Temporal and Spatial Variations of the Biochemical Composition of Phytoplankton and Potential Food Material (FM) in Jaran Bay, South Korea
Food material (FM) derived from biochemical components (e.g., proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates) of phytoplankton can provide important quantitative and qualitative information of the food available to filter-feeding animals. The main objective of this study was to observe the seasonal and spatial...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2020-11-01
|
| Series: | Water |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/11/3093 |
| _version_ | 1797548835177758720 |
|---|---|
| author | Jae Hyung Lee Won-Chan Lee Hyung Chul Kim Naeun Jo Kwanwoo Kim Dabin Lee Jae Joong Kang Bo-Ram Sim Jae-Il Kwon Sang Heon Lee |
| author_facet | Jae Hyung Lee Won-Chan Lee Hyung Chul Kim Naeun Jo Kwanwoo Kim Dabin Lee Jae Joong Kang Bo-Ram Sim Jae-Il Kwon Sang Heon Lee |
| author_sort | Jae Hyung Lee |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Food material (FM) derived from biochemical components (e.g., proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates) of phytoplankton can provide important quantitative and qualitative information of the food available to filter-feeding animals. The main objective of this study was to observe the seasonal and spatial variations of the biochemical compositions of phytoplankton and to identify the major controlling factors of FM as a primary food source in Jaran Bay, a large shellfish aquaculture site in South Korea. Based on monthly sampling conducted during 2016, significant monthly variations in the depth-integrated concentrations of major inorganic nutrients and chlorophyll <i>a</i> within the euphotic water column and a predominance (49.9 ± 18.7%) of micro-sized phytoplankton (>20 μm) were observed in Jaran Bay. Carbohydrates were the dominant biochemical component (51.8 ± 8.7%), followed by lipids (27.3 ± 3.8%) and proteins (20.9 ± 7.4%), during the study period. The biochemical compositions and average monthly FM levels (411.7 ± 93.0 mg m<sup>−3</sup>) in Jaran Bay were not consistent among different bays in the southern coastal region of South Korea, possibly due to differences in controlling factors, such as environmental and biological factors. According to the results from multiple linear regression, the variations in FM could be explained by the relatively large phytoplankton and the P* (PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup> − 1/16 × NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> concentrations in Jaran Bay. The macromolecular compositions and FM, as alternatives food source materials, should be monitored in Jaran Bay due to recent changes in nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton communities. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:06:24Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b725e0b484b24c3f9caeeba1839d14cc |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4441 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T15:06:24Z |
| publishDate | 2020-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Water |
| spelling | doaj.art-b725e0b484b24c3f9caeeba1839d14cc2023-11-20T19:45:44ZengMDPI AGWater2073-44412020-11-011211309310.3390/w12113093Temporal and Spatial Variations of the Biochemical Composition of Phytoplankton and Potential Food Material (FM) in Jaran Bay, South KoreaJae Hyung Lee0Won-Chan Lee1Hyung Chul Kim2Naeun Jo3Kwanwoo Kim4Dabin Lee5Jae Joong Kang6Bo-Ram Sim7Jae-Il Kwon8Sang Heon Lee9South Sea Fisheries Research Institute, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Yeosu-si 59780, KoreaMarine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, KoreaMarine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, KoreaDepartment of Oceanography, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, KoreaDepartment of Oceanography, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, KoreaDepartment of Oceanography, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, KoreaDepartment of Oceanography, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, KoreaMarine Environment Research Division, National Institute of Fisheries Science, Busan 46083, KoreaMarine Disaster Research Center, KIOST, Busan 49111, KoreaDepartment of Oceanography, Pusan National University, Busan 46241, KoreaFood material (FM) derived from biochemical components (e.g., proteins, lipids, and carbohydrates) of phytoplankton can provide important quantitative and qualitative information of the food available to filter-feeding animals. The main objective of this study was to observe the seasonal and spatial variations of the biochemical compositions of phytoplankton and to identify the major controlling factors of FM as a primary food source in Jaran Bay, a large shellfish aquaculture site in South Korea. Based on monthly sampling conducted during 2016, significant monthly variations in the depth-integrated concentrations of major inorganic nutrients and chlorophyll <i>a</i> within the euphotic water column and a predominance (49.9 ± 18.7%) of micro-sized phytoplankton (>20 μm) were observed in Jaran Bay. Carbohydrates were the dominant biochemical component (51.8 ± 8.7%), followed by lipids (27.3 ± 3.8%) and proteins (20.9 ± 7.4%), during the study period. The biochemical compositions and average monthly FM levels (411.7 ± 93.0 mg m<sup>−3</sup>) in Jaran Bay were not consistent among different bays in the southern coastal region of South Korea, possibly due to differences in controlling factors, such as environmental and biological factors. According to the results from multiple linear regression, the variations in FM could be explained by the relatively large phytoplankton and the P* (PO<sub>4</sub><sup>3−</sup> − 1/16 × NO<sub>3</sub><sup>−</sup>) and NH<sub>4</sub><sup>+</sup> concentrations in Jaran Bay. The macromolecular compositions and FM, as alternatives food source materials, should be monitored in Jaran Bay due to recent changes in nutrient concentrations and phytoplankton communities.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/11/3093phytoplanktonbiochemical compositionscarbohydratesproteinslipidsJaran Bay |
| spellingShingle | Jae Hyung Lee Won-Chan Lee Hyung Chul Kim Naeun Jo Kwanwoo Kim Dabin Lee Jae Joong Kang Bo-Ram Sim Jae-Il Kwon Sang Heon Lee Temporal and Spatial Variations of the Biochemical Composition of Phytoplankton and Potential Food Material (FM) in Jaran Bay, South Korea Water phytoplankton biochemical compositions carbohydrates proteins lipids Jaran Bay |
| title | Temporal and Spatial Variations of the Biochemical Composition of Phytoplankton and Potential Food Material (FM) in Jaran Bay, South Korea |
| title_full | Temporal and Spatial Variations of the Biochemical Composition of Phytoplankton and Potential Food Material (FM) in Jaran Bay, South Korea |
| title_fullStr | Temporal and Spatial Variations of the Biochemical Composition of Phytoplankton and Potential Food Material (FM) in Jaran Bay, South Korea |
| title_full_unstemmed | Temporal and Spatial Variations of the Biochemical Composition of Phytoplankton and Potential Food Material (FM) in Jaran Bay, South Korea |
| title_short | Temporal and Spatial Variations of the Biochemical Composition of Phytoplankton and Potential Food Material (FM) in Jaran Bay, South Korea |
| title_sort | temporal and spatial variations of the biochemical composition of phytoplankton and potential food material fm in jaran bay south korea |
| topic | phytoplankton biochemical compositions carbohydrates proteins lipids Jaran Bay |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4441/12/11/3093 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT jaehyunglee temporalandspatialvariationsofthebiochemicalcompositionofphytoplanktonandpotentialfoodmaterialfminjaranbaysouthkorea AT wonchanlee temporalandspatialvariationsofthebiochemicalcompositionofphytoplanktonandpotentialfoodmaterialfminjaranbaysouthkorea AT hyungchulkim temporalandspatialvariationsofthebiochemicalcompositionofphytoplanktonandpotentialfoodmaterialfminjaranbaysouthkorea AT naeunjo temporalandspatialvariationsofthebiochemicalcompositionofphytoplanktonandpotentialfoodmaterialfminjaranbaysouthkorea AT kwanwookim temporalandspatialvariationsofthebiochemicalcompositionofphytoplanktonandpotentialfoodmaterialfminjaranbaysouthkorea AT dabinlee temporalandspatialvariationsofthebiochemicalcompositionofphytoplanktonandpotentialfoodmaterialfminjaranbaysouthkorea AT jaejoongkang temporalandspatialvariationsofthebiochemicalcompositionofphytoplanktonandpotentialfoodmaterialfminjaranbaysouthkorea AT boramsim temporalandspatialvariationsofthebiochemicalcompositionofphytoplanktonandpotentialfoodmaterialfminjaranbaysouthkorea AT jaeilkwon temporalandspatialvariationsofthebiochemicalcompositionofphytoplanktonandpotentialfoodmaterialfminjaranbaysouthkorea AT sangheonlee temporalandspatialvariationsofthebiochemicalcompositionofphytoplanktonandpotentialfoodmaterialfminjaranbaysouthkorea |