Cell Therapy of Stroke: Do the Intra-Arterially Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cross the Blood–Brain Barrier?
Animal model studies and first clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the mesenchymal stem cells’ (MSCs) transplantation in stroke. Intra-arterial (IA) administration looks especially promising, since it provides targeted cell delivery to the ischemic brain, is highly effective...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2021-11-01
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| Series: | Cells |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/2997 |
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| author | Konstantin N. Yarygin Daria D. Namestnikova Kirill K. Sukhinich Ilya L. Gubskiy Alexander G. Majouga Irina V. Kholodenko |
| author_facet | Konstantin N. Yarygin Daria D. Namestnikova Kirill K. Sukhinich Ilya L. Gubskiy Alexander G. Majouga Irina V. Kholodenko |
| author_sort | Konstantin N. Yarygin |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Animal model studies and first clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the mesenchymal stem cells’ (MSCs) transplantation in stroke. Intra-arterial (IA) administration looks especially promising, since it provides targeted cell delivery to the ischemic brain, is highly effective, and can be safe as long as the infusion is conducted appropriately. However, wider clinical application of the IA MSCs transplantation will only be possible after a better understanding of the mechanism of their therapeutic action is achieved. On the way to achieve this goal, the study of transplanted cells’ fate and their interactions with the blood–brain barrier (BBB) structures could be one of the key factors. In this review, we analyze the available data concerning one of the most important aspects of the transplanted MSCs’ action—the ability of cells to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in vitro and in vivo after IA administration into animals with experimental stroke. The collected data show that some of the transplanted MSCs temporarily attach to the walls of the cerebral vessels and then return to the bloodstream or penetrate the BBB and either undergo homing in the perivascular space or penetrate deeper into the parenchyma. Transmigration across the BBB is not necessary for the induction of therapeutic effects, which can be incited through a paracrine mechanism even by cells located inside the blood vessels. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:37:40Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7afa2ef486749e995d051deb9667305 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2073-4409 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-10T05:37:40Z |
| publishDate | 2021-11-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Cells |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7afa2ef486749e995d051deb96673052023-11-22T22:49:48ZengMDPI AGCells2073-44092021-11-011011299710.3390/cells10112997Cell Therapy of Stroke: Do the Intra-Arterially Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cross the Blood–Brain Barrier?Konstantin N. Yarygin0Daria D. Namestnikova1Kirill K. Sukhinich2Ilya L. Gubskiy3Alexander G. Majouga4Irina V. Kholodenko5Laboratory of Cell Biology, Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119435 Moscow, RussiaPirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, RussiaLaboratory of Problems of Regeneration, Koltzov Institute of Developmental Biology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 119334 Moscow, RussiaPirogov Russian National Research Medical University of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, 117997 Moscow, RussiaD. Mendeleev University of Chemical Technology of Russia, 125047 Moscow, RussiaLaboratory of Cell Biology, Orekhovich Institute of Biomedical Chemistry, 119435 Moscow, RussiaAnimal model studies and first clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of the mesenchymal stem cells’ (MSCs) transplantation in stroke. Intra-arterial (IA) administration looks especially promising, since it provides targeted cell delivery to the ischemic brain, is highly effective, and can be safe as long as the infusion is conducted appropriately. However, wider clinical application of the IA MSCs transplantation will only be possible after a better understanding of the mechanism of their therapeutic action is achieved. On the way to achieve this goal, the study of transplanted cells’ fate and their interactions with the blood–brain barrier (BBB) structures could be one of the key factors. In this review, we analyze the available data concerning one of the most important aspects of the transplanted MSCs’ action—the ability of cells to cross the blood–brain barrier (BBB) in vitro and in vivo after IA administration into animals with experimental stroke. The collected data show that some of the transplanted MSCs temporarily attach to the walls of the cerebral vessels and then return to the bloodstream or penetrate the BBB and either undergo homing in the perivascular space or penetrate deeper into the parenchyma. Transmigration across the BBB is not necessary for the induction of therapeutic effects, which can be incited through a paracrine mechanism even by cells located inside the blood vessels.https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/2997mesenchymal stem cellscell therapystrokeblood–brain barrierneurovascular unitstroke models |
| spellingShingle | Konstantin N. Yarygin Daria D. Namestnikova Kirill K. Sukhinich Ilya L. Gubskiy Alexander G. Majouga Irina V. Kholodenko Cell Therapy of Stroke: Do the Intra-Arterially Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cross the Blood–Brain Barrier? Cells mesenchymal stem cells cell therapy stroke blood–brain barrier neurovascular unit stroke models |
| title | Cell Therapy of Stroke: Do the Intra-Arterially Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cross the Blood–Brain Barrier? |
| title_full | Cell Therapy of Stroke: Do the Intra-Arterially Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cross the Blood–Brain Barrier? |
| title_fullStr | Cell Therapy of Stroke: Do the Intra-Arterially Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cross the Blood–Brain Barrier? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Cell Therapy of Stroke: Do the Intra-Arterially Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cross the Blood–Brain Barrier? |
| title_short | Cell Therapy of Stroke: Do the Intra-Arterially Transplanted Mesenchymal Stem Cells Cross the Blood–Brain Barrier? |
| title_sort | cell therapy of stroke do the intra arterially transplanted mesenchymal stem cells cross the blood brain barrier |
| topic | mesenchymal stem cells cell therapy stroke blood–brain barrier neurovascular unit stroke models |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2073-4409/10/11/2997 |
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