North American Triple Reassortant and Eurasian H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses Do Not Readily Reassort to Generate a 2009 Pandemic H1N1-Like Virus
ABSTRACT The 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus (pH1N1) was derived through reassortment of North American triple reassortant and Eurasian avian-like swine influenza viruses (SIVs). To date, when, how and where the pH1N1 arose is not understood. To investigate viral reassortment, we coinfected cell cultures a...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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American Society for Microbiology
2014-05-01
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| Series: | mBio |
| Online Access: | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00919-13 |
| _version_ | 1818822513363255296 |
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| author | Wenjun Ma Qinfang Liu Chuanling Qiao Gustavo del Real Adolfo García-Sastre Richard J. Webby Jürgen A. Richt |
| author_facet | Wenjun Ma Qinfang Liu Chuanling Qiao Gustavo del Real Adolfo García-Sastre Richard J. Webby Jürgen A. Richt |
| author_sort | Wenjun Ma |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | ABSTRACT The 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus (pH1N1) was derived through reassortment of North American triple reassortant and Eurasian avian-like swine influenza viruses (SIVs). To date, when, how and where the pH1N1 arose is not understood. To investigate viral reassortment, we coinfected cell cultures and a group of pigs with or without preexisting immunity with a Eurasian H1N1 virus, A/Swine/Spain/53207/2004 (SP04), and a North American triple reassortant H1N1 virus, A/Swine/Kansas/77778/2007 (KS07). The infected pigs were cohoused with one or two groups of contact animals to investigate viral transmission. In coinfected MDCK or PK15 continuous cell lines with KS07 and SP04 viruses, more than 20 different reassortant viruses were found. In pigs without or with preexisting immunity (immunized with commercial inactivated swine influenza vaccines) and coinfected with both viruses, six or seven reassortant viruses, as well as the parental viruses, were identified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from the lungs. Interestingly, only one or two viruses transmitted to and were detected in contact animals. No reassortant containing a gene constellation similar to that of pH1N1 virus was found in either coinfected cells or pigs, indicating that the reassortment event that resulted in the generation of this virus is a rare event that likely involved specific viral strains and/or a favorable, not-yet-understood environment. IMPORTANCE The 2009 pandemic-like H1N1 virus could not be reproduced either in cell cultures or in pigs coinfected with North American triple reassortant H1N1 and Eurasian H1N1 swine influenza viruses. This finding suggests that the generation of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus by reassortment was a rare event that likely involved specific viral strains and unknown factors. Different reassortant viruses were detected in coinfected pigs with and without preexisting immunity, indicating that host immunity plays a relevant role in driving viral reassortment of influenza A virus. |
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| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7b5d9163fbf4a7aa9357db409fad9c3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2150-7511 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-18T23:25:17Z |
| publishDate | 2014-05-01 |
| publisher | American Society for Microbiology |
| record_format | Article |
| series | mBio |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7b5d9163fbf4a7aa9357db409fad9c32022-12-21T20:47:49ZengAmerican Society for MicrobiologymBio2150-75112014-05-015210.1128/mBio.00919-13North American Triple Reassortant and Eurasian H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses Do Not Readily Reassort to Generate a 2009 Pandemic H1N1-Like VirusWenjun Ma0Qinfang Liu1Chuanling Qiao2Gustavo del Real3Adolfo García-Sastre4Richard J. Webby5Jürgen A. Richt6Department of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USADepartment of Biotechnology, Instituto Nacional de Investigación y Tecnología Agraria y Alimentaria (INIA), Madrid, SpainDepartment of Microbiology, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USASt. Jude Children’s Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee, USADepartment of Diagnostic Medicine/Pathobiology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas, USAABSTRACT The 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus (pH1N1) was derived through reassortment of North American triple reassortant and Eurasian avian-like swine influenza viruses (SIVs). To date, when, how and where the pH1N1 arose is not understood. To investigate viral reassortment, we coinfected cell cultures and a group of pigs with or without preexisting immunity with a Eurasian H1N1 virus, A/Swine/Spain/53207/2004 (SP04), and a North American triple reassortant H1N1 virus, A/Swine/Kansas/77778/2007 (KS07). The infected pigs were cohoused with one or two groups of contact animals to investigate viral transmission. In coinfected MDCK or PK15 continuous cell lines with KS07 and SP04 viruses, more than 20 different reassortant viruses were found. In pigs without or with preexisting immunity (immunized with commercial inactivated swine influenza vaccines) and coinfected with both viruses, six or seven reassortant viruses, as well as the parental viruses, were identified in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid samples from the lungs. Interestingly, only one or two viruses transmitted to and were detected in contact animals. No reassortant containing a gene constellation similar to that of pH1N1 virus was found in either coinfected cells or pigs, indicating that the reassortment event that resulted in the generation of this virus is a rare event that likely involved specific viral strains and/or a favorable, not-yet-understood environment. IMPORTANCE The 2009 pandemic-like H1N1 virus could not be reproduced either in cell cultures or in pigs coinfected with North American triple reassortant H1N1 and Eurasian H1N1 swine influenza viruses. This finding suggests that the generation of the 2009 pandemic H1N1 virus by reassortment was a rare event that likely involved specific viral strains and unknown factors. Different reassortant viruses were detected in coinfected pigs with and without preexisting immunity, indicating that host immunity plays a relevant role in driving viral reassortment of influenza A virus.https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00919-13 |
| spellingShingle | Wenjun Ma Qinfang Liu Chuanling Qiao Gustavo del Real Adolfo García-Sastre Richard J. Webby Jürgen A. Richt North American Triple Reassortant and Eurasian H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses Do Not Readily Reassort to Generate a 2009 Pandemic H1N1-Like Virus mBio |
| title | North American Triple Reassortant and Eurasian H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses Do Not Readily Reassort to Generate a 2009 Pandemic H1N1-Like Virus |
| title_full | North American Triple Reassortant and Eurasian H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses Do Not Readily Reassort to Generate a 2009 Pandemic H1N1-Like Virus |
| title_fullStr | North American Triple Reassortant and Eurasian H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses Do Not Readily Reassort to Generate a 2009 Pandemic H1N1-Like Virus |
| title_full_unstemmed | North American Triple Reassortant and Eurasian H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses Do Not Readily Reassort to Generate a 2009 Pandemic H1N1-Like Virus |
| title_short | North American Triple Reassortant and Eurasian H1N1 Swine Influenza Viruses Do Not Readily Reassort to Generate a 2009 Pandemic H1N1-Like Virus |
| title_sort | north american triple reassortant and eurasian h1n1 swine influenza viruses do not readily reassort to generate a 2009 pandemic h1n1 like virus |
| url | https://journals.asm.org/doi/10.1128/mBio.00919-13 |
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