Intestinal protozoa in hospitalized under-five children with diarrhoea in Nampula – a cross-sectional analysis in a low-income setting in northern Mozambique
Abstract Background In Mozambique, infection by intestinal parasites is reported all over the country. However, infection in children with diarrhoea is mostly focused in the southern region of Mozambique. This work aims to determine the frequency and potential risk factors for infection by Cryptospo...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
BMC
2021-02-01
|
| Series: | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05881-7 |
| _version_ | 1818668058153058304 |
|---|---|
| author | Adilson Fernando Loforte Bauhofer Idalécia Laurinda Carlos Cossa-Moiane Selma Domingos Amadeu Marques Esperança Lourenço Alberto Mabandane Guimarães Benilde António Munlela Elda Muianga Anapakala Jorfélia José Chiláule Marta Cassocera Jerónimo Souzinho Langa Assucênio Chissaque Júlia Assiat Monteiro Sambo Lena Vânia Manhique-Coutinho Diocreciano Matias Bero Timothy Allen Kellogg Luzia Augusta Pires Gonçalves Nilsa de Deus |
| author_facet | Adilson Fernando Loforte Bauhofer Idalécia Laurinda Carlos Cossa-Moiane Selma Domingos Amadeu Marques Esperança Lourenço Alberto Mabandane Guimarães Benilde António Munlela Elda Muianga Anapakala Jorfélia José Chiláule Marta Cassocera Jerónimo Souzinho Langa Assucênio Chissaque Júlia Assiat Monteiro Sambo Lena Vânia Manhique-Coutinho Diocreciano Matias Bero Timothy Allen Kellogg Luzia Augusta Pires Gonçalves Nilsa de Deus |
| author_sort | Adilson Fernando Loforte Bauhofer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background In Mozambique, infection by intestinal parasites is reported all over the country. However, infection in children with diarrhoea is mostly focused in the southern region of Mozambique. This work aims to determine the frequency and potential risk factors for infection by Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia lamblia, and Entamoeba histolytica in children under-five years hospitalized with diarrhoea in Hospital Central de Nampula, northern Mozambique. Methods A cross-sectional hospital-based surveillance was conducted between March 2015 and January 2018 in children admitted with diarrhoea in Hospital Central de Nampula. Sociodemographic information was obtained through semi-structured interviews applied to the children’s caregivers. A single stool sample was collected from each child to detect antigens from Cryptosporidium spp., G. lamblia, and E. histolytica using an immune-enzymatic technique. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (with 95% Confidence Intervals) were obtained by logistic regression models to identify factors associated with infection by Cryptosporidium spp. and G. lamblia. Results The median age and interquartile intervals of our sample population was 12 months (8–20). Intestinal protozoa were detected in 21.4% (59/276). Cryptosporidium spp. was the most common protozoa (13.9% - 38/274), followed by G. lamblia (9.1% - 25/274) and E. histolytica (0.4% - 1/275). Children with illiterate caregiver’s (p-value = 0.042) and undernourished (p-value = 0.011) were more likely to be infected by Cryptosporidium spp. G. lamblia was more common in children living in households with more than four members (p-value = 0.039). E. histolytica was detected in an eleven month’s child, co-infected with Cryptosporidium spp. and undernourished. Conclusion Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia lamblia were the most common pathogenic intestinal protozoa detected in children with diarrhoea hospitalized in the Hospital Central de Nampula. Our findings obtained highlight the importance of exploring the caregiver’s education level, children’s nutritional status for infections with Cryptosporidium spp., and living conditions, namely crowded households for infections with G. lamblia in children younger than five years. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-17T06:30:17Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6cd7c3133f844eca7a49d7ccb1ce8be |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2334 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-17T06:30:17Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Infectious Diseases |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6cd7c3133f844eca7a49d7ccb1ce8be2022-12-21T22:00:09ZengBMCBMC Infectious Diseases1471-23342021-02-012111810.1186/s12879-021-05881-7Intestinal protozoa in hospitalized under-five children with diarrhoea in Nampula – a cross-sectional analysis in a low-income setting in northern MozambiqueAdilson Fernando Loforte Bauhofer0Idalécia Laurinda Carlos Cossa-Moiane1Selma Domingos Amadeu Marques2Esperança Lourenço Alberto Mabandane Guimarães3Benilde António Munlela4Elda Muianga Anapakala5Jorfélia José Chiláule6Marta Cassocera7Jerónimo Souzinho Langa8Assucênio Chissaque9Júlia Assiat Monteiro Sambo10Lena Vânia Manhique-Coutinho11Diocreciano Matias Bero12Timothy Allen Kellogg13Luzia Augusta Pires Gonçalves14Nilsa de Deus15Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Eduardo MondlaneInstituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Instituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Institute for Global Health Sciences, University of California San FranciscoGlobal Health and Tropical Medicine, Instituto de Higiene e Medicina Tropical, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Portugal and Centro de Estatística e Aplicações da Universidade de LisboaInstituto Nacional de Saúde (INS)Abstract Background In Mozambique, infection by intestinal parasites is reported all over the country. However, infection in children with diarrhoea is mostly focused in the southern region of Mozambique. This work aims to determine the frequency and potential risk factors for infection by Cryptosporidium spp., Giardia lamblia, and Entamoeba histolytica in children under-five years hospitalized with diarrhoea in Hospital Central de Nampula, northern Mozambique. Methods A cross-sectional hospital-based surveillance was conducted between March 2015 and January 2018 in children admitted with diarrhoea in Hospital Central de Nampula. Sociodemographic information was obtained through semi-structured interviews applied to the children’s caregivers. A single stool sample was collected from each child to detect antigens from Cryptosporidium spp., G. lamblia, and E. histolytica using an immune-enzymatic technique. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (with 95% Confidence Intervals) were obtained by logistic regression models to identify factors associated with infection by Cryptosporidium spp. and G. lamblia. Results The median age and interquartile intervals of our sample population was 12 months (8–20). Intestinal protozoa were detected in 21.4% (59/276). Cryptosporidium spp. was the most common protozoa (13.9% - 38/274), followed by G. lamblia (9.1% - 25/274) and E. histolytica (0.4% - 1/275). Children with illiterate caregiver’s (p-value = 0.042) and undernourished (p-value = 0.011) were more likely to be infected by Cryptosporidium spp. G. lamblia was more common in children living in households with more than four members (p-value = 0.039). E. histolytica was detected in an eleven month’s child, co-infected with Cryptosporidium spp. and undernourished. Conclusion Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia lamblia were the most common pathogenic intestinal protozoa detected in children with diarrhoea hospitalized in the Hospital Central de Nampula. Our findings obtained highlight the importance of exploring the caregiver’s education level, children’s nutritional status for infections with Cryptosporidium spp., and living conditions, namely crowded households for infections with G. lamblia in children younger than five years.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05881-7DiarrhoeaChildrenIntestinal ProtozoaRelated factorsLow-income settingNampula province |
| spellingShingle | Adilson Fernando Loforte Bauhofer Idalécia Laurinda Carlos Cossa-Moiane Selma Domingos Amadeu Marques Esperança Lourenço Alberto Mabandane Guimarães Benilde António Munlela Elda Muianga Anapakala Jorfélia José Chiláule Marta Cassocera Jerónimo Souzinho Langa Assucênio Chissaque Júlia Assiat Monteiro Sambo Lena Vânia Manhique-Coutinho Diocreciano Matias Bero Timothy Allen Kellogg Luzia Augusta Pires Gonçalves Nilsa de Deus Intestinal protozoa in hospitalized under-five children with diarrhoea in Nampula – a cross-sectional analysis in a low-income setting in northern Mozambique BMC Infectious Diseases Diarrhoea Children Intestinal Protozoa Related factors Low-income setting Nampula province |
| title | Intestinal protozoa in hospitalized under-five children with diarrhoea in Nampula – a cross-sectional analysis in a low-income setting in northern Mozambique |
| title_full | Intestinal protozoa in hospitalized under-five children with diarrhoea in Nampula – a cross-sectional analysis in a low-income setting in northern Mozambique |
| title_fullStr | Intestinal protozoa in hospitalized under-five children with diarrhoea in Nampula – a cross-sectional analysis in a low-income setting in northern Mozambique |
| title_full_unstemmed | Intestinal protozoa in hospitalized under-five children with diarrhoea in Nampula – a cross-sectional analysis in a low-income setting in northern Mozambique |
| title_short | Intestinal protozoa in hospitalized under-five children with diarrhoea in Nampula – a cross-sectional analysis in a low-income setting in northern Mozambique |
| title_sort | intestinal protozoa in hospitalized under five children with diarrhoea in nampula a cross sectional analysis in a low income setting in northern mozambique |
| topic | Diarrhoea Children Intestinal Protozoa Related factors Low-income setting Nampula province |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12879-021-05881-7 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT adilsonfernandolofortebauhofer intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT idalecialaurindacarloscossamoiane intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT selmadomingosamadeumarques intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT esperancalourencoalbertomabandaneguimaraes intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT benildeantoniomunlela intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT eldamuiangaanapakala intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT jorfeliajosechilaule intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT martacassocera intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT jeronimosouzinholanga intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT assuceniochissaque intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT juliaassiatmonteirosambo intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT lenavaniamanhiquecoutinho intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT diocrecianomatiasbero intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT timothyallenkellogg intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT luziaaugustapiresgoncalves intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique AT nilsadedeus intestinalprotozoainhospitalizedunderfivechildrenwithdiarrhoeainnampulaacrosssectionalanalysisinalowincomesettinginnorthernmozambique |