acid stress |
| topic | <i>Micromelalopha troglodyta</i> glutathione S-transferases tannic acid promoter transcriptional regulation |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/6/339 |
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