Is the NH4+-induced growth inhibition caused by the NH4+ form of the nitrogen source or by soil acidification?
Soil acidification often occurs when the concentration of ammonium (NH4+) in soil rises, such as that observed in farmland. Both soil acidification and excess NH4+ have serious adverse effects on crop growth and food production. However, we still do not know which of these two inhibitors has a great...
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Plant Science |
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| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.968707/full |
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| author | Feng Wang Qiang Wang Qiaogang Yu Jing Ye Jingwen Gao Haitian Liu Jean W. H. Yong Jean W. H. Yong Yijun Yu Xiaoxia Liu Haimin Kong Xinhua He Xinhua He Junwei Ma |
| author_facet | Feng Wang Qiang Wang Qiaogang Yu Jing Ye Jingwen Gao Haitian Liu Jean W. H. Yong Jean W. H. Yong Yijun Yu Xiaoxia Liu Haimin Kong Xinhua He Xinhua He Junwei Ma |
| author_sort | Feng Wang |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Soil acidification often occurs when the concentration of ammonium (NH4+) in soil rises, such as that observed in farmland. Both soil acidification and excess NH4+ have serious adverse effects on crop growth and food production. However, we still do not know which of these two inhibitors has a greater impact on the growth of crops, and the degree of their inhibitory effect on crop growth have not been accurately evaluated. 31 wheat cultivars originating in various areas of China were planted under 5 mM sole NH4+ (ammonium nitrogen, AN) or nitrate nitrogen in combined with two pH levels resembling acidified conditions (5.0 and 6.5). The results showed that the shoots and roots biomass were severely reduced by AN in both and these reduction effects were strengthened by a low medium pH. The concentration of free NH4+ and amino acids, the glutamine synthetase activity were significantly higher, but the total soluble sugar content was reduced under NH4+ conditions, and the glutamine synthetase activity was reduced by a low medium pH. Cultivar variance was responsible for the largest proportion of the total variance in plant dry weight, leaf area, nodal root number, total root length and root volume; the nitrogen (N) form explains most of the variation in N and C metabolism; the effects of pH were the greatest for plant height and root average diameter. So, soil acidification and excess NH4+ would cause different degrees of inhibition effects on different plant tissues. The findings are expected to be useful for applying effective strategies for reducing NH4+ stress in the field. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:08:15Z |
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| id | doaj.art-b7383a321e3047b4bc8f542d9b36cc92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-462X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-12T23:08:15Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
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| series | Frontiers in Plant Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7383a321e3047b4bc8f542d9b36cc922022-12-22T03:12:51ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Plant Science1664-462X2022-09-011310.3389/fpls.2022.968707968707Is the NH4+-induced growth inhibition caused by the NH4+ form of the nitrogen source or by soil acidification?Feng Wang0Qiang Wang1Qiaogang Yu2Jing Ye3Jingwen Gao4Haitian Liu5Jean W. H. Yong6Jean W. H. Yong7Yijun Yu8Xiaoxia Liu9Haimin Kong10Xinhua He11Xinhua He12Junwei Ma13Institute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, ChinaInstitute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, ChinaInstitute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, ChinaInstitute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, ChinaInstitute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, ChinaInstitute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, ChinaDepartment of Biosystems and Technology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Alnarp, SwedenSchool of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AustraliaArable Soil Quality and Fertilizer Administration Station of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, ChinaArable Soil Quality and Fertilizer Administration Station of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, ChinaArable Soil Quality and Fertilizer Administration Station of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, ChinaSchool of Biological Sciences, The University of Western Australia, Perth, WA, AustraliaCentre of Excellence for Soil Biology, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing, ChinaInstitute of Environmental Resources and Soil Fertilizers, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, ChinaSoil acidification often occurs when the concentration of ammonium (NH4+) in soil rises, such as that observed in farmland. Both soil acidification and excess NH4+ have serious adverse effects on crop growth and food production. However, we still do not know which of these two inhibitors has a greater impact on the growth of crops, and the degree of their inhibitory effect on crop growth have not been accurately evaluated. 31 wheat cultivars originating in various areas of China were planted under 5 mM sole NH4+ (ammonium nitrogen, AN) or nitrate nitrogen in combined with two pH levels resembling acidified conditions (5.0 and 6.5). The results showed that the shoots and roots biomass were severely reduced by AN in both and these reduction effects were strengthened by a low medium pH. The concentration of free NH4+ and amino acids, the glutamine synthetase activity were significantly higher, but the total soluble sugar content was reduced under NH4+ conditions, and the glutamine synthetase activity was reduced by a low medium pH. Cultivar variance was responsible for the largest proportion of the total variance in plant dry weight, leaf area, nodal root number, total root length and root volume; the nitrogen (N) form explains most of the variation in N and C metabolism; the effects of pH were the greatest for plant height and root average diameter. So, soil acidification and excess NH4+ would cause different degrees of inhibition effects on different plant tissues. The findings are expected to be useful for applying effective strategies for reducing NH4+ stress in the field.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.968707/fullsoil acidificationammonium stressnitrogen assimilationwheat growthnatural variation |
| spellingShingle | Feng Wang Qiang Wang Qiaogang Yu Jing Ye Jingwen Gao Haitian Liu Jean W. H. Yong Jean W. H. Yong Yijun Yu Xiaoxia Liu Haimin Kong Xinhua He Xinhua He Junwei Ma Is the NH4+-induced growth inhibition caused by the NH4+ form of the nitrogen source or by soil acidification? Frontiers in Plant Science soil acidification ammonium stress nitrogen assimilation wheat growth natural variation |
| title | Is the NH4+-induced growth inhibition caused by the NH4+ form of the nitrogen source or by soil acidification? |
| title_full | Is the NH4+-induced growth inhibition caused by the NH4+ form of the nitrogen source or by soil acidification? |
| title_fullStr | Is the NH4+-induced growth inhibition caused by the NH4+ form of the nitrogen source or by soil acidification? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Is the NH4+-induced growth inhibition caused by the NH4+ form of the nitrogen source or by soil acidification? |
| title_short | Is the NH4+-induced growth inhibition caused by the NH4+ form of the nitrogen source or by soil acidification? |
| title_sort | is the nh4 induced growth inhibition caused by the nh4 form of the nitrogen source or by soil acidification |
| topic | soil acidification ammonium stress nitrogen assimilation wheat growth natural variation |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpls.2022.968707/full |
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