Convenient Estimation of Unfertilized Grains in Rice
Failure of fertilization in rice is a critical yield-determining factor in plants subjected to temperature or water stress at the early-reproductive stage and in high-yield cultivars bearing heavy spikelets. Although it is important to identify quickly the unfertilized spikelets for research and sel...
| Main Authors: | , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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Taylor & Francis Group
2010-01-01
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| Series: | Plant Production Science |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/pps.13.289 |
| _version_ | 1828928221101424640 |
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| author | Tohru Kobata Yoshio Akiyama Takuya Kawaoka |
| author_facet | Tohru Kobata Yoshio Akiyama Takuya Kawaoka |
| author_sort | Tohru Kobata |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Failure of fertilization in rice is a critical yield-determining factor in plants subjected to temperature or water stress at the early-reproductive stage and in high-yield cultivars bearing heavy spikelets. Although it is important to identify quickly the unfertilized spikelets for research and selection of stress-resistant or high-ripening cultivars from bulksamples, the identification takes time because unfertilized spikelets are usually determined by visual and manual procedures. Our objective was to develop a convenient method to identify unfertilized spikelets in rice. Takanari spikelets at maturity grown in the paddy field were separated into floating and sinking spikelets by different specific gravity solutions of ethanol/water mixture. The unfertilized spikelets were identified by checking the grains inside the spikelets by light penetration and examining the spikelets manually. The percentage of floating spikelets decreased with the increase in ethanol concentration, and that of floating spikelets approximately coincided with the percentage of unfertilized spikelets when the specific gravity was below 0.90×10>3 kg m-3, corresponding to over 70% -ethanol. In a practical range of temperature the specific gravity scarcely changed. In an 80%-ethanol solution, the percentages of floating spikelets in Takanari grown under different nitrogen applications and in rice cultivars having different spikelet size approximately coincided with percentages of unfertilized spikelets, though the percentages of floating spikelets was 5 to 7% higher than the unfertilized spikelets. The use of 70%-ethanol solution increased the difference in some rice cultivars. We concluded that the gravitation method would be convenient for identification of unfertilized spikelets in bulk samples of rice. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-14T00:01:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7985517f1084b23ac3bc4631d67f1c2 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1343-943X 1349-1008 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-14T00:01:09Z |
| publishDate | 2010-01-01 |
| publisher | Taylor & Francis Group |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Plant Production Science |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7985517f1084b23ac3bc4631d67f1c22022-12-21T23:26:19ZengTaylor & Francis GroupPlant Production Science1343-943X1349-10082010-01-0113328929610.1626/pps.13.28911645034Convenient Estimation of Unfertilized Grains in RiceTohru Kobata0Yoshio Akiyama1Takuya Kawaoka2Shimane UniversityShimane UniversityShimane UniversityFailure of fertilization in rice is a critical yield-determining factor in plants subjected to temperature or water stress at the early-reproductive stage and in high-yield cultivars bearing heavy spikelets. Although it is important to identify quickly the unfertilized spikelets for research and selection of stress-resistant or high-ripening cultivars from bulksamples, the identification takes time because unfertilized spikelets are usually determined by visual and manual procedures. Our objective was to develop a convenient method to identify unfertilized spikelets in rice. Takanari spikelets at maturity grown in the paddy field were separated into floating and sinking spikelets by different specific gravity solutions of ethanol/water mixture. The unfertilized spikelets were identified by checking the grains inside the spikelets by light penetration and examining the spikelets manually. The percentage of floating spikelets decreased with the increase in ethanol concentration, and that of floating spikelets approximately coincided with the percentage of unfertilized spikelets when the specific gravity was below 0.90×10>3 kg m-3, corresponding to over 70% -ethanol. In a practical range of temperature the specific gravity scarcely changed. In an 80%-ethanol solution, the percentages of floating spikelets in Takanari grown under different nitrogen applications and in rice cultivars having different spikelet size approximately coincided with percentages of unfertilized spikelets, though the percentages of floating spikelets was 5 to 7% higher than the unfertilized spikelets. The use of 70%-ethanol solution increased the difference in some rice cultivars. We concluded that the gravitation method would be convenient for identification of unfertilized spikelets in bulk samples of rice.http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/pps.13.289CultivarGravitational methodRiceRipened grainSterilityStressUnfertilized spikelet |
| spellingShingle | Tohru Kobata Yoshio Akiyama Takuya Kawaoka Convenient Estimation of Unfertilized Grains in Rice Plant Production Science Cultivar Gravitational method Rice Ripened grain Sterility Stress Unfertilized spikelet |
| title | Convenient Estimation of Unfertilized Grains in Rice |
| title_full | Convenient Estimation of Unfertilized Grains in Rice |
| title_fullStr | Convenient Estimation of Unfertilized Grains in Rice |
| title_full_unstemmed | Convenient Estimation of Unfertilized Grains in Rice |
| title_short | Convenient Estimation of Unfertilized Grains in Rice |
| title_sort | convenient estimation of unfertilized grains in rice |
| topic | Cultivar Gravitational method Rice Ripened grain Sterility Stress Unfertilized spikelet |
| url | http://dx.doi.org/10.1626/pps.13.289 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT tohrukobata convenientestimationofunfertilizedgrainsinrice AT yoshioakiyama convenientestimationofunfertilizedgrainsinrice AT takuyakawaoka convenientestimationofunfertilizedgrainsinrice |