| Summary: | This paper presents a rules-based integrated fault detection, classification and section identification (I-FDCSI) method for real distribution networks (DN) using micro-phasor measurement units (<inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">μ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>PMUs). The proposed method utilizes the high-resolution synchronized realistic measurements from the strategically installed <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">μ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>PMUs to detect and classify different types of faults and identify the faulty section of the distribution network. The I-FDCSI method is based on a set of rules developed using expert knowledge and statistical analysis of the generated realistic measurements. The algorithms mainly use line currents per phase reported by the different <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">μ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>PMUs to calculate the minimum and maximum short circuit current ratios. The algorithms were then fine-tuned with all the possible types and classes of fault simulations at all possible sections of the network with different fault parameter values. The proposed I-FDCSI method addresses the inherent challenges of DN by leveraging the high-precision measurements provided by <inline-formula><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" display="inline"><semantics><mi mathvariant="sans-serif">μ</mi></semantics></math></inline-formula>PMUs to accurately detect, classify, and sectionalise faults. To ensure the applicability of the developed IFDCSI method, it is further tested and validated with all the possible real-time events on a real distribution network and its performance has been compared with the conventional fault detection, classification and section identification methods. The results demonstrate that the I-FDCSI method has a higher accuracy and faster response time compared to the conventional methods and facilitates faster service restoration, thus improving the reliability and resiliency indices of DN.
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