Gain and Phase Calibration of Uniform Rectangular Arrays Based on Convex Optimization and Neural Networks
A calibration method based on convex optimization (CVX) and neural networks is proposed for the large planar arrays of phased array three-dimensional imaging sonar systems. The method only needs an acoustic calibration source at an unknown position in the far field, and the direction of arrival (DOA...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-02-01
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| Series: | Electronics |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/5/718 |
| _version_ | 1797475358665080832 |
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| author | Xiran Jie Bolun Zheng Boxuan Gu |
| author_facet | Xiran Jie Bolun Zheng Boxuan Gu |
| author_sort | Xiran Jie |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | A calibration method based on convex optimization (CVX) and neural networks is proposed for the large planar arrays of phased array three-dimensional imaging sonar systems. The method only needs an acoustic calibration source at an unknown position in the far field, and the direction of arrival (DOA) and gain and phase error are jointly estimated. The method uses a CVX algorithm to solve an optimization problem and initially estimates the DOA of the calibration source robustly. Subsequently, according to the estimation results, a neural network is used for fitting to obtain off-grid DOA estimation of the calibration source. Thereafter, spatial matched filtering is performed to obtain the gain and phase residual estimations. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the beam pattern calibrated by the method for uniform planar arrays can reach a value of 4.9542 × 10<sup>−5</sup>. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method for gain and phase calibration. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:43:01Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b70711e20a2f4efeaa10d6eeaf4361ea |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2079-9292 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T20:43:01Z |
| publishDate | 2022-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Electronics |
| spelling | doaj.art-b70711e20a2f4efeaa10d6eeaf4361ea2023-11-23T22:52:57ZengMDPI AGElectronics2079-92922022-02-0111571810.3390/electronics11050718Gain and Phase Calibration of Uniform Rectangular Arrays Based on Convex Optimization and Neural NetworksXiran Jie0Bolun Zheng1Boxuan Gu2School of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaSchool of Automation, Hangzhou Dianzi University, Hangzhou 310018, ChinaInstitute of Advanced Digital Technology and Instrumentation, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, ChinaA calibration method based on convex optimization (CVX) and neural networks is proposed for the large planar arrays of phased array three-dimensional imaging sonar systems. The method only needs an acoustic calibration source at an unknown position in the far field, and the direction of arrival (DOA) and gain and phase error are jointly estimated. The method uses a CVX algorithm to solve an optimization problem and initially estimates the DOA of the calibration source robustly. Subsequently, according to the estimation results, a neural network is used for fitting to obtain off-grid DOA estimation of the calibration source. Thereafter, spatial matched filtering is performed to obtain the gain and phase residual estimations. The root mean square error (RMSE) of the beam pattern calibrated by the method for uniform planar arrays can reach a value of 4.9542 × 10<sup>−5</sup>. The experimental results demonstrate the efficiency of the proposed method for gain and phase calibration.https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/5/718gain and phase calibrationsensor arrayconvex optimization |
| spellingShingle | Xiran Jie Bolun Zheng Boxuan Gu Gain and Phase Calibration of Uniform Rectangular Arrays Based on Convex Optimization and Neural Networks Electronics gain and phase calibration sensor array convex optimization |
| title | Gain and Phase Calibration of Uniform Rectangular Arrays Based on Convex Optimization and Neural Networks |
| title_full | Gain and Phase Calibration of Uniform Rectangular Arrays Based on Convex Optimization and Neural Networks |
| title_fullStr | Gain and Phase Calibration of Uniform Rectangular Arrays Based on Convex Optimization and Neural Networks |
| title_full_unstemmed | Gain and Phase Calibration of Uniform Rectangular Arrays Based on Convex Optimization and Neural Networks |
| title_short | Gain and Phase Calibration of Uniform Rectangular Arrays Based on Convex Optimization and Neural Networks |
| title_sort | gain and phase calibration of uniform rectangular arrays based on convex optimization and neural networks |
| topic | gain and phase calibration sensor array convex optimization |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2079-9292/11/5/718 |
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