A Histogram Analysis of the Pixel Grayscale (Luminous Intensity) of B-Mode Ultrasound Images of the Subcutaneous Layer Predicts the Grade of Leg Edema in Pregnant Women
The technique most widely used to quantitatively measure leg edema is only a pitting edema method. It has recently become possible to digitize B-mode ultrasound images and accurately quantify their brightness using an image-analysis software program. The purpose of this study was to find new indices...
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MDPI AG
2023-05-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/9/1328 |
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| author | Eri Ikuta Masafumi Koshiyama Yumiko Watanabe Airi Banba Nami Yanagisawa Miwa Nakagawa Ayumi Ono Keiko Seki Haruki Kambe Taiki Godo Shin-ichi Sakamoto Yoko Hara Akira Nakajima |
| author_facet | Eri Ikuta Masafumi Koshiyama Yumiko Watanabe Airi Banba Nami Yanagisawa Miwa Nakagawa Ayumi Ono Keiko Seki Haruki Kambe Taiki Godo Shin-ichi Sakamoto Yoko Hara Akira Nakajima |
| author_sort | Eri Ikuta |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The technique most widely used to quantitatively measure leg edema is only a pitting edema method. It has recently become possible to digitize B-mode ultrasound images and accurately quantify their brightness using an image-analysis software program. The purpose of this study was to find new indices of the grade of leg skin, to study whether or not analyses of the subcutaneous layer of leg skin on ultrasound images using image-editing software program can be used to evaluate it and to digitize it. Images of 282 subcutaneous layers of leg skin in 141 pregnant women were obtained using a B-scan portable ultrasound device. Rectangular photographs (vertical: skin thickness; horizontal: width of probe) were obtained using an image-editing program, and the luminous intensity (pixel grayscale: 0–255) and thickness of the skin were calculated using a histogram. We investigated the correlation between these parameters and the grade of pitting edema (0–3). There was a significant positive correlation between the grade of pitting edema and the average luminous intensity value, its standard deviation, and the skin thickness (ρ = 0.36, ρ = 0.22, ρ = 0.51, <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively). In particular, there was strong positive correlation between the grade of pitting edema and both the total number of pixels in a rectangle × (multiplied by) the average luminous intensity value and the total number of pixels in a rectangle × the standard deviation of the average luminous intensity value (ρ = 0.58 and ρ = 0.59, <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively). We could quantitatively evaluate the grade of leg edema by analyzing ultrasound photographs of the subcutaneous layer of the leg skin using an image-editing software program and found new indices to digitize it. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:18:23Z |
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| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T04:18:23Z |
| publishDate | 2023-05-01 |
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| series | Healthcare |
| spelling | doaj.art-b79b93ca2b484c82801f292be28c25882023-11-17T22:58:28ZengMDPI AGHealthcare2227-90322023-05-01119132810.3390/healthcare11091328A Histogram Analysis of the Pixel Grayscale (Luminous Intensity) of B-Mode Ultrasound Images of the Subcutaneous Layer Predicts the Grade of Leg Edema in Pregnant WomenEri Ikuta0Masafumi Koshiyama1Yumiko Watanabe2Airi Banba3Nami Yanagisawa4Miwa Nakagawa5Ayumi Ono6Keiko Seki7Haruki Kambe8Taiki Godo9Shin-ichi Sakamoto10Yoko Hara11Akira Nakajima12Graduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 522-8533, JapanDepartment of Women’s Health, Graduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 522-8533, JapanDepartment of Women’s Health, Graduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 522-8533, JapanGraduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 522-8533, JapanSchool of Nursing, Tsuruga Nursing University, Tsuruga 914-0814, JapanGraduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 522-8533, JapanGraduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 522-8533, JapanGraduate School of Human Nursing, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 522-8533, JapanDepartment of Electronic Systems Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 522-0057, JapanDepartment of Electronic Systems Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 522-0057, JapanDepartment of Electronic Systems Engineering, School of Engineering, The University of Shiga Prefecture, Hikone 522-0057, JapanIris Women’s Clinic, Hikone 522-0057, JapanIris Women’s Clinic, Hikone 522-0057, JapanThe technique most widely used to quantitatively measure leg edema is only a pitting edema method. It has recently become possible to digitize B-mode ultrasound images and accurately quantify their brightness using an image-analysis software program. The purpose of this study was to find new indices of the grade of leg skin, to study whether or not analyses of the subcutaneous layer of leg skin on ultrasound images using image-editing software program can be used to evaluate it and to digitize it. Images of 282 subcutaneous layers of leg skin in 141 pregnant women were obtained using a B-scan portable ultrasound device. Rectangular photographs (vertical: skin thickness; horizontal: width of probe) were obtained using an image-editing program, and the luminous intensity (pixel grayscale: 0–255) and thickness of the skin were calculated using a histogram. We investigated the correlation between these parameters and the grade of pitting edema (0–3). There was a significant positive correlation between the grade of pitting edema and the average luminous intensity value, its standard deviation, and the skin thickness (ρ = 0.36, ρ = 0.22, ρ = 0.51, <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively). In particular, there was strong positive correlation between the grade of pitting edema and both the total number of pixels in a rectangle × (multiplied by) the average luminous intensity value and the total number of pixels in a rectangle × the standard deviation of the average luminous intensity value (ρ = 0.58 and ρ = 0.59, <i>p</i> < 0.0001, respectively). We could quantitatively evaluate the grade of leg edema by analyzing ultrasound photographs of the subcutaneous layer of the leg skin using an image-editing software program and found new indices to digitize it.https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/9/1328pixelgrayscaleultrasoundimageleg edemaphotoshop |
| spellingShingle | Eri Ikuta Masafumi Koshiyama Yumiko Watanabe Airi Banba Nami Yanagisawa Miwa Nakagawa Ayumi Ono Keiko Seki Haruki Kambe Taiki Godo Shin-ichi Sakamoto Yoko Hara Akira Nakajima A Histogram Analysis of the Pixel Grayscale (Luminous Intensity) of B-Mode Ultrasound Images of the Subcutaneous Layer Predicts the Grade of Leg Edema in Pregnant Women Healthcare pixel grayscale ultrasound image leg edema photoshop |
| title | A Histogram Analysis of the Pixel Grayscale (Luminous Intensity) of B-Mode Ultrasound Images of the Subcutaneous Layer Predicts the Grade of Leg Edema in Pregnant Women |
| title_full | A Histogram Analysis of the Pixel Grayscale (Luminous Intensity) of B-Mode Ultrasound Images of the Subcutaneous Layer Predicts the Grade of Leg Edema in Pregnant Women |
| title_fullStr | A Histogram Analysis of the Pixel Grayscale (Luminous Intensity) of B-Mode Ultrasound Images of the Subcutaneous Layer Predicts the Grade of Leg Edema in Pregnant Women |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Histogram Analysis of the Pixel Grayscale (Luminous Intensity) of B-Mode Ultrasound Images of the Subcutaneous Layer Predicts the Grade of Leg Edema in Pregnant Women |
| title_short | A Histogram Analysis of the Pixel Grayscale (Luminous Intensity) of B-Mode Ultrasound Images of the Subcutaneous Layer Predicts the Grade of Leg Edema in Pregnant Women |
| title_sort | histogram analysis of the pixel grayscale luminous intensity of b mode ultrasound images of the subcutaneous layer predicts the grade of leg edema in pregnant women |
| topic | pixel grayscale ultrasound image leg edema photoshop |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9032/11/9/1328 |
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