Distinct hierarchical alterations of intrinsic neural timescales account for different manifestations of psychosis
Hierarchical perceptual-inference models of psychosis may provide a holistic framework for understanding psychosis in schizophrenia including heterogeneity in clinical presentations. Particularly, hypothesized alterations at distinct levels of the perceptual-inference hierarchy may explain why hallu...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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eLife Sciences Publications Ltd
2020-10-01
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| Series: | eLife |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://elifesciences.org/articles/56151 |
| _version_ | 1811202583201579008 |
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| author | Kenneth Wengler Andrew T Goldberg George Chahine Guillermo Horga |
| author_facet | Kenneth Wengler Andrew T Goldberg George Chahine Guillermo Horga |
| author_sort | Kenneth Wengler |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Hierarchical perceptual-inference models of psychosis may provide a holistic framework for understanding psychosis in schizophrenia including heterogeneity in clinical presentations. Particularly, hypothesized alterations at distinct levels of the perceptual-inference hierarchy may explain why hallucinations and delusions tend to cluster together yet sometimes manifest in isolation. To test this, we used a recently developed resting-state fMRI measure of intrinsic neural timescale (INT), which reflects the time window of neural integration and captures hierarchical brain gradients. In analyses examining extended sensory hierarchies that we first validated, we found distinct hierarchical INT alterations for hallucinations versus delusions in the auditory and somatosensory systems, thus providing support for hierarchical perceptual-inference models of psychosis. Simulations using a large-scale biophysical model suggested local elevations of excitation-inhibition ratio at different hierarchical levels as a potential mechanism. More generally, our work highlights the robustness and utility of INT for studying hierarchical processes relevant to basic and clinical neuroscience. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:41:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6bd8b310bd041978db8fb4be2bfd14e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2050-084X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T02:41:09Z |
| publishDate | 2020-10-01 |
| publisher | eLife Sciences Publications Ltd |
| record_format | Article |
| series | eLife |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6bd8b310bd041978db8fb4be2bfd14e2022-12-22T03:51:18ZengeLife Sciences Publications LtdeLife2050-084X2020-10-01910.7554/eLife.56151Distinct hierarchical alterations of intrinsic neural timescales account for different manifestations of psychosisKenneth Wengler0https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8153-5183Andrew T Goldberg1George Chahine2Guillermo Horga3https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9049-9786Department of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, United States; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, United StatesNew York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, United StatesDepartment of Psychiatry, Columbia University, New York, United States; New York State Psychiatric Institute, New York, United StatesHierarchical perceptual-inference models of psychosis may provide a holistic framework for understanding psychosis in schizophrenia including heterogeneity in clinical presentations. Particularly, hypothesized alterations at distinct levels of the perceptual-inference hierarchy may explain why hallucinations and delusions tend to cluster together yet sometimes manifest in isolation. To test this, we used a recently developed resting-state fMRI measure of intrinsic neural timescale (INT), which reflects the time window of neural integration and captures hierarchical brain gradients. In analyses examining extended sensory hierarchies that we first validated, we found distinct hierarchical INT alterations for hallucinations versus delusions in the auditory and somatosensory systems, thus providing support for hierarchical perceptual-inference models of psychosis. Simulations using a large-scale biophysical model suggested local elevations of excitation-inhibition ratio at different hierarchical levels as a potential mechanism. More generally, our work highlights the robustness and utility of INT for studying hierarchical processes relevant to basic and clinical neuroscience.https://elifesciences.org/articles/56151psychosisintrinsic neural timescaleschizophreniaexcitation-inhibition ratiohierarchical perceptual inference |
| spellingShingle | Kenneth Wengler Andrew T Goldberg George Chahine Guillermo Horga Distinct hierarchical alterations of intrinsic neural timescales account for different manifestations of psychosis eLife psychosis intrinsic neural timescale schizophrenia excitation-inhibition ratio hierarchical perceptual inference |
| title | Distinct hierarchical alterations of intrinsic neural timescales account for different manifestations of psychosis |
| title_full | Distinct hierarchical alterations of intrinsic neural timescales account for different manifestations of psychosis |
| title_fullStr | Distinct hierarchical alterations of intrinsic neural timescales account for different manifestations of psychosis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Distinct hierarchical alterations of intrinsic neural timescales account for different manifestations of psychosis |
| title_short | Distinct hierarchical alterations of intrinsic neural timescales account for different manifestations of psychosis |
| title_sort | distinct hierarchical alterations of intrinsic neural timescales account for different manifestations of psychosis |
| topic | psychosis intrinsic neural timescale schizophrenia excitation-inhibition ratio hierarchical perceptual inference |
| url | https://elifesciences.org/articles/56151 |
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