Mycofabrication of Mycelium-Based Leather from Brown-Rot Fungi
Sustainable substitutes for leather can be made from mushroom mycelium, which is an environmentally friendly alternative to animal and synthetic leather. Mycelium-based leather is derived from Polyporales, in which lignocellulosic material is used as the substrate. The plasticizing and crosslinking...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Journal of Fungi |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/3/317 |
| _version_ | 1797446517047427072 |
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| author | Jegadeesh Raman Da-Song Kim Hyun-Seok Kim Deuk-Sil Oh Hyun-Jae Shin |
| author_facet | Jegadeesh Raman Da-Song Kim Hyun-Seok Kim Deuk-Sil Oh Hyun-Jae Shin |
| author_sort | Jegadeesh Raman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Sustainable substitutes for leather can be made from mushroom mycelium, which is an environmentally friendly alternative to animal and synthetic leather. Mycelium-based leather is derived from Polyporales, in which lignocellulosic material is used as the substrate. The plasticizing and crosslinking of mycelial mats with various reagents might affect the leather properties and mycelial architecture. This study investigated the physicochemical and mechanical properties of mycelium-based leather (MBL) samples, including the hygroscopic nature, thermal stability, cell wall chemistry, density, micromorphology, tensile strength, elongation rate, and Young’s modulus. Micromorphological observations confirmed the mycelial networks and their binding performance, verifying their efficacy as a substitute leather. The most significant effects were observed after treatment with 20% polyethylene glycol, which resulted in an increase in Young’s modulus and tensile strength. Furthermore, the samples generally exhibited a high density (1.35, 1.46 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) and tensile strength (7.21 ± 0.93, 8.49 ± 0.90 MPa), resembling leather. The tear strength reached as low as 0.5–0.8 N/mm. However, the tensile and tear strength may be affected by leather processing and the tuning of mycelial growth. Nevertheless, high-density mycelia are shown to be suitable for the production of MBL, while mycofabrication and strain selection are sustainable for novel industrial applications of MBL. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:41:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b76fb5fd676e4aaeba27a2691ffc0cbf |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2309-608X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T13:41:38Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Fungi |
| spelling | doaj.art-b76fb5fd676e4aaeba27a2691ffc0cbf2023-11-30T21:05:47ZengMDPI AGJournal of Fungi2309-608X2022-03-018331710.3390/jof8030317Mycofabrication of Mycelium-Based Leather from Brown-Rot FungiJegadeesh Raman0Da-Song Kim1Hyun-Seok Kim2Deuk-Sil Oh3Hyun-Jae Shin4Department of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Gyeonggi, KoreaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Gyeonggi, KoreaJeollanam-do Forest Resources Research Institute, 7 Dado-ro, Naju-8213, Sanpo-myeon, Naju 58213, Jeollanam-do, KoreaJeollanam-do Forest Resources Research Institute, 7 Dado-ro, Naju-8213, Sanpo-myeon, Naju 58213, Jeollanam-do, KoreaDepartment of Chemical Engineering, Graduate School of Chosun University, 309 Pilmun-daero, Dong-gu, Gwangju 61452, Gyeonggi, KoreaSustainable substitutes for leather can be made from mushroom mycelium, which is an environmentally friendly alternative to animal and synthetic leather. Mycelium-based leather is derived from Polyporales, in which lignocellulosic material is used as the substrate. The plasticizing and crosslinking of mycelial mats with various reagents might affect the leather properties and mycelial architecture. This study investigated the physicochemical and mechanical properties of mycelium-based leather (MBL) samples, including the hygroscopic nature, thermal stability, cell wall chemistry, density, micromorphology, tensile strength, elongation rate, and Young’s modulus. Micromorphological observations confirmed the mycelial networks and their binding performance, verifying their efficacy as a substitute leather. The most significant effects were observed after treatment with 20% polyethylene glycol, which resulted in an increase in Young’s modulus and tensile strength. Furthermore, the samples generally exhibited a high density (1.35, 1.46 g/cm<sup>3</sup>) and tensile strength (7.21 ± 0.93, 8.49 ± 0.90 MPa), resembling leather. The tear strength reached as low as 0.5–0.8 N/mm. However, the tensile and tear strength may be affected by leather processing and the tuning of mycelial growth. Nevertheless, high-density mycelia are shown to be suitable for the production of MBL, while mycofabrication and strain selection are sustainable for novel industrial applications of MBL.https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/3/317mushroommyceliumleathercompositePolyporalesPEG |
| spellingShingle | Jegadeesh Raman Da-Song Kim Hyun-Seok Kim Deuk-Sil Oh Hyun-Jae Shin Mycofabrication of Mycelium-Based Leather from Brown-Rot Fungi Journal of Fungi mushroom mycelium leather composite Polyporales PEG |
| title | Mycofabrication of Mycelium-Based Leather from Brown-Rot Fungi |
| title_full | Mycofabrication of Mycelium-Based Leather from Brown-Rot Fungi |
| title_fullStr | Mycofabrication of Mycelium-Based Leather from Brown-Rot Fungi |
| title_full_unstemmed | Mycofabrication of Mycelium-Based Leather from Brown-Rot Fungi |
| title_short | Mycofabrication of Mycelium-Based Leather from Brown-Rot Fungi |
| title_sort | mycofabrication of mycelium based leather from brown rot fungi |
| topic | mushroom mycelium leather composite Polyporales PEG |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2309-608X/8/3/317 |
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