Inequalities in Development in the European Union at the time of COVID-19 Pandemic
Balanced development is perceived as one of crucial objectives of the European Union integration. It is included in the treaties and promoted by the policies of the EU. Development inequalities among the EU economies result from a number of reasons. The COVID-19 pandemic did strengthen the problem...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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University of Security Management in Košice
2023-06-01
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| Series: | Košická bezpečnostná revue |
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| Online Access: | https://kbr.vsbm.sk/2023/n1/pawlas.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797791682097315840 |
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| author | Iwona PAWLAS |
| author_facet | Iwona PAWLAS |
| author_sort | Iwona PAWLAS |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Balanced development is perceived as one of crucial objectives of the European Union integration. It is included in the treaties and promoted by the policies of the EU. Development inequalities among the EU economies result from a number of reasons. The COVID-19 pandemic
did strengthen the problem of development inequalities in the EU. The main aim of the research is to diagnose and evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on development disparities in the EU27. Multivariate comparative analysis was conducted with the application of Hellwig index of TMD (Taxonomic Measure of Development) and the standard deviations method of grouping of linearly ordered objects. The following eleven diagnostic variables were taken into consideration:
X1 – GDP growth, X2 – GDP per capita PPP, X3 – share of service sector in value added, X4 - general government sector balance (deficit/surplus), X5 – general government sector debt, X6 – employment rate, X7 – unemployment rate, X8 – natural growth rate, X9 – infant mortality rate,
X10 – population aged 30-34 with tertiary education, X11 - gross expenditure on research and development as % GDP. The research was conducted for the years: 2019 and 2021. The conducted research and analysis indicated the existence of considerable inequalities among the
EU economies. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-13T02:22:18Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7a13964b84b49ceb9d1f831aea69948 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1338-4880 1338-6956 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-13T02:22:18Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | University of Security Management in Košice |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Košická bezpečnostná revue |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7a13964b84b49ceb9d1f831aea699482023-06-30T07:58:31ZengUniversity of Security Management in KošiceKošická bezpečnostná revue1338-48801338-69562023-06-011313139Inequalities in Development in the European Union at the time of COVID-19 PandemicIwona PAWLAS0University of Economics in KatowiceBalanced development is perceived as one of crucial objectives of the European Union integration. It is included in the treaties and promoted by the policies of the EU. Development inequalities among the EU economies result from a number of reasons. The COVID-19 pandemic did strengthen the problem of development inequalities in the EU. The main aim of the research is to diagnose and evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on development disparities in the EU27. Multivariate comparative analysis was conducted with the application of Hellwig index of TMD (Taxonomic Measure of Development) and the standard deviations method of grouping of linearly ordered objects. The following eleven diagnostic variables were taken into consideration: X1 – GDP growth, X2 – GDP per capita PPP, X3 – share of service sector in value added, X4 - general government sector balance (deficit/surplus), X5 – general government sector debt, X6 – employment rate, X7 – unemployment rate, X8 – natural growth rate, X9 – infant mortality rate, X10 – population aged 30-34 with tertiary education, X11 - gross expenditure on research and development as % GDP. The research was conducted for the years: 2019 and 2021. The conducted research and analysis indicated the existence of considerable inequalities among the EU economies. https://kbr.vsbm.sk/2023/n1/pawlas.pdfdevelopmentinequalitieseuropean unioncovid-19 pandemic |
| spellingShingle | Iwona PAWLAS Inequalities in Development in the European Union at the time of COVID-19 Pandemic Košická bezpečnostná revue development inequalities european union covid-19 pandemic |
| title | Inequalities in Development in the European Union at the time of COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full | Inequalities in Development in the European Union at the time of COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_fullStr | Inequalities in Development in the European Union at the time of COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_full_unstemmed | Inequalities in Development in the European Union at the time of COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_short | Inequalities in Development in the European Union at the time of COVID-19 Pandemic |
| title_sort | inequalities in development in the european union at the time of covid 19 pandemic |
| topic | development inequalities european union covid-19 pandemic |
| url | https://kbr.vsbm.sk/2023/n1/pawlas.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT iwonapawlas inequalitiesindevelopmentintheeuropeanunionatthetimeofcovid19pandemic |