Electronic Structures and Photovoltaic Properties of Copper-, Sodium- and Ethylammonium-Added CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Compound
Copper, alkali metals, and organic cations were added to perovskite precursor solutions to enhance the photovoltaic conversion properties and durability of perovskite solar cells. Device properties were improved by the co-addition of copper and sodium. The enhancement of open-circuit voltage by brom...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
MDPI AG
2022-12-01
|
| Series: | Engineering Proceedings |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/31/1/29 |
| _version_ | 1797594954559651840 |
|---|---|
| author | Riku Okumura Takeo Oku Atsushi Suzuki Masanobu Okita Sakiko Fukunishi Tomoharu Tachikawa Tomoya Hasegawa |
| author_facet | Riku Okumura Takeo Oku Atsushi Suzuki Masanobu Okita Sakiko Fukunishi Tomoharu Tachikawa Tomoya Hasegawa |
| author_sort | Riku Okumura |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Copper, alkali metals, and organic cations were added to perovskite precursor solutions to enhance the photovoltaic conversion properties and durability of perovskite solar cells. Device properties were improved by the co-addition of copper and sodium. The enhancement of open-circuit voltage by bromine substitution also contributed to the improvement of conversion efficiency. First-principles calculations indicated that the energy levels derived from the Cu d orbital would function as an acceptor level. While the conversion efficiency of the device increased, the durability of the device decreased. Considering the results of the first-principles calculation, the decrease in device durability was attributed to the instability of the crystal structure due to the Cu and sodium substitutions. To enhance the crystal stability, ethylammonium was introduced as a stable organic cation, and the addition of ethylammonium to the perovskite precursor solution significantly enhanced the device’s durability while maintaining conversion efficiency. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:31:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b76dce604df947978349347a51d4eea2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2673-4591 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:31:02Z |
| publishDate | 2022-12-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Engineering Proceedings |
| spelling | doaj.art-b76dce604df947978349347a51d4eea22023-11-18T10:16:00ZengMDPI AGEngineering Proceedings2673-45912022-12-013112910.3390/ASEC2022-13778Electronic Structures and Photovoltaic Properties of Copper-, Sodium- and Ethylammonium-Added CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite CompoundRiku Okumura0Takeo Oku1Atsushi Suzuki2Masanobu Okita3Sakiko Fukunishi4Tomoharu Tachikawa5Tomoya Hasegawa6Department of Materials Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka, Hikone 522-8533, Shiga, JapanDepartment of Materials Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka, Hikone 522-8533, Shiga, JapanDepartment of Materials Science, The University of Shiga Prefecture, 2500 Hassaka, Hikone 522-8533, Shiga, JapanOsaka Gas Chemicals Co., Ltd., 5-11-61 Torishima, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0051, Osaka, JapanOsaka Gas Chemicals Co., Ltd., 5-11-61 Torishima, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0051, Osaka, JapanOsaka Gas Chemicals Co., Ltd., 5-11-61 Torishima, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0051, Osaka, JapanOsaka Gas Chemicals Co., Ltd., 5-11-61 Torishima, Konohana-ku, Osaka 554-0051, Osaka, JapanCopper, alkali metals, and organic cations were added to perovskite precursor solutions to enhance the photovoltaic conversion properties and durability of perovskite solar cells. Device properties were improved by the co-addition of copper and sodium. The enhancement of open-circuit voltage by bromine substitution also contributed to the improvement of conversion efficiency. First-principles calculations indicated that the energy levels derived from the Cu d orbital would function as an acceptor level. While the conversion efficiency of the device increased, the durability of the device decreased. Considering the results of the first-principles calculation, the decrease in device durability was attributed to the instability of the crystal structure due to the Cu and sodium substitutions. To enhance the crystal stability, ethylammonium was introduced as a stable organic cation, and the addition of ethylammonium to the perovskite precursor solution significantly enhanced the device’s durability while maintaining conversion efficiency.https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/31/1/29coppersodiumethylammoniumfirst-principles calculationsperovskitesolar cell |
| spellingShingle | Riku Okumura Takeo Oku Atsushi Suzuki Masanobu Okita Sakiko Fukunishi Tomoharu Tachikawa Tomoya Hasegawa Electronic Structures and Photovoltaic Properties of Copper-, Sodium- and Ethylammonium-Added CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Compound Engineering Proceedings copper sodium ethylammonium first-principles calculations perovskite solar cell |
| title | Electronic Structures and Photovoltaic Properties of Copper-, Sodium- and Ethylammonium-Added CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Compound |
| title_full | Electronic Structures and Photovoltaic Properties of Copper-, Sodium- and Ethylammonium-Added CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Compound |
| title_fullStr | Electronic Structures and Photovoltaic Properties of Copper-, Sodium- and Ethylammonium-Added CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Compound |
| title_full_unstemmed | Electronic Structures and Photovoltaic Properties of Copper-, Sodium- and Ethylammonium-Added CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Compound |
| title_short | Electronic Structures and Photovoltaic Properties of Copper-, Sodium- and Ethylammonium-Added CH<sub>3</sub>NH<sub>3</sub>PbI<sub>3</sub> Perovskite Compound |
| title_sort | electronic structures and photovoltaic properties of copper sodium and ethylammonium added ch sub 3 sub nh sub 3 sub pbi sub 3 sub perovskite compound |
| topic | copper sodium ethylammonium first-principles calculations perovskite solar cell |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2673-4591/31/1/29 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rikuokumura electronicstructuresandphotovoltaicpropertiesofcoppersodiumandethylammoniumaddedchsub3subnhsub3subpbisub3subperovskitecompound AT takeooku electronicstructuresandphotovoltaicpropertiesofcoppersodiumandethylammoniumaddedchsub3subnhsub3subpbisub3subperovskitecompound AT atsushisuzuki electronicstructuresandphotovoltaicpropertiesofcoppersodiumandethylammoniumaddedchsub3subnhsub3subpbisub3subperovskitecompound AT masanobuokita electronicstructuresandphotovoltaicpropertiesofcoppersodiumandethylammoniumaddedchsub3subnhsub3subpbisub3subperovskitecompound AT sakikofukunishi electronicstructuresandphotovoltaicpropertiesofcoppersodiumandethylammoniumaddedchsub3subnhsub3subpbisub3subperovskitecompound AT tomoharutachikawa electronicstructuresandphotovoltaicpropertiesofcoppersodiumandethylammoniumaddedchsub3subnhsub3subpbisub3subperovskitecompound AT tomoyahasegawa electronicstructuresandphotovoltaicpropertiesofcoppersodiumandethylammoniumaddedchsub3subnhsub3subpbisub3subperovskitecompound |