Next-Generation Sequencing of Four Mitochondrial Genomes of <i>Dolichovespula</i> (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) with a Phylogenetic Analysis and Divergence Time Estimation of Vespidae
The wasp genus <i>Dolichovespula</i> (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae) is a eusocial wasp group. Due to the taxonomic and phylogenetic issues with the family Vespidae, more genetic data should be gathered to provide efficient approaches for precise molecular identification. For this work...
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MDPI AG
2022-11-01
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| Series: | Animals |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/21/3004 |
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| author | Hang Wang Qian Wen Tongfei Wang Fanrong Ran Meng Wang Xulei Fan Shujun Wei Zhonghu Li Jiangli Tan |
| author_facet | Hang Wang Qian Wen Tongfei Wang Fanrong Ran Meng Wang Xulei Fan Shujun Wei Zhonghu Li Jiangli Tan |
| author_sort | Hang Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The wasp genus <i>Dolichovespula</i> (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae) is a eusocial wasp group. Due to the taxonomic and phylogenetic issues with the family Vespidae, more genetic data should be gathered to provide efficient approaches for precise molecular identification. For this work, we used next-generation sequencing (also known as high-throughput sequencing) to sequence the mitochondrial genomes (mtgenomes) of four <i>Dolichovespula</i> species, viz. <i>D. flora</i>, <i>D. lama</i>, <i>D. saxonica</i>, and <i>D. xanthicincta</i> 16,064 bp, 16,011 bp, 15,682 bp, and 15,941 bp in length, respectively. The mitochondrial genes of the four species are rearranged. The A + T content of each mtgenome is more than 80%, with a control region (A + T-rich region), 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes. There are 7 to 11 more genes on the majority strands than on the minority strands. Using Bayesian inference and Maximum-Likelihood methodologies as well as data from other species available on GenBank, phylogenetic trees and relationship assessments in the genus <i>Dolichovespula</i> and the family Vespidae were generated. The two fossil-based calibration dates were used to estimate the origin of eusociality and the divergence time of clades in the family Vespidae. The divergence times indicate that the latest common ancestor of the family Vespidae appeared around 106 million years ago (Ma). The subfamily Stenogastrinae diverged from other Vespidae at about 99 Ma, the subfamily Eumeninae at around 95 Ma, and the subfamily Polistinae and Vespinae diverged at approximately 42 Ma. The genus <i>Dolichovespula</i> is thought to have originated around 25 Ma. The origin and distribution pattern of the genus <i>Dolichovespula</i> are briefly discussed. |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T19:20:23Z |
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| spelling | doaj.art-b733d2a03c7841938ac2d1533b4f3a292023-11-24T03:25:26ZengMDPI AGAnimals2076-26152022-11-011221300410.3390/ani12213004Next-Generation Sequencing of Four Mitochondrial Genomes of <i>Dolichovespula</i> (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) with a Phylogenetic Analysis and Divergence Time Estimation of VespidaeHang Wang0Qian Wen1Tongfei Wang2Fanrong Ran3Meng Wang4Xulei Fan5Shujun Wei6Zhonghu Li7Jiangli Tan8Shaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation/Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi’an 710069, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation/Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi’an 710069, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation/Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi’an 710069, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation/Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi’an 710069, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation/Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi’an 710069, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation/Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi’an 710069, ChinaInstitute of Plant Protection, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing 100097, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation/Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi’an 710069, ChinaShaanxi Key Laboratory for Animal Conservation/Key Laboratory of Resource Biology and Biotechnology in Western China, College of Life Sciences, Northwest University, 229 North Taibai Road, Xi’an 710069, ChinaThe wasp genus <i>Dolichovespula</i> (Hymenoptera: Vespidae: Vespinae) is a eusocial wasp group. Due to the taxonomic and phylogenetic issues with the family Vespidae, more genetic data should be gathered to provide efficient approaches for precise molecular identification. For this work, we used next-generation sequencing (also known as high-throughput sequencing) to sequence the mitochondrial genomes (mtgenomes) of four <i>Dolichovespula</i> species, viz. <i>D. flora</i>, <i>D. lama</i>, <i>D. saxonica</i>, and <i>D. xanthicincta</i> 16,064 bp, 16,011 bp, 15,682 bp, and 15,941 bp in length, respectively. The mitochondrial genes of the four species are rearranged. The A + T content of each mtgenome is more than 80%, with a control region (A + T-rich region), 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNA genes, and two rRNA genes. There are 7 to 11 more genes on the majority strands than on the minority strands. Using Bayesian inference and Maximum-Likelihood methodologies as well as data from other species available on GenBank, phylogenetic trees and relationship assessments in the genus <i>Dolichovespula</i> and the family Vespidae were generated. The two fossil-based calibration dates were used to estimate the origin of eusociality and the divergence time of clades in the family Vespidae. The divergence times indicate that the latest common ancestor of the family Vespidae appeared around 106 million years ago (Ma). The subfamily Stenogastrinae diverged from other Vespidae at about 99 Ma, the subfamily Eumeninae at around 95 Ma, and the subfamily Polistinae and Vespinae diverged at approximately 42 Ma. The genus <i>Dolichovespula</i> is thought to have originated around 25 Ma. The origin and distribution pattern of the genus <i>Dolichovespula</i> are briefly discussed.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/21/3004high-throughput sequencingmtDNAphylogenyevolutionary historyinsect |
| spellingShingle | Hang Wang Qian Wen Tongfei Wang Fanrong Ran Meng Wang Xulei Fan Shujun Wei Zhonghu Li Jiangli Tan Next-Generation Sequencing of Four Mitochondrial Genomes of <i>Dolichovespula</i> (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) with a Phylogenetic Analysis and Divergence Time Estimation of Vespidae Animals high-throughput sequencing mtDNA phylogeny evolutionary history insect |
| title | Next-Generation Sequencing of Four Mitochondrial Genomes of <i>Dolichovespula</i> (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) with a Phylogenetic Analysis and Divergence Time Estimation of Vespidae |
| title_full | Next-Generation Sequencing of Four Mitochondrial Genomes of <i>Dolichovespula</i> (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) with a Phylogenetic Analysis and Divergence Time Estimation of Vespidae |
| title_fullStr | Next-Generation Sequencing of Four Mitochondrial Genomes of <i>Dolichovespula</i> (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) with a Phylogenetic Analysis and Divergence Time Estimation of Vespidae |
| title_full_unstemmed | Next-Generation Sequencing of Four Mitochondrial Genomes of <i>Dolichovespula</i> (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) with a Phylogenetic Analysis and Divergence Time Estimation of Vespidae |
| title_short | Next-Generation Sequencing of Four Mitochondrial Genomes of <i>Dolichovespula</i> (Hymenoptera: Vespidae) with a Phylogenetic Analysis and Divergence Time Estimation of Vespidae |
| title_sort | next generation sequencing of four mitochondrial genomes of i dolichovespula i hymenoptera vespidae with a phylogenetic analysis and divergence time estimation of vespidae |
| topic | high-throughput sequencing mtDNA phylogeny evolutionary history insect |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2615/12/21/3004 |
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