Self-Selection of Agricultural By-Products and Food Ingredients by <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Impact on Food Utilization and Nutrient Intake
Nutrient self-selection was used to determine optimal intake ratios of macro-nutrients by <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L. larvae. Self-selection experiments consisted of 9 combinations (treatments) of 8 ingredients, from a total of 20 choices, radially distributed in a multiple-choice arena p...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-11-01
|
| Series: | Insects |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/12/827 |
| _version_ | 1797546999538515968 |
|---|---|
| author | Juan A. Morales-Ramos M. Guadalupe Rojas Hans C. Kelstrup Virginia Emery |
| author_facet | Juan A. Morales-Ramos M. Guadalupe Rojas Hans C. Kelstrup Virginia Emery |
| author_sort | Juan A. Morales-Ramos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Nutrient self-selection was used to determine optimal intake ratios of macro-nutrients by <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L. larvae. Self-selection experiments consisted of 9 combinations (treatments) of 8 ingredients, from a total of 20 choices, radially distributed in a multiple-choice arena presented to groups of 100 <i>T. molitor</i> larvae (12th–13th instar). Larvae freely selected and feed on the pelletized ingredients for a period of 21 days at 27 °C, 75% RH, and dark conditions. Consumption (g) of each ingredient, larval live weight gained (mg), and frass production were recorded and used to calculate food assimilation and efficiency of conversion of ingested food. The macro-nutrient intake ratios were 0.06 ± 0.03, 0.23 ± 0.01, and 0.71 ± 0.03 for lipid, protein, and carbohydrate, respectively on the best performing treatments. The intake of neutral detergent fiber negatively impacted food assimilation, food conversion and biomass gain. Food assimilation, food conversion, and biomass gain were significantly impacted by the intake of carbohydrate in a positive way. Cabbage, potato, wheat bran, rice bran (whole and defatted), corn dry distillers’ grain, spent brewery dry grain, canola meal and sunflower meal were considered suitable as <i>T. molitor</i> diets ingredients based on their relative consumption percentages (over 10%) within treatment. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:37:14Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7163f36c0874b49a9351aa3894b60fb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2075-4450 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T14:37:14Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Insects |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7163f36c0874b49a9351aa3894b60fb2023-11-20T22:05:33ZengMDPI AGInsects2075-44502020-11-01111282710.3390/insects11120827Self-Selection of Agricultural By-Products and Food Ingredients by <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Impact on Food Utilization and Nutrient IntakeJuan A. Morales-Ramos0M. Guadalupe Rojas1Hans C. Kelstrup2Virginia Emery3Biological Control of Pests Research Unit, National Biological Control Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776, USABiological Control of Pests Research Unit, National Biological Control Laboratory, USDA-ARS, Stoneville, MS 38776, USABeta Hatch Inc., 200 Titchenal Road, Cashmere, WA 98815, USABeta Hatch Inc., 200 Titchenal Road, Cashmere, WA 98815, USANutrient self-selection was used to determine optimal intake ratios of macro-nutrients by <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> L. larvae. Self-selection experiments consisted of 9 combinations (treatments) of 8 ingredients, from a total of 20 choices, radially distributed in a multiple-choice arena presented to groups of 100 <i>T. molitor</i> larvae (12th–13th instar). Larvae freely selected and feed on the pelletized ingredients for a period of 21 days at 27 °C, 75% RH, and dark conditions. Consumption (g) of each ingredient, larval live weight gained (mg), and frass production were recorded and used to calculate food assimilation and efficiency of conversion of ingested food. The macro-nutrient intake ratios were 0.06 ± 0.03, 0.23 ± 0.01, and 0.71 ± 0.03 for lipid, protein, and carbohydrate, respectively on the best performing treatments. The intake of neutral detergent fiber negatively impacted food assimilation, food conversion and biomass gain. Food assimilation, food conversion, and biomass gain were significantly impacted by the intake of carbohydrate in a positive way. Cabbage, potato, wheat bran, rice bran (whole and defatted), corn dry distillers’ grain, spent brewery dry grain, canola meal and sunflower meal were considered suitable as <i>T. molitor</i> diets ingredients based on their relative consumption percentages (over 10%) within treatment.https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/12/827insects as feed and foodnutritionfood assimilationfood conversioninsect dieteticsinsect rearing |
| spellingShingle | Juan A. Morales-Ramos M. Guadalupe Rojas Hans C. Kelstrup Virginia Emery Self-Selection of Agricultural By-Products and Food Ingredients by <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Impact on Food Utilization and Nutrient Intake Insects insects as feed and food nutrition food assimilation food conversion insect dietetics insect rearing |
| title | Self-Selection of Agricultural By-Products and Food Ingredients by <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Impact on Food Utilization and Nutrient Intake |
| title_full | Self-Selection of Agricultural By-Products and Food Ingredients by <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Impact on Food Utilization and Nutrient Intake |
| title_fullStr | Self-Selection of Agricultural By-Products and Food Ingredients by <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Impact on Food Utilization and Nutrient Intake |
| title_full_unstemmed | Self-Selection of Agricultural By-Products and Food Ingredients by <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Impact on Food Utilization and Nutrient Intake |
| title_short | Self-Selection of Agricultural By-Products and Food Ingredients by <i>Tenebrio molitor</i> (Coleoptera: Tenebrionidae) and Impact on Food Utilization and Nutrient Intake |
| title_sort | self selection of agricultural by products and food ingredients by i tenebrio molitor i coleoptera tenebrionidae and impact on food utilization and nutrient intake |
| topic | insects as feed and food nutrition food assimilation food conversion insect dietetics insect rearing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2075-4450/11/12/827 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT juanamoralesramos selfselectionofagriculturalbyproductsandfoodingredientsbyitenebriomolitoricoleopteratenebrionidaeandimpactonfoodutilizationandnutrientintake AT mguadaluperojas selfselectionofagriculturalbyproductsandfoodingredientsbyitenebriomolitoricoleopteratenebrionidaeandimpactonfoodutilizationandnutrientintake AT hansckelstrup selfselectionofagriculturalbyproductsandfoodingredientsbyitenebriomolitoricoleopteratenebrionidaeandimpactonfoodutilizationandnutrientintake AT virginiaemery selfselectionofagriculturalbyproductsandfoodingredientsbyitenebriomolitoricoleopteratenebrionidaeandimpactonfoodutilizationandnutrientintake |