Regulation of Prolactin Release at the End Stage of Chicken Embryogenesis
Difference of onset of increase of PRL content in the anterior pituitary gland and plasma PRL concentration during the late stage of chicken embryogenesis is well known. To investigate the disagreement, changes in PRL content and PRL mRNA levels, and the effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptides...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Japan Poultry Science Association
2022-10-01
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| Series: | The Journal of Poultry Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpsa/59/4/59_0220023/_article/-char/en |
| _version_ | 1797817451259363328 |
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| author | Norio Kansaku Shin Wakui Tomohiro Sasanami Takeshi Ohkubo |
| author_facet | Norio Kansaku Shin Wakui Tomohiro Sasanami Takeshi Ohkubo |
| author_sort | Norio Kansaku |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Difference of onset of increase of PRL content in the anterior pituitary gland and plasma PRL concentration during the late stage of chicken embryogenesis is well known. To investigate the disagreement, changes in PRL content and PRL mRNA levels, and the effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptides (VIP) on PRL release and PRL mRNA expression were examined using western blot analysis and real-time PCR quantification. Changes in SPRL content were strongly correlated with PRL mRNA levels. The increase in PRL content on day 17 of incubation may be caused by the increase in PRL mRNA levels on day 16 of incubation. Additionally, the effects of VIP on PRL release from the embryonic anterior pituitary gland were not observed until day 18 of embryogenesis. These results suggest that increased levels of PRL mRNA and PRL content in the anterior pituitary gland are closely correlated. However, the increased expression of PRL mRNA observed on day 17 and the initiation of PRL release from the anterior pituitary gland on day 19 were differentially regulated. According to the results of western blot analysis, the proportion of glycosylated PRL (G-PRL) and non-glycosylated PRL (NG-PRL) in the anterior pituitary gland at the end stage of development differed from the proportion of PRL released from the anterior pituitary gland. According to the results of two-dimensional western blot analysis, no isoforms with different isoelectric points were detected in the culture medium on days 19 and 20. These data suggest that the peptide chains of G-PRL and NG-PRL were not modified. In conclusion, the differentiation of PRL-producing cells and the maturation of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland were completed at the end stage of incubation, and that different factors regulated the initiation of PRL mRNA expression before day 18 of incubation. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:53:36Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7571f48955e4daf856b9b1eff95ffcb |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1349-0486 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T08:53:36Z |
| publishDate | 2022-10-01 |
| publisher | Japan Poultry Science Association |
| record_format | Article |
| series | The Journal of Poultry Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7571f48955e4daf856b9b1eff95ffcb2023-05-29T07:14:50ZengJapan Poultry Science AssociationThe Journal of Poultry Science1349-04862022-10-01594364370https://doi.org/10.2141/jpsa.0220023Regulation of Prolactin Release at the End Stage of Chicken EmbryogenesisNorio Kansaku0Shin Wakui1Tomohiro Sasanami2Takeshi Ohkubo3Department of Animal Science and Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu UniversityDepartment of Animal Science and Biotechnology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Azabu UniversityDepartment of Applied Biological Chemistry, Graduate School of Agriculture, Shizuoka UniversityCollege of Agriculture, Ibaraki UniversityDifference of onset of increase of PRL content in the anterior pituitary gland and plasma PRL concentration during the late stage of chicken embryogenesis is well known. To investigate the disagreement, changes in PRL content and PRL mRNA levels, and the effects of vasoactive intestinal polypeptides (VIP) on PRL release and PRL mRNA expression were examined using western blot analysis and real-time PCR quantification. Changes in SPRL content were strongly correlated with PRL mRNA levels. The increase in PRL content on day 17 of incubation may be caused by the increase in PRL mRNA levels on day 16 of incubation. Additionally, the effects of VIP on PRL release from the embryonic anterior pituitary gland were not observed until day 18 of embryogenesis. These results suggest that increased levels of PRL mRNA and PRL content in the anterior pituitary gland are closely correlated. However, the increased expression of PRL mRNA observed on day 17 and the initiation of PRL release from the anterior pituitary gland on day 19 were differentially regulated. According to the results of western blot analysis, the proportion of glycosylated PRL (G-PRL) and non-glycosylated PRL (NG-PRL) in the anterior pituitary gland at the end stage of development differed from the proportion of PRL released from the anterior pituitary gland. According to the results of two-dimensional western blot analysis, no isoforms with different isoelectric points were detected in the culture medium on days 19 and 20. These data suggest that the peptide chains of G-PRL and NG-PRL were not modified. In conclusion, the differentiation of PRL-producing cells and the maturation of the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary gland were completed at the end stage of incubation, and that different factors regulated the initiation of PRL mRNA expression before day 18 of incubation.https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpsa/59/4/59_0220023/_article/-char/enanterior pituitary glandprolactinvasoactive intestinal polypeptide |
| spellingShingle | Norio Kansaku Shin Wakui Tomohiro Sasanami Takeshi Ohkubo Regulation of Prolactin Release at the End Stage of Chicken Embryogenesis The Journal of Poultry Science anterior pituitary gland prolactin vasoactive intestinal polypeptide |
| title | Regulation of Prolactin Release at the End Stage of Chicken Embryogenesis |
| title_full | Regulation of Prolactin Release at the End Stage of Chicken Embryogenesis |
| title_fullStr | Regulation of Prolactin Release at the End Stage of Chicken Embryogenesis |
| title_full_unstemmed | Regulation of Prolactin Release at the End Stage of Chicken Embryogenesis |
| title_short | Regulation of Prolactin Release at the End Stage of Chicken Embryogenesis |
| title_sort | regulation of prolactin release at the end stage of chicken embryogenesis |
| topic | anterior pituitary gland prolactin vasoactive intestinal polypeptide |
| url | https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/jpsa/59/4/59_0220023/_article/-char/en |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT noriokansaku regulationofprolactinreleaseattheendstageofchickenembryogenesis AT shinwakui regulationofprolactinreleaseattheendstageofchickenembryogenesis AT tomohirosasanami regulationofprolactinreleaseattheendstageofchickenembryogenesis AT takeshiohkubo regulationofprolactinreleaseattheendstageofchickenembryogenesis |