Causal Relationship Between Basal Metabolic Rate and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study
Abstract Introduction Objective observational studies have shown that basal metabolic rate (BMR) decreases in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the causal relationship between BMR and AD has not been established. We determined the causal relationship between BMR and AD by two-way Mendelian...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Adis, Springer Healthcare
2023-03-01
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| Series: | Neurology and Therapy |
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| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40120-023-00458-9 |
| _version_ | 1797822622325538816 |
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| author | Yuexiao Zou Qingxian Wang Xiaorui Cheng |
| author_facet | Yuexiao Zou Qingxian Wang Xiaorui Cheng |
| author_sort | Yuexiao Zou |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Introduction Objective observational studies have shown that basal metabolic rate (BMR) decreases in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the causal relationship between BMR and AD has not been established. We determined the causal relationship between BMR and AD by two-way Mendelian randomization (MR) and investigated the impact of factors associated with BMR on AD. Methods We obtained BMR (n = 454,874) and AD from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) database (21,982 patients with AD, 41,944 controls). The causal relationship between AD and BMR was investigated using two-way MR. Additionally, we identified the causal relationship between AD and factors related with BMR, hyperthyroidism (hy/thy) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), height and weight. Results BMR had a causal relationship with AD [451 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), odds ratio (OR) 0.749, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 0.663–0.858, P = 2.40E-03]. There was no causal relationship between hy/thy or T2D and AD (P > 0.05). The bidirectional MR showed that there was also a causal relationship between AD and BMR (OR 0.992, Cls 0.987–0.997, N SNPs18, P = 1.50E−03). BMR, height and weight have a protective effect on AD. Based on MVMR analysis, we found that genetically determined height and weight may be adjusted by BMR to have a causal effect on AD, not height and weight themselves. Conclusion Our study showed that higher BMR reduced the risk of AD, and patients with AD had a lower BMR. Because of a positive correlation with BMR, height and weight may have a protective effect on AD. The two metabolism-related diseases, hy/thy and T2D, had no causal relationship with AD. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:11:50Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6ec67ffd6484153b1455d9458d982cc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2193-8253 2193-6536 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T10:11:50Z |
| publishDate | 2023-03-01 |
| publisher | Adis, Springer Healthcare |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Neurology and Therapy |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6ec67ffd6484153b1455d9458d982cc2023-05-21T11:30:46ZengAdis, Springer HealthcareNeurology and Therapy2193-82532193-65362023-03-0112376377610.1007/s40120-023-00458-9Causal Relationship Between Basal Metabolic Rate and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian Randomization StudyYuexiao Zou0Qingxian Wang1Xiaorui Cheng2Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineInnovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineInnovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese MedicineAbstract Introduction Objective observational studies have shown that basal metabolic rate (BMR) decreases in patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but the causal relationship between BMR and AD has not been established. We determined the causal relationship between BMR and AD by two-way Mendelian randomization (MR) and investigated the impact of factors associated with BMR on AD. Methods We obtained BMR (n = 454,874) and AD from a large genome-wide association study (GWAS) database (21,982 patients with AD, 41,944 controls). The causal relationship between AD and BMR was investigated using two-way MR. Additionally, we identified the causal relationship between AD and factors related with BMR, hyperthyroidism (hy/thy) and type 2 diabetes (T2D), height and weight. Results BMR had a causal relationship with AD [451 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), odds ratio (OR) 0.749, 95% confidence intervals (CIs) 0.663–0.858, P = 2.40E-03]. There was no causal relationship between hy/thy or T2D and AD (P > 0.05). The bidirectional MR showed that there was also a causal relationship between AD and BMR (OR 0.992, Cls 0.987–0.997, N SNPs18, P = 1.50E−03). BMR, height and weight have a protective effect on AD. Based on MVMR analysis, we found that genetically determined height and weight may be adjusted by BMR to have a causal effect on AD, not height and weight themselves. Conclusion Our study showed that higher BMR reduced the risk of AD, and patients with AD had a lower BMR. Because of a positive correlation with BMR, height and weight may have a protective effect on AD. The two metabolism-related diseases, hy/thy and T2D, had no causal relationship with AD.https://doi.org/10.1007/s40120-023-00458-9Basal metabolic rateAlzheimer’s diseaseMendelian randomizationCausal relationship |
| spellingShingle | Yuexiao Zou Qingxian Wang Xiaorui Cheng Causal Relationship Between Basal Metabolic Rate and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study Neurology and Therapy Basal metabolic rate Alzheimer’s disease Mendelian randomization Causal relationship |
| title | Causal Relationship Between Basal Metabolic Rate and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
| title_full | Causal Relationship Between Basal Metabolic Rate and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
| title_fullStr | Causal Relationship Between Basal Metabolic Rate and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Causal Relationship Between Basal Metabolic Rate and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
| title_short | Causal Relationship Between Basal Metabolic Rate and Alzheimer’s Disease: A Bidirectional Two-sample Mendelian Randomization Study |
| title_sort | causal relationship between basal metabolic rate and alzheimer s disease a bidirectional two sample mendelian randomization study |
| topic | Basal metabolic rate Alzheimer’s disease Mendelian randomization Causal relationship |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1007/s40120-023-00458-9 |
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