Durability of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) Assessed Using Depth of Carbonation and NDT Ultrasonic Methods
The paper concerns destructive and non-destructive (NDT) evaluation of the effect of the addition of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) used as a carrier of mixing water and a means of internal curing on the durability of concrete. The research concerns testing of five concretes—an ordinary reference conc...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2024-02-01
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| Series: | Materials |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/4/906 |
| _version_ | 1797297606783664128 |
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| author | Joanna Julia Sokołowska |
| author_facet | Joanna Julia Sokołowska |
| author_sort | Joanna Julia Sokołowska |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The paper concerns destructive and non-destructive (NDT) evaluation of the effect of the addition of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) used as a carrier of mixing water and a means of internal curing on the durability of concrete. The research concerns testing of five concretes—an ordinary reference concrete and four concretes differing in the content of mixing water introduced into the concrete mix in the form of pre-saturated SAP particles (25%, two variants of 50% and 75% of the total mixing water in the form of SAP hydrogel). The research consisted of 4 stages of tests. The subsequent stages involved the analysis of the effect of using SAP as a carrier of mixing water on the particular characteristics of concrete mix and hardened concrete, i.e., consistency and density of concrete mix (1st stage), carbonation tested using two indicators—phenolphthalein and thymol phenolphthalein (2nd stage), and finally: the homogeneity of the concretes’ structure by means of ultrasonic method (determination of ultrasonic pulse velocity) 28 days after production (3rd stage) and 3 years after production (4th stage). The ultrasonic pulse (or wave) velocity was then correlated with the content of water applied in the form of SAP hydrogel. The statistical analysis of results showed that the method of introducing the mixing water into the concrete mix in the form of pre-absorbed superabsorbent polymer, although it changed the concrete mix consistency, did not significantly affect the concrete ability to resist carbonation. Meanwhile, after 3 years, the densification of the microstructure of concrete with SAP has been observed. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:23:07Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b79abd78727448a3a9d7b091b40e54f3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-07T22:23:07Z |
| publishDate | 2024-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-b79abd78727448a3a9d7b091b40e54f32024-02-23T15:25:44ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442024-02-0117490610.3390/ma17040906Durability of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) Assessed Using Depth of Carbonation and NDT Ultrasonic MethodsJoanna Julia Sokołowska0Department of Building Materials Engineering, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Warsaw University of Technology, 16 Armii Ludowej, 00-637 Warsaw, PolandThe paper concerns destructive and non-destructive (NDT) evaluation of the effect of the addition of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) used as a carrier of mixing water and a means of internal curing on the durability of concrete. The research concerns testing of five concretes—an ordinary reference concrete and four concretes differing in the content of mixing water introduced into the concrete mix in the form of pre-saturated SAP particles (25%, two variants of 50% and 75% of the total mixing water in the form of SAP hydrogel). The research consisted of 4 stages of tests. The subsequent stages involved the analysis of the effect of using SAP as a carrier of mixing water on the particular characteristics of concrete mix and hardened concrete, i.e., consistency and density of concrete mix (1st stage), carbonation tested using two indicators—phenolphthalein and thymol phenolphthalein (2nd stage), and finally: the homogeneity of the concretes’ structure by means of ultrasonic method (determination of ultrasonic pulse velocity) 28 days after production (3rd stage) and 3 years after production (4th stage). The ultrasonic pulse (or wave) velocity was then correlated with the content of water applied in the form of SAP hydrogel. The statistical analysis of results showed that the method of introducing the mixing water into the concrete mix in the form of pre-absorbed superabsorbent polymer, although it changed the concrete mix consistency, did not significantly affect the concrete ability to resist carbonation. Meanwhile, after 3 years, the densification of the microstructure of concrete with SAP has been observed.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/4/906NDTnon-destructive quality controldirect ultrasonic methodsuperabsorbent polymer (SAP)concrete carbonationdurability |
| spellingShingle | Joanna Julia Sokołowska Durability of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) Assessed Using Depth of Carbonation and NDT Ultrasonic Methods Materials NDT non-destructive quality control direct ultrasonic method superabsorbent polymer (SAP) concrete carbonation durability |
| title | Durability of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) Assessed Using Depth of Carbonation and NDT Ultrasonic Methods |
| title_full | Durability of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) Assessed Using Depth of Carbonation and NDT Ultrasonic Methods |
| title_fullStr | Durability of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) Assessed Using Depth of Carbonation and NDT Ultrasonic Methods |
| title_full_unstemmed | Durability of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) Assessed Using Depth of Carbonation and NDT Ultrasonic Methods |
| title_short | Durability of Concrete with Superabsorbent Polymer (SAP) Assessed Using Depth of Carbonation and NDT Ultrasonic Methods |
| title_sort | durability of concrete with superabsorbent polymer sap assessed using depth of carbonation and ndt ultrasonic methods |
| topic | NDT non-destructive quality control direct ultrasonic method superabsorbent polymer (SAP) concrete carbonation durability |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/17/4/906 |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT joannajuliasokołowska durabilityofconcretewithsuperabsorbentpolymersapassessedusingdepthofcarbonationandndtultrasonicmethods |