Sample Entropy and Traditional Measures of Heart Rate Dynamics Reveal Different Modes of Cardiovascular Control During Low Intensity Exercise
Nonlinear parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) have proven their prognostic value in clinical settings, but their physiological background is not very well established. We assessed the effects of low intensity isometric (ISO) and dynamic (DYN) exercise of the lower limbs on heart rate matched...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2014-10-01
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| Series: | Entropy |
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| Online Access: | http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/16/11/5698 |
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| author | Matthias Weippert Martin Behrens Annika Rieger Kristin Behrens |
| author_facet | Matthias Weippert Martin Behrens Annika Rieger Kristin Behrens |
| author_sort | Matthias Weippert |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nonlinear parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) have proven their prognostic value in clinical settings, but their physiological background is not very well established. We assessed the effects of low intensity isometric (ISO) and dynamic (DYN) exercise of the lower limbs on heart rate matched intensity on traditional and entropy measures of HRV. Due to changes of afferent feedback under DYN and ISO a distinct autonomic response, mirrored by HRV measures, was hypothesized. Five-minute inter-beat interval measurements of 43 healthy males (26.0 ± 3.1 years) were performed during rest, DYN and ISO in a randomized order. Blood pressures and rate pressure product were higher during ISO vs. DYN (p < 0.001). HRV indicators SDNN as well as low and high frequency power were significantly higher during ISO (p < 0.001 for all measures). Compared to DYN, sample entropy (SampEn) was lower during ISO (p < 0.001). Concluding, contraction mode itself is a significant modulator of the autonomic cardiovascular response to exercise. Compared to DYN, ISO evokes a stronger blood pressure response and an enhanced interplay between both autonomic branches. Non-linear HRV measures indicate a more regular behavior under ISO. Results support the view of the reciprocal antagonism being only one of many modes of autonomic heart rate control. Under different conditions; the identical “end product” heart rate might be achieved by other modes such as sympathovagal co-activation as well. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:39:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b692e319b5dc48dcb0ecd9efe42f1e9f |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T12:39:08Z |
| publishDate | 2014-10-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-b692e319b5dc48dcb0ecd9efe42f1e9f2022-12-22T04:23:33ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002014-10-0116115698571110.3390/e16115698e16115698Sample Entropy and Traditional Measures of Heart Rate Dynamics Reveal Different Modes of Cardiovascular Control During Low Intensity ExerciseMatthias Weippert0Martin Behrens1Annika Rieger2Kristin Behrens3Center for Life Science Automation, University of Rostock, F.-Barnewitz-Str. 8, Rostock 18119, GermanyInstitute of Sport Science, University of Rostock, Ulmenstr. 69, Rostock 18057, GermanyCenter for Life Science Automation, University of Rostock, F.-Barnewitz-Str. 8, Rostock 18119, GermanyFederal Athletic Association Mecklenburg-Vorpommern, Trotzenburger Weg 15, Rostock 18057, GermanyNonlinear parameters of heart rate variability (HRV) have proven their prognostic value in clinical settings, but their physiological background is not very well established. We assessed the effects of low intensity isometric (ISO) and dynamic (DYN) exercise of the lower limbs on heart rate matched intensity on traditional and entropy measures of HRV. Due to changes of afferent feedback under DYN and ISO a distinct autonomic response, mirrored by HRV measures, was hypothesized. Five-minute inter-beat interval measurements of 43 healthy males (26.0 ± 3.1 years) were performed during rest, DYN and ISO in a randomized order. Blood pressures and rate pressure product were higher during ISO vs. DYN (p < 0.001). HRV indicators SDNN as well as low and high frequency power were significantly higher during ISO (p < 0.001 for all measures). Compared to DYN, sample entropy (SampEn) was lower during ISO (p < 0.001). Concluding, contraction mode itself is a significant modulator of the autonomic cardiovascular response to exercise. Compared to DYN, ISO evokes a stronger blood pressure response and an enhanced interplay between both autonomic branches. Non-linear HRV measures indicate a more regular behavior under ISO. Results support the view of the reciprocal antagonism being only one of many modes of autonomic heart rate control. Under different conditions; the identical “end product” heart rate might be achieved by other modes such as sympathovagal co-activation as well.http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/16/11/5698sample entropycirculationheart rate variabilityautonomic nervous systemexerciseautonomic space |
| spellingShingle | Matthias Weippert Martin Behrens Annika Rieger Kristin Behrens Sample Entropy and Traditional Measures of Heart Rate Dynamics Reveal Different Modes of Cardiovascular Control During Low Intensity Exercise Entropy sample entropy circulation heart rate variability autonomic nervous system exercise autonomic space |
| title | Sample Entropy and Traditional Measures of Heart Rate Dynamics Reveal Different Modes of Cardiovascular Control During Low Intensity Exercise |
| title_full | Sample Entropy and Traditional Measures of Heart Rate Dynamics Reveal Different Modes of Cardiovascular Control During Low Intensity Exercise |
| title_fullStr | Sample Entropy and Traditional Measures of Heart Rate Dynamics Reveal Different Modes of Cardiovascular Control During Low Intensity Exercise |
| title_full_unstemmed | Sample Entropy and Traditional Measures of Heart Rate Dynamics Reveal Different Modes of Cardiovascular Control During Low Intensity Exercise |
| title_short | Sample Entropy and Traditional Measures of Heart Rate Dynamics Reveal Different Modes of Cardiovascular Control During Low Intensity Exercise |
| title_sort | sample entropy and traditional measures of heart rate dynamics reveal different modes of cardiovascular control during low intensity exercise |
| topic | sample entropy circulation heart rate variability autonomic nervous system exercise autonomic space |
| url | http://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/16/11/5698 |
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