Social withdrawal behaviour in Nepalese infants and the relationship with future neurodevelopment; a longitudinal cohort study
Abstract Background Social withdrawal in infants may be a signal of distress and a precursor for non-optimal development. Objective To examine the relationship between infant social withdrawal and neurodevelopment up to 4 years in Nepalese children. Methods A total of 597 Nepalese infants 6–11 month...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2024-03-01
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| Series: | BMC Pediatrics |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-04658-6 |
| _version_ | 1797247018969595904 |
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| author | Ingrid Kvestad Manjeswori Ulak Suman Ranjitkar Merina Shrestha Ram K. Chandyo Antoine Guedeney Hanne C. Braarud Mari Hysing Tor A. Strand |
| author_facet | Ingrid Kvestad Manjeswori Ulak Suman Ranjitkar Merina Shrestha Ram K. Chandyo Antoine Guedeney Hanne C. Braarud Mari Hysing Tor A. Strand |
| author_sort | Ingrid Kvestad |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Abstract Background Social withdrawal in infants may be a signal of distress and a precursor for non-optimal development. Objective To examine the relationship between infant social withdrawal and neurodevelopment up to 4 years in Nepalese children. Methods A total of 597 Nepalese infants 6–11 months old were assessed with the modified Alarm Distress Baby Scale (m-ADBB), and of these, 527 with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd edition (Bayley-III) during early childhood, and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-IV) and NEPSY-II subtests at 4 years. We examined whether social withdrawal defined by the m-ADBB was associated with neurodevelopmental scores in regression models. Results Children socially withdrawn in infancy had lower Bayley-III language scores (-2.6 (95% CI -4.5, -0.7)) in early childhood. This association seems to be driven by the expressive communication subscale (-0.7 (95% CI -1.0, -0.3)), but not the receptive communication subscale (-0.2 (95% CI -0.6, 0.1)). There were no differences in the other Bayley-III scores or the WPPSI-IV and NEPSY-II scores at 4 years in children who were socially withdrawn or not. Conclusion Social withdrawal in infancy was reflected in early language development but not cognitive functioning at 4 years. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:52:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b758e41dda0144ddab119dfe351a847e |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2431 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-24T19:52:02Z |
| publishDate | 2024-03-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Pediatrics |
| spelling | doaj.art-b758e41dda0144ddab119dfe351a847e2024-03-24T12:34:13ZengBMCBMC Pediatrics1471-24312024-03-012411810.1186/s12887-024-04658-6Social withdrawal behaviour in Nepalese infants and the relationship with future neurodevelopment; a longitudinal cohort studyIngrid Kvestad0Manjeswori Ulak1Suman Ranjitkar2Merina Shrestha3Ram K. Chandyo4Antoine Guedeney5Hanne C. Braarud6Mari Hysing7Tor A. Strand8Regional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research CentreCentre for International Health, University of BergenDepartment of Pediatrics, Institute of Medicine, Child Health Research Project, Tribhuvan UniversityDepartment of Pediatrics, Institute of Medicine, Child Health Research Project, Tribhuvan UniversityDepartment of Community Medicine, Kathmandu Medical CollegeUniversity Paris CitéRegional Centre for Child and Youth Mental Health and Child Welfare, NORCE Norwegian Research CentreDepartment of Psychosocial Science, Faculty of Psychology, University of BergenDepartment of Research, Innlandet Hospital TrustAbstract Background Social withdrawal in infants may be a signal of distress and a precursor for non-optimal development. Objective To examine the relationship between infant social withdrawal and neurodevelopment up to 4 years in Nepalese children. Methods A total of 597 Nepalese infants 6–11 months old were assessed with the modified Alarm Distress Baby Scale (m-ADBB), and of these, 527 with the Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development 3rd edition (Bayley-III) during early childhood, and the Wechsler Preschool and Primary Scale of Intelligence (WPPSI-IV) and NEPSY-II subtests at 4 years. We examined whether social withdrawal defined by the m-ADBB was associated with neurodevelopmental scores in regression models. Results Children socially withdrawn in infancy had lower Bayley-III language scores (-2.6 (95% CI -4.5, -0.7)) in early childhood. This association seems to be driven by the expressive communication subscale (-0.7 (95% CI -1.0, -0.3)), but not the receptive communication subscale (-0.2 (95% CI -0.6, 0.1)). There were no differences in the other Bayley-III scores or the WPPSI-IV and NEPSY-II scores at 4 years in children who were socially withdrawn or not. Conclusion Social withdrawal in infancy was reflected in early language development but not cognitive functioning at 4 years.https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-04658-6Early child developmentInfant social withdrawalNepalese infants |
| spellingShingle | Ingrid Kvestad Manjeswori Ulak Suman Ranjitkar Merina Shrestha Ram K. Chandyo Antoine Guedeney Hanne C. Braarud Mari Hysing Tor A. Strand Social withdrawal behaviour in Nepalese infants and the relationship with future neurodevelopment; a longitudinal cohort study BMC Pediatrics Early child development Infant social withdrawal Nepalese infants |
| title | Social withdrawal behaviour in Nepalese infants and the relationship with future neurodevelopment; a longitudinal cohort study |
| title_full | Social withdrawal behaviour in Nepalese infants and the relationship with future neurodevelopment; a longitudinal cohort study |
| title_fullStr | Social withdrawal behaviour in Nepalese infants and the relationship with future neurodevelopment; a longitudinal cohort study |
| title_full_unstemmed | Social withdrawal behaviour in Nepalese infants and the relationship with future neurodevelopment; a longitudinal cohort study |
| title_short | Social withdrawal behaviour in Nepalese infants and the relationship with future neurodevelopment; a longitudinal cohort study |
| title_sort | social withdrawal behaviour in nepalese infants and the relationship with future neurodevelopment a longitudinal cohort study |
| topic | Early child development Infant social withdrawal Nepalese infants |
| url | https://doi.org/10.1186/s12887-024-04658-6 |
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