Benign Tumors in Long-Term Survivors of Retinoblastoma
Hereditary retinoblastoma survivors have substantially increased risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs). The risk of benign neoplasms, a substantial cause of morbidity, is unclear. We calculated the cumulative incidence of developing benign tumors at 60 years following retinoblastoma diagnosi...
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MDPI AG
2021-04-01
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| Series: | Cancers |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/8/1773 |
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| author | Milo van Hoefen Wijsard Sara J. Schonfeld Flora E. van Leeuwen Annette C. Moll Armida W. Fabius David H. Abramson Johanna M. Seddon Jasmine H. Francis Margaret A. Tucker Ruth A. Kleinerman Lindsay M. Morton |
| author_facet | Milo van Hoefen Wijsard Sara J. Schonfeld Flora E. van Leeuwen Annette C. Moll Armida W. Fabius David H. Abramson Johanna M. Seddon Jasmine H. Francis Margaret A. Tucker Ruth A. Kleinerman Lindsay M. Morton |
| author_sort | Milo van Hoefen Wijsard |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hereditary retinoblastoma survivors have substantially increased risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs). The risk of benign neoplasms, a substantial cause of morbidity, is unclear. We calculated the cumulative incidence of developing benign tumors at 60 years following retinoblastoma diagnosis among 1128 hereditary (i.e., bilateral retinoblastoma or unilateral with family history, mutation testing was not available) and 924 nonhereditary retinoblastoma survivors diagnosed during 1914–2006 at two US medical centers with follow-up through 2016. Using Cox proportional hazards regression, we compared benign tumor risk by hereditary status and evaluated the association between benign tumors and SMNs. There were 100 benign tumors among 73 hereditary survivors (cumulative incidence = 17.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 12.9–22.8%) and 22 benign tumors among 16 nonhereditary survivors (cumulative incidence = 3.9%; 95%CI = 2.2–6.4%), corresponding to 4.9-fold (95%CI = 2.8–8.4) increased risk for hereditary survivors. The cumulative incidence after hereditary retinoblastoma was highest for lipoma among males (14.0%; 95%CI = 7.7–22.1%) and leiomyoma among females (8.9%; 95%CI = 5.2–13.8%). Among hereditary survivors, having a prior SMN was associated with 3.5-fold (95%CI = 2.0–6.1) increased risk of developing a benign tumor; the reciprocal risk for developing an SMN after a benign tumor was 1.8 (95%CI = 1.1–2.9). These large-scale, long-term data demonstrate an increased risk for benign tumors after hereditary versus nonhereditary retinoblastoma. If confirmed, the association between benign tumors and SMNs among hereditary patients may have implications for long-term surveillance. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:31:12Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b685546695b444f5b6b674c1bade997e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2072-6694 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T12:31:12Z |
| publishDate | 2021-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cancers |
| spelling | doaj.art-b685546695b444f5b6b674c1bade997e2023-11-21T14:39:34ZengMDPI AGCancers2072-66942021-04-01138177310.3390/cancers13081773Benign Tumors in Long-Term Survivors of RetinoblastomaMilo van Hoefen Wijsard0Sara J. Schonfeld1Flora E. van Leeuwen2Annette C. Moll3Armida W. Fabius4David H. Abramson5Johanna M. Seddon6Jasmine H. Francis7Margaret A. Tucker8Ruth A. Kleinerman9Lindsay M. Morton10Department of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USADepartment of Epidemiology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The NetherlandsDepartment of Ophthalmology, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Cancer Center Amsterdam, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The NetherlandsMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USADepartment of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, USAMemorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USADivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USADivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USADivision of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USAHereditary retinoblastoma survivors have substantially increased risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs). The risk of benign neoplasms, a substantial cause of morbidity, is unclear. We calculated the cumulative incidence of developing benign tumors at 60 years following retinoblastoma diagnosis among 1128 hereditary (i.e., bilateral retinoblastoma or unilateral with family history, mutation testing was not available) and 924 nonhereditary retinoblastoma survivors diagnosed during 1914–2006 at two US medical centers with follow-up through 2016. Using Cox proportional hazards regression, we compared benign tumor risk by hereditary status and evaluated the association between benign tumors and SMNs. There were 100 benign tumors among 73 hereditary survivors (cumulative incidence = 17.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI] = 12.9–22.8%) and 22 benign tumors among 16 nonhereditary survivors (cumulative incidence = 3.9%; 95%CI = 2.2–6.4%), corresponding to 4.9-fold (95%CI = 2.8–8.4) increased risk for hereditary survivors. The cumulative incidence after hereditary retinoblastoma was highest for lipoma among males (14.0%; 95%CI = 7.7–22.1%) and leiomyoma among females (8.9%; 95%CI = 5.2–13.8%). Among hereditary survivors, having a prior SMN was associated with 3.5-fold (95%CI = 2.0–6.1) increased risk of developing a benign tumor; the reciprocal risk for developing an SMN after a benign tumor was 1.8 (95%CI = 1.1–2.9). These large-scale, long-term data demonstrate an increased risk for benign tumors after hereditary versus nonhereditary retinoblastoma. If confirmed, the association between benign tumors and SMNs among hereditary patients may have implications for long-term surveillance.https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/8/1773retinoblastomasubsequent benign tumorlipoma<i>RB1</i>leiomyomacumulative incidence |
| spellingShingle | Milo van Hoefen Wijsard Sara J. Schonfeld Flora E. van Leeuwen Annette C. Moll Armida W. Fabius David H. Abramson Johanna M. Seddon Jasmine H. Francis Margaret A. Tucker Ruth A. Kleinerman Lindsay M. Morton Benign Tumors in Long-Term Survivors of Retinoblastoma Cancers retinoblastoma subsequent benign tumor lipoma <i>RB1</i> leiomyoma cumulative incidence |
| title | Benign Tumors in Long-Term Survivors of Retinoblastoma |
| title_full | Benign Tumors in Long-Term Survivors of Retinoblastoma |
| title_fullStr | Benign Tumors in Long-Term Survivors of Retinoblastoma |
| title_full_unstemmed | Benign Tumors in Long-Term Survivors of Retinoblastoma |
| title_short | Benign Tumors in Long-Term Survivors of Retinoblastoma |
| title_sort | benign tumors in long term survivors of retinoblastoma |
| topic | retinoblastoma subsequent benign tumor lipoma <i>RB1</i> leiomyoma cumulative incidence |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6694/13/8/1773 |
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