Historical Simulations With HadGEM3‐GC3.1 for CMIP6
Abstract We describe and evaluate historical simulations which use the third Hadley Centre Global Environment Model in the Global Coupled configuration 3.1 (HadGEM3‐GC3.1) and which form part of the UK's contribution to the sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, CMIP6. These simulations,...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
American Geophysical Union (AGU)
2020-06-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001995 |
| _version_ | 1828813028100931584 |
|---|---|
| author | Martin B. Andrews Jeff K. Ridley Richard A. Wood Timothy Andrews Edward W. Blockley Ben Booth Eleanor Burke Andrea J. Dittus Piotr Florek Lesley J. Gray Stephen Haddad Steven C. Hardiman Leon Hermanson Dan Hodson Emma Hogan Gareth S. Jones Jeff R. Knight Till Kuhlbrodt Stergios Misios Matthew S. Mizielinski Mark A. Ringer Jon Robson Rowan T. Sutton |
| author_facet | Martin B. Andrews Jeff K. Ridley Richard A. Wood Timothy Andrews Edward W. Blockley Ben Booth Eleanor Burke Andrea J. Dittus Piotr Florek Lesley J. Gray Stephen Haddad Steven C. Hardiman Leon Hermanson Dan Hodson Emma Hogan Gareth S. Jones Jeff R. Knight Till Kuhlbrodt Stergios Misios Matthew S. Mizielinski Mark A. Ringer Jon Robson Rowan T. Sutton |
| author_sort | Martin B. Andrews |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract We describe and evaluate historical simulations which use the third Hadley Centre Global Environment Model in the Global Coupled configuration 3.1 (HadGEM3‐GC3.1) and which form part of the UK's contribution to the sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, CMIP6. These simulations, run at two resolutions, respond to historically evolving forcings such as greenhouse gases, aerosols, solar irradiance, volcanic aerosols, land use, and ozone concentrations. We assess the response of the simulations to these historical forcings and compare against the observational record. This includes the evolution of global mean surface temperature, ocean heat content, sea ice extent, ice sheet mass balance, permafrost extent, snow cover, North Atlantic sea surface temperature and circulation, and decadal precipitation. We find that the simulated time evolution of global mean surface temperature broadly follows the observed record but with important quantitative differences which we find are most likely attributable to strong effective radiative forcing from anthropogenic aerosols and a weak pattern of sea surface temperature response in the low to middle latitudes to volcanic eruptions. We also find evidence that anthropogenic aerosol forcings play a role in driving the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, which are key features of the North Atlantic ocean. Overall, the model historical simulations show many features in common with the observed record over the period 1850–2014 and so provide a basis for future in‐depth study of recent climate change. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:53:19Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b6fa4df4fb7a4a7a95d4f7a4ef3040dd |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1942-2466 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T09:53:19Z |
| publishDate | 2020-06-01 |
| publisher | American Geophysical Union (AGU) |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems |
| spelling | doaj.art-b6fa4df4fb7a4a7a95d4f7a4ef3040dd2022-12-22T00:28:12ZengAmerican Geophysical Union (AGU)Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems1942-24662020-06-01126n/an/a10.1029/2019MS001995Historical Simulations With HadGEM3‐GC3.1 for CMIP6Martin B. Andrews0Jeff K. Ridley1Richard A. Wood2Timothy Andrews3Edward W. Blockley4Ben Booth5Eleanor Burke6Andrea J. Dittus7Piotr Florek8Lesley J. Gray9Stephen Haddad10Steven C. Hardiman11Leon Hermanson12Dan Hodson13Emma Hogan14Gareth S. Jones15Jeff R. Knight16Till Kuhlbrodt17Stergios Misios18Matthew S. Mizielinski19Mark A. Ringer20Jon Robson21Rowan T. Sutton22Met Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKNCAS, Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKNCAS, Department of Physics University of Oxford Oxford UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKNCAS, Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKNCAS, Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UKNCAS, Department of Physics University of Oxford Oxford UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKMet Office Hadley Centre Exeter UKNCAS, Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UKNCAS, Department of Meteorology University of Reading Reading UKAbstract We describe and evaluate historical simulations which use the third Hadley Centre Global Environment Model in the Global Coupled configuration 3.1 (HadGEM3‐GC3.1) and which form part of the UK's contribution to the sixth Coupled Model Intercomparison Project, CMIP6. These simulations, run at two resolutions, respond to historically evolving forcings such as greenhouse gases, aerosols, solar irradiance, volcanic aerosols, land use, and ozone concentrations. We assess the response of the simulations to these historical forcings and compare against the observational record. This includes the evolution of global mean surface temperature, ocean heat content, sea ice extent, ice sheet mass balance, permafrost extent, snow cover, North Atlantic sea surface temperature and circulation, and decadal precipitation. We find that the simulated time evolution of global mean surface temperature broadly follows the observed record but with important quantitative differences which we find are most likely attributable to strong effective radiative forcing from anthropogenic aerosols and a weak pattern of sea surface temperature response in the low to middle latitudes to volcanic eruptions. We also find evidence that anthropogenic aerosol forcings play a role in driving the Atlantic Multidecadal Variability and the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, which are key features of the North Atlantic ocean. Overall, the model historical simulations show many features in common with the observed record over the period 1850–2014 and so provide a basis for future in‐depth study of recent climate change.https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001995CMIP6historical simulationsHadGEM3‐GC3.1AOGCM |
| spellingShingle | Martin B. Andrews Jeff K. Ridley Richard A. Wood Timothy Andrews Edward W. Blockley Ben Booth Eleanor Burke Andrea J. Dittus Piotr Florek Lesley J. Gray Stephen Haddad Steven C. Hardiman Leon Hermanson Dan Hodson Emma Hogan Gareth S. Jones Jeff R. Knight Till Kuhlbrodt Stergios Misios Matthew S. Mizielinski Mark A. Ringer Jon Robson Rowan T. Sutton Historical Simulations With HadGEM3‐GC3.1 for CMIP6 Journal of Advances in Modeling Earth Systems CMIP6 historical simulations HadGEM3‐GC3.1 AOGCM |
| title | Historical Simulations With HadGEM3‐GC3.1 for CMIP6 |
| title_full | Historical Simulations With HadGEM3‐GC3.1 for CMIP6 |
| title_fullStr | Historical Simulations With HadGEM3‐GC3.1 for CMIP6 |
| title_full_unstemmed | Historical Simulations With HadGEM3‐GC3.1 for CMIP6 |
| title_short | Historical Simulations With HadGEM3‐GC3.1 for CMIP6 |
| title_sort | historical simulations with hadgem3 gc3 1 for cmip6 |
| topic | CMIP6 historical simulations HadGEM3‐GC3.1 AOGCM |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1029/2019MS001995 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT martinbandrews historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT jeffkridley historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT richardawood historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT timothyandrews historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT edwardwblockley historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT benbooth historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT eleanorburke historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT andreajdittus historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT piotrflorek historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT lesleyjgray historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT stephenhaddad historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT stevenchardiman historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT leonhermanson historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT danhodson historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT emmahogan historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT garethsjones historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT jeffrknight historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT tillkuhlbrodt historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT stergiosmisios historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT matthewsmizielinski historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT markaringer historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT jonrobson historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 AT rowantsutton historicalsimulationswithhadgem3gc31forcmip6 |