Seasonal Variability in Ocean Heat Content and Heat Flux in the Arabian Gulf
This study aimed to evaluate the seasonal variability in surface heat content in the Arabian Gulf (AG) based on hydrographic data. The ocean heat content (OHC) was initially estimated from surface to maximum depth (75 m) to show the seasonal variability, where the seasonal temperature reaches to tha...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2023-02-01
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| Series: | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/3/532 |
| _version_ | 1827749269604401152 |
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| author | Afnan Y. Alsayed Mohammed A. Alsaafani Abdullah M. Al-Subhi Turki M. Alraddadi Ahmed M. Taqi |
| author_facet | Afnan Y. Alsayed Mohammed A. Alsaafani Abdullah M. Al-Subhi Turki M. Alraddadi Ahmed M. Taqi |
| author_sort | Afnan Y. Alsayed |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study aimed to evaluate the seasonal variability in surface heat content in the Arabian Gulf (AG) based on hydrographic data. The ocean heat content (OHC) was initially estimated from surface to maximum depth (75 m) to show the seasonal variability, where the seasonal temperature reaches to that depth. Then OHC was re-estimated from the surface to a depth of 35 m, which represents the average depth of AG, to obtain accurate horizontal distributions. Results showed that during winter, the northern part of AG experiences the lowest OHC compared to the southeastern part. The monthly spatial average implies that the highest OHC of AG water was in September and October, while the lowest heat content was found in February and March. However, the OHC horizontal distributions were almost the same for the entire gulf during summer. In general, there was increasing in the OHC in the southeast region of the gulf. OHC anomalies are concentrated in the northern region of the AG, while the southeastern part near the Strait of Hormuz has the lowest values. Regarding heat flux, the highest heat gains were during spring, while the highest loss was in autumn. The water exchange between the AG and the Indian Ocean through the Strait of Hormuz may play a major role in the seasonal variability in OHC. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:21:28Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7c04eb3e64a4de0b0946eb35268add7 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2077-1312 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T06:21:28Z |
| publishDate | 2023-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Journal of Marine Science and Engineering |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7c04eb3e64a4de0b0946eb35268add72023-11-17T11:56:57ZengMDPI AGJournal of Marine Science and Engineering2077-13122023-02-0111353210.3390/jmse11030532Seasonal Variability in Ocean Heat Content and Heat Flux in the Arabian GulfAfnan Y. Alsayed0Mohammed A. Alsaafani1Abdullah M. Al-Subhi2Turki M. Alraddadi3Ahmed M. Taqi4Department of Marine Physics, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Marine Physics, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Marine Physics, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Marine Physics, King Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box 80207, Jeddah 21589, Saudi ArabiaDepartment of Marine Physics, Hodeidah University, Hodeidah P.O. Box 3114, YemenThis study aimed to evaluate the seasonal variability in surface heat content in the Arabian Gulf (AG) based on hydrographic data. The ocean heat content (OHC) was initially estimated from surface to maximum depth (75 m) to show the seasonal variability, where the seasonal temperature reaches to that depth. Then OHC was re-estimated from the surface to a depth of 35 m, which represents the average depth of AG, to obtain accurate horizontal distributions. Results showed that during winter, the northern part of AG experiences the lowest OHC compared to the southeastern part. The monthly spatial average implies that the highest OHC of AG water was in September and October, while the lowest heat content was found in February and March. However, the OHC horizontal distributions were almost the same for the entire gulf during summer. In general, there was increasing in the OHC in the southeast region of the gulf. OHC anomalies are concentrated in the northern region of the AG, while the southeastern part near the Strait of Hormuz has the lowest values. Regarding heat flux, the highest heat gains were during spring, while the highest loss was in autumn. The water exchange between the AG and the Indian Ocean through the Strait of Hormuz may play a major role in the seasonal variability in OHC.https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/3/532Arabian Gulfocean heat contentheat capacitythermal expansionvertical mixing |
| spellingShingle | Afnan Y. Alsayed Mohammed A. Alsaafani Abdullah M. Al-Subhi Turki M. Alraddadi Ahmed M. Taqi Seasonal Variability in Ocean Heat Content and Heat Flux in the Arabian Gulf Journal of Marine Science and Engineering Arabian Gulf ocean heat content heat capacity thermal expansion vertical mixing |
| title | Seasonal Variability in Ocean Heat Content and Heat Flux in the Arabian Gulf |
| title_full | Seasonal Variability in Ocean Heat Content and Heat Flux in the Arabian Gulf |
| title_fullStr | Seasonal Variability in Ocean Heat Content and Heat Flux in the Arabian Gulf |
| title_full_unstemmed | Seasonal Variability in Ocean Heat Content and Heat Flux in the Arabian Gulf |
| title_short | Seasonal Variability in Ocean Heat Content and Heat Flux in the Arabian Gulf |
| title_sort | seasonal variability in ocean heat content and heat flux in the arabian gulf |
| topic | Arabian Gulf ocean heat content heat capacity thermal expansion vertical mixing |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1312/11/3/532 |
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