The Ratio of Fibrinogen to Albumin is Related to the Occurrence of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients
Xiaoyi Chen,1,2 Jingyu Zhao,3 Yanxue You,1,2 Zelin Li,2 Shuchun Chen2 1Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China; 3Graduate School, North China Unive...
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Dove Medical Press
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
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| Online Access: | https://www.dovepress.com/the-ratio-of-fibrinogen-to-albumin-is-related-to-the-occurrence-of-ret-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSO |
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| author | Chen X Zhao J You Y Li Z Chen S |
| author_facet | Chen X Zhao J You Y Li Z Chen S |
| author_sort | Chen X |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Xiaoyi Chen,1,2 Jingyu Zhao,3 Yanxue You,1,2 Zelin Li,2 Shuchun Chen2 1Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China; 3Graduate School, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shuchun Chen, Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, 348, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People’s Republic of China, Email chenshuchunwork88@163.comPurpose: Type 2 diabetic retinopathy is a long-term chronic inflammatory disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR) and retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods: This was a retrospective study that included 500 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and were divided into non-diabetic retinopathy group (NDR, n=297) and diabetic retinopathy group (DR, n=203) according to fundus examination findings, and the DR group was further divided into non-proliferative retinopathy group (NPDR, n=182) and proliferative retinopathy group (PDR, n=21). Baseline data of patients were collected, and the fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were calculated to analyze the correlation between FAR and NLR and type 2 diabetic retinopathy.Results: The FAR and NLR were significantly higher in the DR group compared with the NDR group (both P < 0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that FAR was positively correlated with NLR and DR (P < 0.05). As the FAR quartile increased, the prevalence of DR increased (14.8%, 16.7%, 25.1%, and 43.30%, respectively; P < 0.05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that FAR, diabetic course, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) were risk factors for the development of DR in patients with T2DM. The area under the ROC curve for FAR to predict DR progression was 0.708, with an optimal critical value of 7.04, and the area under the ROC curve for diabetes duration and SBP to predict DR was 0.705 and 0.588, respectively.Conclusion: Our findings show for the first time that FAR is an independent risk factor for assessing DR in patients with type 2 diabetes.Keywords: fibrinogen to albumin ratio, type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, inflammation, influencing factors |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:49:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b726cc8d17af4817a793ca104dc304ef |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1178-7007 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T01:49:51Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | Dove Medical Press |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity |
| spelling | doaj.art-b726cc8d17af4817a793ca104dc304ef2023-07-02T19:49:17ZengDove Medical PressDiabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity1178-70072023-06-01Volume 161859186784658The Ratio of Fibrinogen to Albumin is Related to the Occurrence of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic PatientsChen XZhao JYou YLi ZChen SXiaoyi Chen,1,2 Jingyu Zhao,3 Yanxue You,1,2 Zelin Li,2 Shuchun Chen2 1Graduate School, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, Shijiazhuang, 050051, People’s Republic of China; 3Graduate School, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, 063210, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Shuchun Chen, Department of Endocrinology, Hebei General Hospital, 348, Heping West Road, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, 050051, People’s Republic of China, Email chenshuchunwork88@163.comPurpose: Type 2 diabetic retinopathy is a long-term chronic inflammatory disease. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR) and retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.Methods: This was a retrospective study that included 500 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and were divided into non-diabetic retinopathy group (NDR, n=297) and diabetic retinopathy group (DR, n=203) according to fundus examination findings, and the DR group was further divided into non-proliferative retinopathy group (NPDR, n=182) and proliferative retinopathy group (PDR, n=21). Baseline data of patients were collected, and the fibrinogen to albumin ratio (FAR) and neutrophil to lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were calculated to analyze the correlation between FAR and NLR and type 2 diabetic retinopathy.Results: The FAR and NLR were significantly higher in the DR group compared with the NDR group (both P < 0.001). Spearman correlation analysis showed that FAR was positively correlated with NLR and DR (P < 0.05). As the FAR quartile increased, the prevalence of DR increased (14.8%, 16.7%, 25.1%, and 43.30%, respectively; P < 0.05). Multifactorial logistic regression analysis showed that FAR, diabetic course, systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) were risk factors for the development of DR in patients with T2DM. The area under the ROC curve for FAR to predict DR progression was 0.708, with an optimal critical value of 7.04, and the area under the ROC curve for diabetes duration and SBP to predict DR was 0.705 and 0.588, respectively.Conclusion: Our findings show for the first time that FAR is an independent risk factor for assessing DR in patients with type 2 diabetes.Keywords: fibrinogen to albumin ratio, type 2 diabetes mellitus, diabetic retinopathy, inflammation, influencing factorshttps://www.dovepress.com/the-ratio-of-fibrinogen-to-albumin-is-related-to-the-occurrence-of-ret-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSOfibrinogen to albumin ratiotype 2 diabetes mellitusdiabetic retinopathyinflammationinfluencing factors |
| spellingShingle | Chen X Zhao J You Y Li Z Chen S The Ratio of Fibrinogen to Albumin is Related to the Occurrence of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity fibrinogen to albumin ratio type 2 diabetes mellitus diabetic retinopathy inflammation influencing factors |
| title | The Ratio of Fibrinogen to Albumin is Related to the Occurrence of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients |
| title_full | The Ratio of Fibrinogen to Albumin is Related to the Occurrence of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients |
| title_fullStr | The Ratio of Fibrinogen to Albumin is Related to the Occurrence of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients |
| title_full_unstemmed | The Ratio of Fibrinogen to Albumin is Related to the Occurrence of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients |
| title_short | The Ratio of Fibrinogen to Albumin is Related to the Occurrence of Retinopathy in Type 2 Diabetic Patients |
| title_sort | ratio of fibrinogen to albumin is related to the occurrence of retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients |
| topic | fibrinogen to albumin ratio type 2 diabetes mellitus diabetic retinopathy inflammation influencing factors |
| url | https://www.dovepress.com/the-ratio-of-fibrinogen-to-albumin-is-related-to-the-occurrence-of-ret-peer-reviewed-fulltext-article-DMSO |
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