<i>Cnidium monnieri</i> (L.) Cusson Flower as a Supplementary Food Promoting the Development and Reproduction of Ladybeetles <i>Harmonia axyridis</i> (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)
Predaceous ladybeetles are highly polyphagous predators that ingest supplementary food from flowering plants. Flowering plants widely grown in agroecosystems can sustain multiple natural enemies of agricultural pests, and the pollen and nectar resources from flowering plants may have a positive role...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2023-04-01
|
| Series: | Plants |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/9/1786 |
| _version_ | 1797601944330567680 |
|---|---|
| author | Wenwen Su Fang Ouyang Zhuo Li Yiyang Yuan Quanfeng Yang Feng Ge |
| author_facet | Wenwen Su Fang Ouyang Zhuo Li Yiyang Yuan Quanfeng Yang Feng Ge |
| author_sort | Wenwen Su |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Predaceous ladybeetles are highly polyphagous predators that ingest supplementary food from flowering plants. Flowering plants widely grown in agroecosystems can sustain multiple natural enemies of agricultural pests, and the pollen and nectar resources from flowering plants may have a positive role in natural enemies. <i>Cnidium monnieri</i> (L.) Cusson, an annual herb with many flowers, blooms from May to July. <i>C. monnieri</i> can support several predatory natural enemies, and the addition of <i>C. monnieri</i> strips increases the density of <i>Harmonia axyridis</i> (Pallas) and improves the biological control of apple aphids in an apple orchard. <i>H. axyridis</i> is also the most important natural enemy in wheat aphid biocontrol and is attracted to healthy and aphid-infested <i>C. monnieri</i> plants. In addition, adult <i>Propylaea japonica</i> Thunberg survives significantly longer on <i>C. monnieri</i> flowers than on a water-only diet. In this study, a laboratory experiment was conducted to assess (i) the effect of nutritional supplements derived from <i>C. monnieri</i> flowers on the development and reproduction of <i>H. axyridis</i> under a wheat aphids-only diet; (ii) the effect of <i>C. monnieri</i> flowers on <i>H. axyridis</i> adult reproduction performance. We compared the larval durations, survival, weight, adult longevity, and reproduction of <i>H. axyridis</i> reared on wheat aphids-only and aphids plus <i>C. monnieri</i> flower diets. The results showed that <i>H. axyridis</i> larvae reared on aphids plus flowers had significantly greater weights and survival rates, shorter larval durations, and produced 1.62 times more eggs than those reared on wheat aphids-only diets. <i>H. axyridis</i> adults ingesting a <i>C. monnieri</i> flowers plus an aphid diet increased egg production 1.44 times compared to the aphids-only diet. Our study demonstrates that <i>C. monnieri</i> flowers as a supplementary food positively affect the survival, development, and reproduction performance of <i>H. axyridis.</i> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:10:21Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b724dcca0d664770bbf1d1360274675e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2223-7747 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:10:21Z |
| publishDate | 2023-04-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plants |
| spelling | doaj.art-b724dcca0d664770bbf1d1360274675e2023-11-17T23:31:43ZengMDPI AGPlants2223-77472023-04-01129178610.3390/plants12091786<i>Cnidium monnieri</i> (L.) Cusson Flower as a Supplementary Food Promoting the Development and Reproduction of Ladybeetles <i>Harmonia axyridis</i> (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae)Wenwen Su0Fang Ouyang1Zhuo Li2Yiyang Yuan3Quanfeng Yang4Feng Ge5State Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan 250100, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, ChinaState Key Laboratory of Integrated Management of Pest Insects and Rodents, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, ChinaPredaceous ladybeetles are highly polyphagous predators that ingest supplementary food from flowering plants. Flowering plants widely grown in agroecosystems can sustain multiple natural enemies of agricultural pests, and the pollen and nectar resources from flowering plants may have a positive role in natural enemies. <i>Cnidium monnieri</i> (L.) Cusson, an annual herb with many flowers, blooms from May to July. <i>C. monnieri</i> can support several predatory natural enemies, and the addition of <i>C. monnieri</i> strips increases the density of <i>Harmonia axyridis</i> (Pallas) and improves the biological control of apple aphids in an apple orchard. <i>H. axyridis</i> is also the most important natural enemy in wheat aphid biocontrol and is attracted to healthy and aphid-infested <i>C. monnieri</i> plants. In addition, adult <i>Propylaea japonica</i> Thunberg survives significantly longer on <i>C. monnieri</i> flowers than on a water-only diet. In this study, a laboratory experiment was conducted to assess (i) the effect of nutritional supplements derived from <i>C. monnieri</i> flowers on the development and reproduction of <i>H. axyridis</i> under a wheat aphids-only diet; (ii) the effect of <i>C. monnieri</i> flowers on <i>H. axyridis</i> adult reproduction performance. We compared the larval durations, survival, weight, adult longevity, and reproduction of <i>H. axyridis</i> reared on wheat aphids-only and aphids plus <i>C. monnieri</i> flower diets. The results showed that <i>H. axyridis</i> larvae reared on aphids plus flowers had significantly greater weights and survival rates, shorter larval durations, and produced 1.62 times more eggs than those reared on wheat aphids-only diets. <i>H. axyridis</i> adults ingesting a <i>C. monnieri</i> flowers plus an aphid diet increased egg production 1.44 times compared to the aphids-only diet. Our study demonstrates that <i>C. monnieri</i> flowers as a supplementary food positively affect the survival, development, and reproduction performance of <i>H. axyridis.</i>https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/9/1786coccinellidaesupplementary food feedingfloral resourcedevelopmentreproduction |
| spellingShingle | Wenwen Su Fang Ouyang Zhuo Li Yiyang Yuan Quanfeng Yang Feng Ge <i>Cnidium monnieri</i> (L.) Cusson Flower as a Supplementary Food Promoting the Development and Reproduction of Ladybeetles <i>Harmonia axyridis</i> (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) Plants coccinellidae supplementary food feeding floral resource development reproduction |
| title | <i>Cnidium monnieri</i> (L.) Cusson Flower as a Supplementary Food Promoting the Development and Reproduction of Ladybeetles <i>Harmonia axyridis</i> (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) |
| title_full | <i>Cnidium monnieri</i> (L.) Cusson Flower as a Supplementary Food Promoting the Development and Reproduction of Ladybeetles <i>Harmonia axyridis</i> (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) |
| title_fullStr | <i>Cnidium monnieri</i> (L.) Cusson Flower as a Supplementary Food Promoting the Development and Reproduction of Ladybeetles <i>Harmonia axyridis</i> (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) |
| title_full_unstemmed | <i>Cnidium monnieri</i> (L.) Cusson Flower as a Supplementary Food Promoting the Development and Reproduction of Ladybeetles <i>Harmonia axyridis</i> (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) |
| title_short | <i>Cnidium monnieri</i> (L.) Cusson Flower as a Supplementary Food Promoting the Development and Reproduction of Ladybeetles <i>Harmonia axyridis</i> (Pallas) (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) |
| title_sort | i cnidium monnieri i l cusson flower as a supplementary food promoting the development and reproduction of ladybeetles i harmonia axyridis i pallas coleoptera coccinellidae |
| topic | coccinellidae supplementary food feeding floral resource development reproduction |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2223-7747/12/9/1786 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT wenwensu icnidiummonnieriilcussonflowerasasupplementaryfoodpromotingthedevelopmentandreproductionofladybeetlesiharmoniaaxyridisipallascoleopteracoccinellidae AT fangouyang icnidiummonnieriilcussonflowerasasupplementaryfoodpromotingthedevelopmentandreproductionofladybeetlesiharmoniaaxyridisipallascoleopteracoccinellidae AT zhuoli icnidiummonnieriilcussonflowerasasupplementaryfoodpromotingthedevelopmentandreproductionofladybeetlesiharmoniaaxyridisipallascoleopteracoccinellidae AT yiyangyuan icnidiummonnieriilcussonflowerasasupplementaryfoodpromotingthedevelopmentandreproductionofladybeetlesiharmoniaaxyridisipallascoleopteracoccinellidae AT quanfengyang icnidiummonnieriilcussonflowerasasupplementaryfoodpromotingthedevelopmentandreproductionofladybeetlesiharmoniaaxyridisipallascoleopteracoccinellidae AT fengge icnidiummonnieriilcussonflowerasasupplementaryfoodpromotingthedevelopmentandreproductionofladybeetlesiharmoniaaxyridisipallascoleopteracoccinellidae |