Rheological Behavior and Characterization of Drinking Water Treatment Sludge from Morocco
Drinking water treatment generates a high amount of pasty by-product known as drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS). The chemical composition, microstructure and rheological behavior of DWTS are of utmost importance in the calculation, design, optimization, commissioning and control of its treatmen...
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Clean Technologies |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8797/5/1/15 |
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| author | Fantasse Azeddine Parra Angarita Sergio Léonard Angélique Lakhal El Khadir Idlimam Ali Bougayr El Houssayne |
| author_facet | Fantasse Azeddine Parra Angarita Sergio Léonard Angélique Lakhal El Khadir Idlimam Ali Bougayr El Houssayne |
| author_sort | Fantasse Azeddine |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Drinking water treatment generates a high amount of pasty by-product known as drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS). The chemical composition, microstructure and rheological behavior of DWTS are of utmost importance in the calculation, design, optimization, commissioning and control of its treatment processes. The purpose of this research was to characterize the DWTS from the drinking water treatment plant of Marrakech (Morocco), aiming to help future researchers and engineers in predicting its hydrodynamic behavior. The first part of this study was devoted to the physical structure and the chemical composition of sludge. The second part was oriented towards the study of the mechanical properties; a penetration test and a rotational rheology test were performed. For the first test, a force–length penetration diagram was plotted in order to calculate the hardness, the cohesiveness and the adhesiveness of DWTS. For the second test, the shear stress and the apparent viscosity were plotted and fitted to five rheological models, as function of the shear rate, aiming to describe the rheological behavior of samples. The obtained results reveal that the drinking water treatment sludge from Marrakech is a porous, amorphous and highly adhesive material, with a shear-thinning (pseudoplastic) rheological behavior that can be described according to the Herschel–Bulkley model (better in low-rate stresses, R² = 0.98) or the Windhad model (better in high shear rates, R² = 0.96) and is mainly composed of silica, aluminum and iron oxides. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:44:00Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b756030fcf184b4da639736c9dd943f4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-8797 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:44:00Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Clean Technologies |
| spelling | doaj.art-b756030fcf184b4da639736c9dd943f42023-11-17T10:23:55ZengMDPI AGClean Technologies2571-87972023-02-015125927310.3390/cleantechnol5010015Rheological Behavior and Characterization of Drinking Water Treatment Sludge from MoroccoFantasse Azeddine0Parra Angarita Sergio1Léonard Angélique2Lakhal El Khadir3Idlimam Ali4Bougayr El Houssayne5Chemical Engineering Research Unit, PEPs, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, BelgiumChemical Engineering Research Unit, PEPs, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, BelgiumChemical Engineering Research Unit, PEPs, University of Liège, 4000 Liège, BelgiumLaboratory of Fluid Mechanics and Energetics (LMFE), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, MoroccoTeam of Solar Energy and Medicinal Plants EESPAM, Teacher’s Training College, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh 40000, MoroccoEngineering & Applied Technologies Laboratory (LITA), Higher School of Technology—Beni Mellal, Sultan Moulay Slimane University, Beni-Mellal 23000, MoroccoDrinking water treatment generates a high amount of pasty by-product known as drinking water treatment sludge (DWTS). The chemical composition, microstructure and rheological behavior of DWTS are of utmost importance in the calculation, design, optimization, commissioning and control of its treatment processes. The purpose of this research was to characterize the DWTS from the drinking water treatment plant of Marrakech (Morocco), aiming to help future researchers and engineers in predicting its hydrodynamic behavior. The first part of this study was devoted to the physical structure and the chemical composition of sludge. The second part was oriented towards the study of the mechanical properties; a penetration test and a rotational rheology test were performed. For the first test, a force–length penetration diagram was plotted in order to calculate the hardness, the cohesiveness and the adhesiveness of DWTS. For the second test, the shear stress and the apparent viscosity were plotted and fitted to five rheological models, as function of the shear rate, aiming to describe the rheological behavior of samples. The obtained results reveal that the drinking water treatment sludge from Marrakech is a porous, amorphous and highly adhesive material, with a shear-thinning (pseudoplastic) rheological behavior that can be described according to the Herschel–Bulkley model (better in low-rate stresses, R² = 0.98) or the Windhad model (better in high shear rates, R² = 0.96) and is mainly composed of silica, aluminum and iron oxides.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8797/5/1/15drinking water treatment sludgerheologytexturechemical characterizationwaste management |
| spellingShingle | Fantasse Azeddine Parra Angarita Sergio Léonard Angélique Lakhal El Khadir Idlimam Ali Bougayr El Houssayne Rheological Behavior and Characterization of Drinking Water Treatment Sludge from Morocco Clean Technologies drinking water treatment sludge rheology texture chemical characterization waste management |
| title | Rheological Behavior and Characterization of Drinking Water Treatment Sludge from Morocco |
| title_full | Rheological Behavior and Characterization of Drinking Water Treatment Sludge from Morocco |
| title_fullStr | Rheological Behavior and Characterization of Drinking Water Treatment Sludge from Morocco |
| title_full_unstemmed | Rheological Behavior and Characterization of Drinking Water Treatment Sludge from Morocco |
| title_short | Rheological Behavior and Characterization of Drinking Water Treatment Sludge from Morocco |
| title_sort | rheological behavior and characterization of drinking water treatment sludge from morocco |
| topic | drinking water treatment sludge rheology texture chemical characterization waste management |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-8797/5/1/15 |
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