Cardio-Hypothalamic-Pituitary Coupling during Rest and in Response to Exercise
The objective of this study was to examine cardio hypothalamic-pituitary coupling and to better understand how the temporal relations between these systems are altered during rest and exercise conditions. An intensive within subjects study design was used. Seven adult males completed two visits, eac...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-07-01
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| Series: | Entropy |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/8/1045 |
| _version_ | 1797410447351087104 |
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| author | Nathaniel T. Berry Christopher K. Rhea Laurie Wideman |
| author_facet | Nathaniel T. Berry Christopher K. Rhea Laurie Wideman |
| author_sort | Nathaniel T. Berry |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The objective of this study was to examine cardio hypothalamic-pituitary coupling and to better understand how the temporal relations between these systems are altered during rest and exercise conditions. An intensive within subjects study design was used. Seven adult males completed two visits, each consisting of either a 24 h period of complete rest or a 24 h period containing a high-intensity exercise bout. An intravenous catheter was used to collect serum samples every 10 min throughout the 24 h period (i.e., 145 samples/person/condition) to assess growth hormone (GH) dynamics throughout the 24 h period. Cardiac dynamics were also collected throughout the 24 h period and epoched into 3 min windows every 10 min, providing serial short-time measurements of heart rate variability (HRV) concurrent to the GH sampling. The standard deviation of the normal RR interval (SDNN), the root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD), and sample entropy (SampEn) was calculated for each epoch and used to create new profiles. The dynamics of these profiles were individually quantified using SampEn and recurrence quantification analysis (RQA). To address our central question, the coupling between these profiles with GH was assessed using cross-SampEn and cross-RQA (cRQA). A comparison between the epoched HRV profiles indicated a main effect between profiles for sample entropy (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and several measures from RQA. An interaction between profile and condition was observed for cross-SampEn (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and several measures from cRQA. These findings highlight the potential application of epoched HRV to assess changes in cardiac dynamics, with specific applications to assessing cardio hypothalamic-pituitary coupling. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:30:09Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7a05b5d2e164d439aedd7d6e5532d52 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1099-4300 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T04:30:09Z |
| publishDate | 2022-07-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Entropy |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7a05b5d2e164d439aedd7d6e5532d522023-12-03T13:36:51ZengMDPI AGEntropy1099-43002022-07-01248104510.3390/e24081045Cardio-Hypothalamic-Pituitary Coupling during Rest and in Response to ExerciseNathaniel T. Berry0Christopher K. Rhea1Laurie Wideman2Department of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USADepartment of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USADepartment of Kinesiology, University of North Carolina at Greensboro, Greensboro, NC 27412, USAThe objective of this study was to examine cardio hypothalamic-pituitary coupling and to better understand how the temporal relations between these systems are altered during rest and exercise conditions. An intensive within subjects study design was used. Seven adult males completed two visits, each consisting of either a 24 h period of complete rest or a 24 h period containing a high-intensity exercise bout. An intravenous catheter was used to collect serum samples every 10 min throughout the 24 h period (i.e., 145 samples/person/condition) to assess growth hormone (GH) dynamics throughout the 24 h period. Cardiac dynamics were also collected throughout the 24 h period and epoched into 3 min windows every 10 min, providing serial short-time measurements of heart rate variability (HRV) concurrent to the GH sampling. The standard deviation of the normal RR interval (SDNN), the root mean square of successive differences (rMSSD), and sample entropy (SampEn) was calculated for each epoch and used to create new profiles. The dynamics of these profiles were individually quantified using SampEn and recurrence quantification analysis (RQA). To address our central question, the coupling between these profiles with GH was assessed using cross-SampEn and cross-RQA (cRQA). A comparison between the epoched HRV profiles indicated a main effect between profiles for sample entropy (<i>p</i> < 0.001) and several measures from RQA. An interaction between profile and condition was observed for cross-SampEn (<i>p</i> = 0.04) and several measures from cRQA. These findings highlight the potential application of epoched HRV to assess changes in cardiac dynamics, with specific applications to assessing cardio hypothalamic-pituitary coupling.https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/8/1045growth hormoneheart rate variabilitynonlinear dynamicsphysiologic coupling |
| spellingShingle | Nathaniel T. Berry Christopher K. Rhea Laurie Wideman Cardio-Hypothalamic-Pituitary Coupling during Rest and in Response to Exercise Entropy growth hormone heart rate variability nonlinear dynamics physiologic coupling |
| title | Cardio-Hypothalamic-Pituitary Coupling during Rest and in Response to Exercise |
| title_full | Cardio-Hypothalamic-Pituitary Coupling during Rest and in Response to Exercise |
| title_fullStr | Cardio-Hypothalamic-Pituitary Coupling during Rest and in Response to Exercise |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cardio-Hypothalamic-Pituitary Coupling during Rest and in Response to Exercise |
| title_short | Cardio-Hypothalamic-Pituitary Coupling during Rest and in Response to Exercise |
| title_sort | cardio hypothalamic pituitary coupling during rest and in response to exercise |
| topic | growth hormone heart rate variability nonlinear dynamics physiologic coupling |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/24/8/1045 |
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