Hough Transform Proposal and Simulations for Particle Track Recognition for LHC Phase-II Upgrade
In the near future, LHC experiments will continue future upgrades by overcoming the technological obsolescence of the detectors and the readout capabilities. Therefore, after the conclusion of a data collection period, CERN will have to face a long shutdown to improve overall performance, by updatin...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Sensors |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/5/1768 |
| _version_ | 1797473803754799104 |
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| author | Alessandro Gabrielli Fabrizio Alfonsi Francesca Del Corso |
| author_facet | Alessandro Gabrielli Fabrizio Alfonsi Francesca Del Corso |
| author_sort | Alessandro Gabrielli |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | In the near future, LHC experiments will continue future upgrades by overcoming the technological obsolescence of the detectors and the readout capabilities. Therefore, after the conclusion of a data collection period, CERN will have to face a long shutdown to improve overall performance, by updating the experiments, and implementing more advanced technologies and infrastructures. In particular, the largest LHC experiment, i.e., ATLAS, will upgrade parts of the detector, the trigger, and the data acquisition system. In addition, the ATLAS experiment will complete the implementation of new strategies, algorithms for data handling, and transmission to the final storage apparatus. This paper presents an overview of an upgrade planned for the second half of this decade for the ATLAS experiment. In particular, we show a study of a novel pattern recognition algorithm used in the trigger system, which is a device designed to provide the information needed to select physical events from unnecessary background data. The idea is to use a well known mathematical transform, the Hough transform, as the algorithm for the detection of particle trajectories. The effectiveness of the algorithm has already been validated in the past, regardless of particle physics applications, to recognize generic shapes within images. On the contrary, here, we first propose a software emulation tool, and a subsequent hardware implementation of the Hough transform, for particle physics applications. Until now, the Hough transform has never been implemented on electronics in particle physics experiments, and since a hardware implementation would provide benefits in terms of overall Latency, we complete the studies by comparing the simulated data with a physical system implemented on a Xilinx hardware accelerator (FELIX-II card). In more detail, we have implemented a low-abstraction RTL design of the Hough transform on Xilinx UltraScale+ FPGAs as target devices for filtering applications. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:22:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6d2311b8fc44052831ebc246e9debb4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1424-8220 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:22:37Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Sensors |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6d2311b8fc44052831ebc246e9debb42023-11-23T23:45:56ZengMDPI AGSensors1424-82202022-02-01225176810.3390/s22051768Hough Transform Proposal and Simulations for Particle Track Recognition for LHC Phase-II UpgradeAlessandro Gabrielli0Fabrizio Alfonsi1Francesca Del Corso2INFN Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, ItalyINFN Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, ItalyINFN Bologna, Viale Berti Pichat 6/2, 40127 Bologna, ItalyIn the near future, LHC experiments will continue future upgrades by overcoming the technological obsolescence of the detectors and the readout capabilities. Therefore, after the conclusion of a data collection period, CERN will have to face a long shutdown to improve overall performance, by updating the experiments, and implementing more advanced technologies and infrastructures. In particular, the largest LHC experiment, i.e., ATLAS, will upgrade parts of the detector, the trigger, and the data acquisition system. In addition, the ATLAS experiment will complete the implementation of new strategies, algorithms for data handling, and transmission to the final storage apparatus. This paper presents an overview of an upgrade planned for the second half of this decade for the ATLAS experiment. In particular, we show a study of a novel pattern recognition algorithm used in the trigger system, which is a device designed to provide the information needed to select physical events from unnecessary background data. The idea is to use a well known mathematical transform, the Hough transform, as the algorithm for the detection of particle trajectories. The effectiveness of the algorithm has already been validated in the past, regardless of particle physics applications, to recognize generic shapes within images. On the contrary, here, we first propose a software emulation tool, and a subsequent hardware implementation of the Hough transform, for particle physics applications. Until now, the Hough transform has never been implemented on electronics in particle physics experiments, and since a hardware implementation would provide benefits in terms of overall Latency, we complete the studies by comparing the simulated data with a physical system implemented on a Xilinx hardware accelerator (FELIX-II card). In more detail, we have implemented a low-abstraction RTL design of the Hough transform on Xilinx UltraScale+ FPGAs as target devices for filtering applications.https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/5/1768Hough transformhigh energy physicsparticle recognitionFPGAs |
| spellingShingle | Alessandro Gabrielli Fabrizio Alfonsi Francesca Del Corso Hough Transform Proposal and Simulations for Particle Track Recognition for LHC Phase-II Upgrade Sensors Hough transform high energy physics particle recognition FPGAs |
| title | Hough Transform Proposal and Simulations for Particle Track Recognition for LHC Phase-II Upgrade |
| title_full | Hough Transform Proposal and Simulations for Particle Track Recognition for LHC Phase-II Upgrade |
| title_fullStr | Hough Transform Proposal and Simulations for Particle Track Recognition for LHC Phase-II Upgrade |
| title_full_unstemmed | Hough Transform Proposal and Simulations for Particle Track Recognition for LHC Phase-II Upgrade |
| title_short | Hough Transform Proposal and Simulations for Particle Track Recognition for LHC Phase-II Upgrade |
| title_sort | hough transform proposal and simulations for particle track recognition for lhc phase ii upgrade |
| topic | Hough transform high energy physics particle recognition FPGAs |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1424-8220/22/5/1768 |
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