Beyond G-Quadruplexes—The Effect of Junction with Additional Structural Motifs on Aptamers Properties
G-quadruplexes constitute an important type of nucleic acid structure, which can be found in living cells and applied by cell machinery as pivotal regulatory elements. Importantly, robust development of SELEX technology and modern, nucleic acid-based therapeutic strategies targeted towards various m...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-09-01
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| Series: | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/18/9948 |
| _version_ | 1797518913533116416 |
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| author | Weronika Kotkowiak Anna Pasternak |
| author_facet | Weronika Kotkowiak Anna Pasternak |
| author_sort | Weronika Kotkowiak |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | G-quadruplexes constitute an important type of nucleic acid structure, which can be found in living cells and applied by cell machinery as pivotal regulatory elements. Importantly, robust development of SELEX technology and modern, nucleic acid-based therapeutic strategies targeted towards various molecules have also revealed a large group of potent aptamers whose structures are grounded in G-quadruplexes. In this review, we analyze further extension of tetraplexes by additional structural elements and investigate whether G-quadruplex junctions with duplex, hairpin, triplex, or second G-quadruplex motifs are favorable for aptamers stability and biological activity. Furthermore, we indicate the specific and pivotal role of the G-quadruplex domain and the additional structural elements in interactions with target molecules. Finally, we consider the potency of G-quadruplex junctions in future applications and indicate the emerging research area that is still waiting for development to obtain highly specific and effective nucleic acid-based molecular tools. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:36:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6848f8d56f24c958f564c4b51533904 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1661-6596 1422-0067 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:36:01Z |
| publishDate | 2021-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | International Journal of Molecular Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6848f8d56f24c958f564c4b515339042023-11-22T13:30:07ZengMDPI AGInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences1661-65961422-00672021-09-012218994810.3390/ijms22189948Beyond G-Quadruplexes—The Effect of Junction with Additional Structural Motifs on Aptamers PropertiesWeronika Kotkowiak0Anna Pasternak1Department of Nucleic Acids Bioengineering, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, PolandDepartment of Nucleic Acids Bioengineering, Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Polish Academy of Sciences, Noskowskiego 12/14, 61-704 Poznan, PolandG-quadruplexes constitute an important type of nucleic acid structure, which can be found in living cells and applied by cell machinery as pivotal regulatory elements. Importantly, robust development of SELEX technology and modern, nucleic acid-based therapeutic strategies targeted towards various molecules have also revealed a large group of potent aptamers whose structures are grounded in G-quadruplexes. In this review, we analyze further extension of tetraplexes by additional structural elements and investigate whether G-quadruplex junctions with duplex, hairpin, triplex, or second G-quadruplex motifs are favorable for aptamers stability and biological activity. Furthermore, we indicate the specific and pivotal role of the G-quadruplex domain and the additional structural elements in interactions with target molecules. Finally, we consider the potency of G-quadruplex junctions in future applications and indicate the emerging research area that is still waiting for development to obtain highly specific and effective nucleic acid-based molecular tools.https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/18/9948G-quadruplexG-quadruplex junctionduplexhairpintriplexaptamer |
| spellingShingle | Weronika Kotkowiak Anna Pasternak Beyond G-Quadruplexes—The Effect of Junction with Additional Structural Motifs on Aptamers Properties International Journal of Molecular Sciences G-quadruplex G-quadruplex junction duplex hairpin triplex aptamer |
| title | Beyond G-Quadruplexes—The Effect of Junction with Additional Structural Motifs on Aptamers Properties |
| title_full | Beyond G-Quadruplexes—The Effect of Junction with Additional Structural Motifs on Aptamers Properties |
| title_fullStr | Beyond G-Quadruplexes—The Effect of Junction with Additional Structural Motifs on Aptamers Properties |
| title_full_unstemmed | Beyond G-Quadruplexes—The Effect of Junction with Additional Structural Motifs on Aptamers Properties |
| title_short | Beyond G-Quadruplexes—The Effect of Junction with Additional Structural Motifs on Aptamers Properties |
| title_sort | beyond g quadruplexes the effect of junction with additional structural motifs on aptamers properties |
| topic | G-quadruplex G-quadruplex junction duplex hairpin triplex aptamer |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1422-0067/22/18/9948 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT weronikakotkowiak beyondgquadruplexestheeffectofjunctionwithadditionalstructuralmotifsonaptamersproperties AT annapasternak beyondgquadruplexestheeffectofjunctionwithadditionalstructuralmotifsonaptamersproperties |