On the use of routine airborne observations for evaluation and monitoring of satellite observations of thermodynamic profiles
<p>Satellite-based observations require independent sources of data to monitor and evaluate their precision and accuracy. For the temperature and water vapor profiles produced by satellite-based sounders, this typically results in comparisons to operational radiosonde observations. However, po...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Copernicus Publications
2024-01-01
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| Series: | Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
| Online Access: | https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/17/1/2024/amt-17-1-2024.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797367218272468992 |
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| author | T. J. Wagner T. August T. Hultberg R. A. Petersen |
| author_facet | T. J. Wagner T. August T. Hultberg R. A. Petersen |
| author_sort | T. J. Wagner |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Satellite-based observations require independent sources of data to monitor and evaluate their precision and accuracy. For the temperature and water vapor profiles produced by satellite-based sounders, this typically results in comparisons to operational radiosonde observations. However, polar-orbiting satellite overpasses are frequently misaligned with the global synoptic launch times. The routine airborne in situ observations of temperature and water vapor from the Airborne Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) program and the Water Vapor Sensing System-II (WVSS-II) instrument greatly enhance opportunities to make precise matchups due to the far greater temporal frequency and spatial density of aircraft flights.</p>
<p>The potential for the use of aircraft-based observations as a source of evaluation of tropospheric satellite sounder profiles is explored through a year-long intercomparison with the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) level-2 profiles produced from both the Metop-A and Metop-B satellites. Results using 1 h and 50 km match criteria indicating good agreement between the satellites and the aircraft-based observations with temperature, specific humidity, and relative humidity biases generally less than 0.5 K, 0.8 <span class="inline-formula">g kg<sup>−1</sup></span>, and 5 %, respectively; both IASI instruments perform nearly identically. While the intercomparisons are generally limited to the troposphere as aircraft typically reach their maximum height at the tropopause, the substantially larger number of intercomparison points enable characterization as a function of season, scan angle, and other characteristics heretofore unexplored due to a lack of sufficient validation data.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:15:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6e2f96690704fd5803066308deb22da |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1867-1381 1867-8548 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-08T17:15:08Z |
| publishDate | 2024-01-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6e2f96690704fd5803066308deb22da2024-01-03T15:02:10ZengCopernicus PublicationsAtmospheric Measurement Techniques1867-13811867-85482024-01-011711410.5194/amt-17-1-2024On the use of routine airborne observations for evaluation and monitoring of satellite observations of thermodynamic profilesT. J. Wagner0T. August1T. Hultberg2R. A. Petersen3Cooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS), Space Science and Engineering Center (SSEC), University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States of AmericaEUMETSAT, 64295 Darmstadt, GermanyEUMETSAT, 64295 Darmstadt, GermanyCooperative Institute for Meteorological Satellite Studies (CIMSS), Space Science and Engineering Center (SSEC), University of Wisconsin – Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, United States of America<p>Satellite-based observations require independent sources of data to monitor and evaluate their precision and accuracy. For the temperature and water vapor profiles produced by satellite-based sounders, this typically results in comparisons to operational radiosonde observations. However, polar-orbiting satellite overpasses are frequently misaligned with the global synoptic launch times. The routine airborne in situ observations of temperature and water vapor from the Airborne Meteorological Data Relay (AMDAR) program and the Water Vapor Sensing System-II (WVSS-II) instrument greatly enhance opportunities to make precise matchups due to the far greater temporal frequency and spatial density of aircraft flights.</p> <p>The potential for the use of aircraft-based observations as a source of evaluation of tropospheric satellite sounder profiles is explored through a year-long intercomparison with the Infrared Atmospheric Sounding Interferometer (IASI) level-2 profiles produced from both the Metop-A and Metop-B satellites. Results using 1 h and 50 km match criteria indicating good agreement between the satellites and the aircraft-based observations with temperature, specific humidity, and relative humidity biases generally less than 0.5 K, 0.8 <span class="inline-formula">g kg<sup>−1</sup></span>, and 5 %, respectively; both IASI instruments perform nearly identically. While the intercomparisons are generally limited to the troposphere as aircraft typically reach their maximum height at the tropopause, the substantially larger number of intercomparison points enable characterization as a function of season, scan angle, and other characteristics heretofore unexplored due to a lack of sufficient validation data.</p>https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/17/1/2024/amt-17-1-2024.pdf |
| spellingShingle | T. J. Wagner T. August T. Hultberg R. A. Petersen On the use of routine airborne observations for evaluation and monitoring of satellite observations of thermodynamic profiles Atmospheric Measurement Techniques |
| title | On the use of routine airborne observations for evaluation and monitoring of satellite observations of thermodynamic profiles |
| title_full | On the use of routine airborne observations for evaluation and monitoring of satellite observations of thermodynamic profiles |
| title_fullStr | On the use of routine airborne observations for evaluation and monitoring of satellite observations of thermodynamic profiles |
| title_full_unstemmed | On the use of routine airborne observations for evaluation and monitoring of satellite observations of thermodynamic profiles |
| title_short | On the use of routine airborne observations for evaluation and monitoring of satellite observations of thermodynamic profiles |
| title_sort | on the use of routine airborne observations for evaluation and monitoring of satellite observations of thermodynamic profiles |
| url | https://amt.copernicus.org/articles/17/1/2024/amt-17-1-2024.pdf |
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