Salt Weathering of Natural Stone: A Review of Comparative Laboratory Studies
Natural stone is an important component of historical heritage (buildings and art objects such as sculptures or rock engravings), and it is still widely used in contemporary works. Soluble salts are the main erosive agent in the built environment, and we review here comparative studies that subject...
| Main Authors: | , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-08-01
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| Series: | Heritage |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/4/3/86 |
| _version_ | 1797519077531451392 |
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| author | Carlos Alves Carlos A. M. Figueiredo Jorge Sanjurjo-Sánchez Ana C. Hernández |
| author_facet | Carlos Alves Carlos A. M. Figueiredo Jorge Sanjurjo-Sánchez Ana C. Hernández |
| author_sort | Carlos Alves |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Natural stone is an important component of historical heritage (buildings and art objects such as sculptures or rock engravings), and it is still widely used in contemporary works. Soluble salts are the main erosive agent in the built environment, and we review here comparative studies that subject the same rock type to testing with different salt solutions. The results mostly support the accepted notion of the major impact of sodium sulphate, although there are some exceptions. The effects of sodium chloride and calcium sulphate deserve specific discussion given field information on the relevance of these specific salts in the built environment. We relate the information collected to the issues of risk assessment (considering both geochemical conditions and salt effects) and conservation interventions (highlighting the interest of tests that do not produce damage to susceptible materials) and present some methodological suggestions to avoid a case study culture. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:38:02Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b798dba825a4494d9723a2e8c8f90891 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2571-9408 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T07:38:02Z |
| publishDate | 2021-08-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Heritage |
| spelling | doaj.art-b798dba825a4494d9723a2e8c8f908912023-11-22T13:19:50ZengMDPI AGHeritage2571-94082021-08-01431554156510.3390/heritage4030086Salt Weathering of Natural Stone: A Review of Comparative Laboratory StudiesCarlos Alves0Carlos A. M. Figueiredo1Jorge Sanjurjo-Sánchez2Ana C. Hernández3LandS/Lab2PT-Landscapes, Heritage and Territory Laboratory (FCT-UIDB/04509/2020), Earth Sciences Department, School of Sciences, University of Minho, 4710-057 Braga, PortugalCERENA—Centre for Natural Resources and the Environment, FCT-UIDB/04028/2020, DEcivil, Instituto Superior Técnico, University of Lisbon, 1049-001 Lisbon, PortugalUniversity Institute of Geology, University of A Coruña, ESCI, Campus de Elviña, 15071 A Coruña, SpainUniversity Institute of Geology, University of A Coruña, ESCI, Campus de Elviña, 15071 A Coruña, SpainNatural stone is an important component of historical heritage (buildings and art objects such as sculptures or rock engravings), and it is still widely used in contemporary works. Soluble salts are the main erosive agent in the built environment, and we review here comparative studies that subject the same rock type to testing with different salt solutions. The results mostly support the accepted notion of the major impact of sodium sulphate, although there are some exceptions. The effects of sodium chloride and calcium sulphate deserve specific discussion given field information on the relevance of these specific salts in the built environment. We relate the information collected to the issues of risk assessment (considering both geochemical conditions and salt effects) and conservation interventions (highlighting the interest of tests that do not produce damage to susceptible materials) and present some methodological suggestions to avoid a case study culture.https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/4/3/86water–stone interactionstone erosionlaboratory simulationhazards studiesmaterials conservationreplication |
| spellingShingle | Carlos Alves Carlos A. M. Figueiredo Jorge Sanjurjo-Sánchez Ana C. Hernández Salt Weathering of Natural Stone: A Review of Comparative Laboratory Studies Heritage water–stone interaction stone erosion laboratory simulation hazards studies materials conservation replication |
| title | Salt Weathering of Natural Stone: A Review of Comparative Laboratory Studies |
| title_full | Salt Weathering of Natural Stone: A Review of Comparative Laboratory Studies |
| title_fullStr | Salt Weathering of Natural Stone: A Review of Comparative Laboratory Studies |
| title_full_unstemmed | Salt Weathering of Natural Stone: A Review of Comparative Laboratory Studies |
| title_short | Salt Weathering of Natural Stone: A Review of Comparative Laboratory Studies |
| title_sort | salt weathering of natural stone a review of comparative laboratory studies |
| topic | water–stone interaction stone erosion laboratory simulation hazards studies materials conservation replication |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2571-9408/4/3/86 |
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