Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility
Cell spreading and motility on an adhesive substrate are driven by the active physical forces generated by the actin cytoskeleton. We have recently shown that coupling curved membrane complexes to protrusive forces, exerted by the actin polymerization that they recruit, provides a mechanism that can...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Frontiers Media S.A.
2023-05-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2023.1193793/full |
| _version_ | 1797815191381999616 |
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| author | Shubhadeep Sadhukhan Samo Penič Aleš Iglič Aleš Iglič Nir S. Gov |
| author_facet | Shubhadeep Sadhukhan Samo Penič Aleš Iglič Aleš Iglič Nir S. Gov |
| author_sort | Shubhadeep Sadhukhan |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Cell spreading and motility on an adhesive substrate are driven by the active physical forces generated by the actin cytoskeleton. We have recently shown that coupling curved membrane complexes to protrusive forces, exerted by the actin polymerization that they recruit, provides a mechanism that can give rise to spontaneous membrane shapes and patterns. In the presence of an adhesive substrate, this model was shown to give rise to an emergent motile phenotype, resembling a motile cell. Here, we utilize this “minimal-cell” model to explore the impact of external shear flow on the cell shape and migration on a uniform adhesive flat substrate. We find that in the presence of shear the motile cell reorients such that its leading edge, where the curved active proteins aggregate, faces the shear flow. The flow-facing configuration is found to minimize the adhesion energy by allowing the cell to spread more efficiently over the substrate. For the non-motile vesicle shapes, we find that they mostly slide and roll with the shear flow. We compare these theoretical results with experimental observations, and suggest that the tendency of many cell types to move against the flow may arise from the very general, and non-cell-type-specific mechanism predicted by our model. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:18:58Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7405da058c245c885d29526130f9060 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2296-634X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:18:58Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7405da058c245c885d29526130f90602023-05-31T12:38:13ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology2296-634X2023-05-011110.3389/fcell.2023.11937931193793Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motilityShubhadeep Sadhukhan0Samo Penič1Aleš Iglič2Aleš Iglič3Nir S. Gov4Department of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IsraelLaboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaLaboratory of Physics, Faculty of Electrical Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaLaboratory of Clinical Biophysics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, SloveniaDepartment of Chemical and Biological Physics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, IsraelCell spreading and motility on an adhesive substrate are driven by the active physical forces generated by the actin cytoskeleton. We have recently shown that coupling curved membrane complexes to protrusive forces, exerted by the actin polymerization that they recruit, provides a mechanism that can give rise to spontaneous membrane shapes and patterns. In the presence of an adhesive substrate, this model was shown to give rise to an emergent motile phenotype, resembling a motile cell. Here, we utilize this “minimal-cell” model to explore the impact of external shear flow on the cell shape and migration on a uniform adhesive flat substrate. We find that in the presence of shear the motile cell reorients such that its leading edge, where the curved active proteins aggregate, faces the shear flow. The flow-facing configuration is found to minimize the adhesion energy by allowing the cell to spread more efficiently over the substrate. For the non-motile vesicle shapes, we find that they mostly slide and roll with the shear flow. We compare these theoretical results with experimental observations, and suggest that the tendency of many cell types to move against the flow may arise from the very general, and non-cell-type-specific mechanism predicted by our model.https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2023.1193793/fullcell motilitycytoskeletonshear flowadhesioncurved membrane protein |
| spellingShingle | Shubhadeep Sadhukhan Samo Penič Aleš Iglič Aleš Iglič Nir S. Gov Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology cell motility cytoskeleton shear flow adhesion curved membrane protein |
| title | Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility |
| title_full | Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility |
| title_fullStr | Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility |
| title_full_unstemmed | Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility |
| title_short | Modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility |
| title_sort | modelling how curved active proteins and shear flow pattern cellular shape and motility |
| topic | cell motility cytoskeleton shear flow adhesion curved membrane protein |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fcell.2023.1193793/full |
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