Predictors of COVID-19 outcome in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a hospital-based study

Abstract Background Diabetes has become a significant risk factor for COVID-19-related severe illness and death. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of 104 patients, with or without type 2 (diabetes mellitus) DM, diagnosed with COVID-19 between June and September 2021 in Benha University H...

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Main Authors: Amira M. Elsayed, Mohamad S. Elsayed, Ahmed E. Mansour, Ahmed W. Mahedy, Eman M. Araby, Maha H. Morsy, Rasha O. Abd Elmoniem
Format: Article
Language:English
Published: SpringerOpen 2024-01-01
Series:The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine
Subjects:
Online Access:https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-023-00266-5
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author Amira M. Elsayed
Mohamad S. Elsayed
Ahmed E. Mansour
Ahmed W. Mahedy
Eman M. Araby
Maha H. Morsy
Rasha O. Abd Elmoniem
author_facet Amira M. Elsayed
Mohamad S. Elsayed
Ahmed E. Mansour
Ahmed W. Mahedy
Eman M. Araby
Maha H. Morsy
Rasha O. Abd Elmoniem
author_sort Amira M. Elsayed
collection DOAJ
description Abstract Background Diabetes has become a significant risk factor for COVID-19-related severe illness and death. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of 104 patients, with or without type 2 (diabetes mellitus) DM, diagnosed with COVID-19 between June and September 2021 in Benha University Hospital, Egypt. Outcome measures including discharge after recovery, transfer to ICU and intubation, or death were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done for the prediction of death in diabetic patients. Results Length of hospital stay was significantly higher in diabetic (median 15 days) compared to non-diabetic patients (median 10 days). ICU admission and intubation among diabetic patients were substantially higher than non-diabetics. Univariate regression analysis established that old age (p = 0.02: OR = 1.03: CI 1.00–1.07), multiple comorbidities (p = 0.005: OR = 8.66: CI 1.9–38.5), diabetic complications (p = 0.000: OR = 6.401:CI 2.5–16.3), HbA1c (p = 0.01: OR = 1.22: CI 1.04–1.43), length of hospital stay (p = 0.005: OR = 1.07: CI 1.02–1.12), and ICU admission (p = 0.00: OR = 44.1: CI 9.4–205.3) were predictors of death for diabetic patients as well as neutrophilic count, D-dimer, and CRP levels. Multivariate regression analysis concluded that ICU admission was the most significant predictor of death in diabetic patients. Conclusion Type 2 DM patients, infected with the COVID-19 virus exhibited more admission to ICU and intubation with longer hospital stays compared to those without diabetes with a similar death rate. Old age, HbA1C, comorbidities, diabetic complications, length of hospital stay and ICU admission, and inflammatory parameters were significant predictors of death in diabetic patients.
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spelling doaj.art-b7a85a6e726a40619df0900a3b006aec2024-01-07T12:47:56ZengSpringerOpenThe Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine2090-90982024-01-013611910.1186/s43162-023-00266-5Predictors of COVID-19 outcome in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a hospital-based studyAmira M. Elsayed0Mohamad S. Elsayed1Ahmed E. Mansour2Ahmed W. Mahedy3Eman M. Araby4Maha H. Morsy5Rasha O. Abd Elmoniem6Internal Medicine Department, Benha UniversityInternal Medicine Department, Benha UniversityInternal Medicine Department, Benha UniversityInternal Medicine Department, Benha UniversityPublic Health and Community Department, Benha UniversityDepartment of Respiratory Care Technology, Faculty of Applied Health Sciences Technology, Misr University for Science and TechnologyInternal Medicine Department, Benha UniversityAbstract Background Diabetes has become a significant risk factor for COVID-19-related severe illness and death. Methods This was a retrospective cohort study of 104 patients, with or without type 2 (diabetes mellitus) DM, diagnosed with COVID-19 between June and September 2021 in Benha University Hospital, Egypt. Outcome measures including discharge after recovery, transfer to ICU and intubation, or death were recorded. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis was done for the prediction of death in diabetic patients. Results Length of hospital stay was significantly higher in diabetic (median 15 days) compared to non-diabetic patients (median 10 days). ICU admission and intubation among diabetic patients were substantially higher than non-diabetics. Univariate regression analysis established that old age (p = 0.02: OR = 1.03: CI 1.00–1.07), multiple comorbidities (p = 0.005: OR = 8.66: CI 1.9–38.5), diabetic complications (p = 0.000: OR = 6.401:CI 2.5–16.3), HbA1c (p = 0.01: OR = 1.22: CI 1.04–1.43), length of hospital stay (p = 0.005: OR = 1.07: CI 1.02–1.12), and ICU admission (p = 0.00: OR = 44.1: CI 9.4–205.3) were predictors of death for diabetic patients as well as neutrophilic count, D-dimer, and CRP levels. Multivariate regression analysis concluded that ICU admission was the most significant predictor of death in diabetic patients. Conclusion Type 2 DM patients, infected with the COVID-19 virus exhibited more admission to ICU and intubation with longer hospital stays compared to those without diabetes with a similar death rate. Old age, HbA1C, comorbidities, diabetic complications, length of hospital stay and ICU admission, and inflammatory parameters were significant predictors of death in diabetic patients.https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-023-00266-5COVID-19Diabetes mellitusOutcome
spellingShingle Amira M. Elsayed
Mohamad S. Elsayed
Ahmed E. Mansour
Ahmed W. Mahedy
Eman M. Araby
Maha H. Morsy
Rasha O. Abd Elmoniem
Predictors of COVID-19 outcome in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a hospital-based study
The Egyptian Journal of Internal Medicine
COVID-19
Diabetes mellitus
Outcome
title Predictors of COVID-19 outcome in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a hospital-based study
title_full Predictors of COVID-19 outcome in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a hospital-based study
title_fullStr Predictors of COVID-19 outcome in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a hospital-based study
title_full_unstemmed Predictors of COVID-19 outcome in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a hospital-based study
title_short Predictors of COVID-19 outcome in type 2 diabetes mellitus: a hospital-based study
title_sort predictors of covid 19 outcome in type 2 diabetes mellitus a hospital based study
topic COVID-19
Diabetes mellitus
Outcome
url https://doi.org/10.1186/s43162-023-00266-5
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