Circadian gating of neuronal functionality: a basis for iterative metaplasticity
Brain plasticity, the ability of the nervous system to encode experience, is a modulatory process leading to long-lasting structural and functional changes. Salient experiences induce plastic changes in neurons of the hippocampus, the basis of memory formation and recall. In the suprachiasmatic nucl...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2014-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00164/full |
| _version_ | 1819058220531974144 |
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| author | Rajashekar eIyer Tongfei A. Wang Martha U. Gillette Martha U. Gillette |
| author_facet | Rajashekar eIyer Tongfei A. Wang Martha U. Gillette Martha U. Gillette |
| author_sort | Rajashekar eIyer |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Brain plasticity, the ability of the nervous system to encode experience, is a modulatory process leading to long-lasting structural and functional changes. Salient experiences induce plastic changes in neurons of the hippocampus, the basis of memory formation and recall. In the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the central circadian (~24-h) clock, experience with light at night induces changes in neuronal state, leading to circadian plasticity. The SCN’s endogenous ~24-h time-generator comprises a dynamic series of functional states, which gate plastic responses. This restricts light-induced alteration in SCN state-dynamics and outputs to the nighttime. Endogenously generated circadian oscillators coordinate the cyclic states of excitability and intracellular signaling molecules that prime SCN receptivity to plasticity signals, generating nightly windows of susceptibility. We propose that this constitutes a paradigm of ~24-hour iterative metaplasticity, the repeated, patterned occurrence of susceptibility to induction of neuronal plasticity. We detail effectors permissive for the cyclic susceptibility to plasticity. We consider similarities of intracellular and membrane mechanisms underlying plasticity in SCN circadian plasticity and in hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP). The emerging prominence of the hippocampal circadian clock points to iterative metaplasticity in that tissue as well. Exploring these links holds great promise for understanding circadian shaping of synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-21T13:51:44Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6d5c96056f84cddb34421d537463bff |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1662-5137 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-21T13:51:44Z |
| publishDate | 2014-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6d5c96056f84cddb34421d537463bff2022-12-21T19:01:41ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience1662-51372014-09-01810.3389/fnsys.2014.0016491514Circadian gating of neuronal functionality: a basis for iterative metaplasticityRajashekar eIyer0Tongfei A. Wang1Martha U. Gillette2Martha U. Gillette3University of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignUniversity of Illinois at Urbana-ChampaignBrain plasticity, the ability of the nervous system to encode experience, is a modulatory process leading to long-lasting structural and functional changes. Salient experiences induce plastic changes in neurons of the hippocampus, the basis of memory formation and recall. In the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), the central circadian (~24-h) clock, experience with light at night induces changes in neuronal state, leading to circadian plasticity. The SCN’s endogenous ~24-h time-generator comprises a dynamic series of functional states, which gate plastic responses. This restricts light-induced alteration in SCN state-dynamics and outputs to the nighttime. Endogenously generated circadian oscillators coordinate the cyclic states of excitability and intracellular signaling molecules that prime SCN receptivity to plasticity signals, generating nightly windows of susceptibility. We propose that this constitutes a paradigm of ~24-hour iterative metaplasticity, the repeated, patterned occurrence of susceptibility to induction of neuronal plasticity. We detail effectors permissive for the cyclic susceptibility to plasticity. We consider similarities of intracellular and membrane mechanisms underlying plasticity in SCN circadian plasticity and in hippocampal long-term potentiation (LTP). The emerging prominence of the hippocampal circadian clock points to iterative metaplasticity in that tissue as well. Exploring these links holds great promise for understanding circadian shaping of synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory.http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00164/fullHippocampusSuprachiasmatic NucleusplasticityGatingsignalingCircadian rhtythms |
| spellingShingle | Rajashekar eIyer Tongfei A. Wang Martha U. Gillette Martha U. Gillette Circadian gating of neuronal functionality: a basis for iterative metaplasticity Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience Hippocampus Suprachiasmatic Nucleus plasticity Gating signaling Circadian rhtythms |
| title | Circadian gating of neuronal functionality: a basis for iterative metaplasticity |
| title_full | Circadian gating of neuronal functionality: a basis for iterative metaplasticity |
| title_fullStr | Circadian gating of neuronal functionality: a basis for iterative metaplasticity |
| title_full_unstemmed | Circadian gating of neuronal functionality: a basis for iterative metaplasticity |
| title_short | Circadian gating of neuronal functionality: a basis for iterative metaplasticity |
| title_sort | circadian gating of neuronal functionality a basis for iterative metaplasticity |
| topic | Hippocampus Suprachiasmatic Nucleus plasticity Gating signaling Circadian rhtythms |
| url | http://journal.frontiersin.org/Journal/10.3389/fnsys.2014.00164/full |
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