EFFECT OF PALM EMPTY BUNCH ASH ON TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL INTO BIODIESEL
Biodiesel conversion from transesterification reaction palm oil with methanol was studied by using an ash of palm empty bunch as a base catalyst. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and indicator titration analysis were used as tools for characterization of ash sample. Chemical structure of biodies...
| Main Authors: | , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada
2010-06-01
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| Series: | Indonesian Journal of Chemistry |
| Online Access: | https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijc/article/view/21675 |
| _version_ | 1830082177740570624 |
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| author | Johan Sibarani Syahrul Khairi Yoeswono Yoeswono Karna Wijaya Iqmal Tahir |
| author_facet | Johan Sibarani Syahrul Khairi Yoeswono Yoeswono Karna Wijaya Iqmal Tahir |
| author_sort | Johan Sibarani |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Biodiesel conversion from transesterification reaction palm oil with methanol was studied by using an ash of palm empty bunch as a base catalyst. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and indicator titration analysis were used as tools for characterization of ash sample. Chemical structure of biodiesel was analyzed by GC-MS. The effects of ash sample weight (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 g) immersed in 75 mL methanol and the methanol-palm oil mol ratio (3:1; 6:1; 9:1 and 12:1) toward the conversion of biodiesel were investigated. Biodiesel was prepared by refluxing palm oil and methanol containing ash sample. The reflux was done at room temperature for 2 h. Ester layer was distillated at 74 oC, extracted with aquadest and then dried using Na2SO4 anhydrous. The product was characterized by GC-MS, ASTM D 1298 (specific gravity 60/60 °F), ASTM D 97 (pour point), ASTM D 2500 (cloud point), ASTM D 93 (flash point), ASTM D 445 (kinematics viscosity 40 °C) and ASTM D 482 (ash content). The result of GC-MS analysis showed that methyl palmitate is primary content of biodiesel product. A 15 g weight of ash sample gave the maximum biodiesel conversion. By increasing methanol mole quantity, biodiesel conversion increased progressively and maximum at 9:1 methanol-palm oil ratio (84.12 %) and decreased on 12:1 ratio (75.58 %). Most of the biodiesel products were similar to those of the diesel physical characters.
Keywords: Biodiesel conversion, transesterification, palm oil, palm empty bunch |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T15:53:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6a194dcba504de3b554c5ff9ab58fd2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1411-9420 2460-1578 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T15:53:08Z |
| publishDate | 2010-06-01 |
| publisher | Department of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah Mada |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Indonesian Journal of Chemistry |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6a194dcba504de3b554c5ff9ab58fd22022-12-21T22:55:19ZengDepartment of Chemistry, Universitas Gadjah MadaIndonesian Journal of Chemistry1411-94202460-15782010-06-017331431910.22146/ijc.2167514773EFFECT OF PALM EMPTY BUNCH ASH ON TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL INTO BIODIESELJohan Sibarani0Syahrul Khairi1Yoeswono Yoeswono2Karna Wijaya3Iqmal Tahir4Physical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Yogyakarta, IndonesiaPhysical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Yogyakarta, IndonesiaTraining Center BP Migas, Jl. Sorogo no 1, Cepu, Central Java, IndonesiaPhysical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Yogyakarta, IndonesiaPhysical Chemistry Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara Yogyakarta, IndonesiaBiodiesel conversion from transesterification reaction palm oil with methanol was studied by using an ash of palm empty bunch as a base catalyst. Atomic absorption spectroscopy (AAS) and indicator titration analysis were used as tools for characterization of ash sample. Chemical structure of biodiesel was analyzed by GC-MS. The effects of ash sample weight (5, 10, 15, 20 and 25 g) immersed in 75 mL methanol and the methanol-palm oil mol ratio (3:1; 6:1; 9:1 and 12:1) toward the conversion of biodiesel were investigated. Biodiesel was prepared by refluxing palm oil and methanol containing ash sample. The reflux was done at room temperature for 2 h. Ester layer was distillated at 74 oC, extracted with aquadest and then dried using Na2SO4 anhydrous. The product was characterized by GC-MS, ASTM D 1298 (specific gravity 60/60 °F), ASTM D 97 (pour point), ASTM D 2500 (cloud point), ASTM D 93 (flash point), ASTM D 445 (kinematics viscosity 40 °C) and ASTM D 482 (ash content). The result of GC-MS analysis showed that methyl palmitate is primary content of biodiesel product. A 15 g weight of ash sample gave the maximum biodiesel conversion. By increasing methanol mole quantity, biodiesel conversion increased progressively and maximum at 9:1 methanol-palm oil ratio (84.12 %) and decreased on 12:1 ratio (75.58 %). Most of the biodiesel products were similar to those of the diesel physical characters. Keywords: Biodiesel conversion, transesterification, palm oil, palm empty bunchhttps://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijc/article/view/21675 |
| spellingShingle | Johan Sibarani Syahrul Khairi Yoeswono Yoeswono Karna Wijaya Iqmal Tahir EFFECT OF PALM EMPTY BUNCH ASH ON TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL INTO BIODIESEL Indonesian Journal of Chemistry |
| title | EFFECT OF PALM EMPTY BUNCH ASH ON TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL INTO BIODIESEL |
| title_full | EFFECT OF PALM EMPTY BUNCH ASH ON TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL INTO BIODIESEL |
| title_fullStr | EFFECT OF PALM EMPTY BUNCH ASH ON TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL INTO BIODIESEL |
| title_full_unstemmed | EFFECT OF PALM EMPTY BUNCH ASH ON TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL INTO BIODIESEL |
| title_short | EFFECT OF PALM EMPTY BUNCH ASH ON TRANSESTERIFICATION OF PALM OIL INTO BIODIESEL |
| title_sort | effect of palm empty bunch ash on transesterification of palm oil into biodiesel |
| url | https://jurnal.ugm.ac.id/ijc/article/view/21675 |
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