COSMOS-Europe: a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensors
<p>Climate change increases the occurrence and severity of droughts due to increasing temperatures, altered circulation patterns, and reduced snow occurrence. While Europe has suffered from drought events in the last decade unlike ever seen since the beginning of weather recordings, harmonized...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Earth System Science Data |
| Online Access: | https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/1125/2022/essd-14-1125-2022.pdf |
| _version_ | 1819121155747872768 |
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| author | H. R. Bogena M. Schrön J. Jakobi P. Ney S. Zacharias M. Andreasen R. Baatz D. Boorman M. B. Duygu M. A. Eguibar-Galán B. Fersch T. Franke J. Geris M. González Sanchis Y. Kerr T. Korf Z. Mengistu A. Mialon P. Nasta J. Nitychoruk V. Pisinaras D. Rasche R. Rosolem H. Said P. Schattan M. Zreda S. Achleitner E. Albentosa-Hernández Z. Akyürek T. Blume A. del Campo D. Canone K. Dimitrova-Petrova J. G. Evans S. Ferraris F. Frances D. Gisolo A. Güntner F. Herrmann J. Iwema K. H. Jensen H. Kunstmann H. Kunstmann A. Lidón M. C. Looms S. Oswald A. Panagopoulos A. Patil D. Power C. Rebmann N. Romano L. Scheiffele S. Seneviratne G. Weltin H. Vereecken |
| author_facet | H. R. Bogena M. Schrön J. Jakobi P. Ney S. Zacharias M. Andreasen R. Baatz D. Boorman M. B. Duygu M. A. Eguibar-Galán B. Fersch T. Franke J. Geris M. González Sanchis Y. Kerr T. Korf Z. Mengistu A. Mialon P. Nasta J. Nitychoruk V. Pisinaras D. Rasche R. Rosolem H. Said P. Schattan M. Zreda S. Achleitner E. Albentosa-Hernández Z. Akyürek T. Blume A. del Campo D. Canone K. Dimitrova-Petrova J. G. Evans S. Ferraris F. Frances D. Gisolo A. Güntner F. Herrmann J. Iwema K. H. Jensen H. Kunstmann H. Kunstmann A. Lidón M. C. Looms S. Oswald A. Panagopoulos A. Patil D. Power C. Rebmann N. Romano L. Scheiffele S. Seneviratne G. Weltin H. Vereecken |
| author_sort | H. R. Bogena |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Climate change increases the occurrence and severity of
droughts due to increasing temperatures, altered circulation patterns, and
reduced snow occurrence. While Europe has suffered from drought events in
the last decade unlike ever seen since the beginning of weather recordings,
harmonized long-term datasets across the continent are needed to monitor
change and support predictions. Here we present soil moisture data from 66
cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNSs) in Europe (COSMOS-Europe for short)
covering recent drought events. The CRNS sites are distributed across Europe
and cover all major land use types and climate zones in Europe. The raw
neutron count data from the CRNS stations were provided by 24 research
institutions and processed using state-of-the-art methods. The harmonized
processing included correction of the raw neutron counts and a harmonized
methodology for the conversion into soil moisture based on available in situ
information. In addition, the uncertainty estimate is provided with the
dataset, information that is particularly useful for remote sensing and
modeling applications. This paper presents the current spatiotemporal
coverage of CRNS stations in Europe and describes the protocols for data
processing from raw measurements to consistent soil moisture products. The
data of the presented COSMOS-Europe network open up a manifold of potential
applications for environmental research, such as remote sensing data
validation, trend analysis, or model assimilation. The dataset could be of
particular importance for the analysis of extreme climatic events at the
continental scale. Due its timely relevance in the scope of climate change
in the recent years, we demonstrate this potential application with a brief
analysis on the spatiotemporal soil moisture variability. The dataset,
entitled “Dataset of COSMOS-Europe: A European network of Cosmic-Ray
Neutron Soil Moisture Sensors”, is shared via Forschungszentrum Jülich:
<a href="https://doi.org/10.34731/x9s3-kr48">https://doi.org/10.34731/x9s3-kr48</a> (Bogena and Ney, 2021).</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:32:04Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7cc135cf5704492a23d0a022c9139f1 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1866-3508 1866-3516 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-22T06:32:04Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Earth System Science Data |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7cc135cf5704492a23d0a022c9139f12022-12-21T18:35:41ZengCopernicus PublicationsEarth System Science Data1866-35081866-35162022-03-01141125115110.5194/essd-14-1125-2022COSMOS-Europe: a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensorsH. R. Bogena0M. Schrön1J. Jakobi2P. Ney3S. Zacharias4M. Andreasen5R. Baatz6D. Boorman7M. B. Duygu8M. A. Eguibar-Galán9B. Fersch10T. Franke11J. Geris12M. González Sanchis13Y. Kerr14T. Korf15Z. Mengistu16A. Mialon17P. Nasta18J. Nitychoruk19V. Pisinaras20D. Rasche21R. Rosolem22H. Said23P. Schattan24M. Zreda25S. Achleitner26E. Albentosa-Hernández27Z. Akyürek28T. Blume29A. del Campo30D. Canone31K. Dimitrova-Petrova32J. G. Evans33S. Ferraris34F. Frances35D. Gisolo36A. Güntner37F. Herrmann38J. Iwema39K. H. Jensen40H. Kunstmann41H. Kunstmann42A. Lidón43M. C. Looms44S. Oswald45A. Panagopoulos46A. Patil47D. Power48C. Rebmann49N. Romano50L. Scheiffele51S. Seneviratne52G. Weltin53H. Vereecken54Agrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, GermanyDepartment of Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, GermanyAgrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, GermanyAgrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, GermanyDepartment of Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, GermanyGeological Survey of Denmark and Greenland, 1350 Copenhagen, DenmarkAgrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, GermanyUK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, OX108BB, UKWater Resources Laboratory of Civil Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, TurkeyResearch Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainKarlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Alpine (IMK-IFU), 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, GermanyInstitute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, GermanyNorthern Rivers Institute, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UKHydraulic and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainCNES, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, UPS, CESBIO Université Toulouse 3, 31401 Toulouse, FranceAgrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, GermanyNorwegian Water Resources and Energy Directorate, 0301 Oslo, NorwayCNES, CNRS, INRAE, IRD, UPS, CESBIO Université Toulouse 3, 31401 Toulouse, FranceDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, AFBE Division, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, ItalyFaculty of Economic Sciences and Technology, Pope John Paul II State School of Higher Education, 95/97, Biala Podlaska, PolandSoil and Water Resources Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, 57400 Sindos, Thessaloniki, GreeceSection Hydrology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, 14473 Potsdam, GermanyDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of Bristol, BS81TH Bristol, UKDepartment of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, AustriaInstitute of Geography, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaDepartment of Hydrology and Atmospheric Sciences, University of Arizona, Tucson, USAInstitute of Geography, University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, AustriaResearch Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainWater Resources Laboratory of Civil Engineering Department, Middle East Technical University, 06800 Ankara, TurkeySection Hydrology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, 14473 Potsdam, GermanyHydraulic and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Regional and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Turin, 10125 Turin, ItalyNorthern Rivers Institute, School of Geosciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, UKUK Centre for Ecology & Hydrology, Wallingford, OX108BB, UKDepartment of Regional and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Turin, 10125 Turin, ItalyResearch Institute of Water and Environmental Engineering (IIAMA), Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Regional and Urban Planning, Polytechnic University of Turin, 10125 Turin, ItalySection Hydrology, GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences, 14473 Potsdam, GermanyAgrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, GermanyWageningen Environmental Research, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the NetherlandsDepartment of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkKarlsruhe Institute of Technology, Campus Alpine (IMK-IFU), 82467 Garmisch-Partenkirchen, GermanyInstitute of Geography, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, GermanyHydraulic and Environmental Engineering Department, Universitat Politècnica de València, 46022 Valencia, SpainDepartment of Geosciences and Natural Resource Management, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, DenmarkInstitute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, GermanySoil and Water Resources Institute, Hellenic Agricultural Organization “DEMETER”, 57400 Sindos, Thessaloniki, GreeceInstitute of Geography, University of Augsburg, 86159 Augsburg, GermanyDepartment of Civil Engineering, University of Bristol, BS81TH Bristol, UKDepartment of Monitoring and Exploration Technologies, Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research GmbH, 04318 Leipzig, GermanyDepartment of Agricultural Sciences, AFBE Division, University of Naples Federico II, Portici, Naples, ItalyInstitute of Environmental Science and Geography, University of Potsdam, 14476 Potsdam, GermanyDepartment of Environmental Systems Science, CHN N 11, ETH Zürich, 8092 Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Nuclear Sciences and Applications, Soil and Water Management and Crop Nutrition Laboratory, Joint FAO/IAEA Centre of Nuclear Techniques in Food and Agriculture, International Atomic Energy Agency, Vienna, AustriaAgrosphere Institute (IBG-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, 52425 Jülich, Germany<p>Climate change increases the occurrence and severity of droughts due to increasing temperatures, altered circulation patterns, and reduced snow occurrence. While Europe has suffered from drought events in the last decade unlike ever seen since the beginning of weather recordings, harmonized long-term datasets across the continent are needed to monitor change and support predictions. Here we present soil moisture data from 66 cosmic-ray neutron sensors (CRNSs) in Europe (COSMOS-Europe for short) covering recent drought events. The CRNS sites are distributed across Europe and cover all major land use types and climate zones in Europe. The raw neutron count data from the CRNS stations were provided by 24 research institutions and processed using state-of-the-art methods. The harmonized processing included correction of the raw neutron counts and a harmonized methodology for the conversion into soil moisture based on available in situ information. In addition, the uncertainty estimate is provided with the dataset, information that is particularly useful for remote sensing and modeling applications. This paper presents the current spatiotemporal coverage of CRNS stations in Europe and describes the protocols for data processing from raw measurements to consistent soil moisture products. The data of the presented COSMOS-Europe network open up a manifold of potential applications for environmental research, such as remote sensing data validation, trend analysis, or model assimilation. The dataset could be of particular importance for the analysis of extreme climatic events at the continental scale. Due its timely relevance in the scope of climate change in the recent years, we demonstrate this potential application with a brief analysis on the spatiotemporal soil moisture variability. The dataset, entitled “Dataset of COSMOS-Europe: A European network of Cosmic-Ray Neutron Soil Moisture Sensors”, is shared via Forschungszentrum Jülich: <a href="https://doi.org/10.34731/x9s3-kr48">https://doi.org/10.34731/x9s3-kr48</a> (Bogena and Ney, 2021).</p>https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/1125/2022/essd-14-1125-2022.pdf |
| spellingShingle | H. R. Bogena M. Schrön J. Jakobi P. Ney S. Zacharias M. Andreasen R. Baatz D. Boorman M. B. Duygu M. A. Eguibar-Galán B. Fersch T. Franke J. Geris M. González Sanchis Y. Kerr T. Korf Z. Mengistu A. Mialon P. Nasta J. Nitychoruk V. Pisinaras D. Rasche R. Rosolem H. Said P. Schattan M. Zreda S. Achleitner E. Albentosa-Hernández Z. Akyürek T. Blume A. del Campo D. Canone K. Dimitrova-Petrova J. G. Evans S. Ferraris F. Frances D. Gisolo A. Güntner F. Herrmann J. Iwema K. H. Jensen H. Kunstmann H. Kunstmann A. Lidón M. C. Looms S. Oswald A. Panagopoulos A. Patil D. Power C. Rebmann N. Romano L. Scheiffele S. Seneviratne G. Weltin H. Vereecken COSMOS-Europe: a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensors Earth System Science Data |
| title | COSMOS-Europe: a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensors |
| title_full | COSMOS-Europe: a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensors |
| title_fullStr | COSMOS-Europe: a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensors |
| title_full_unstemmed | COSMOS-Europe: a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensors |
| title_short | COSMOS-Europe: a European network of cosmic-ray neutron soil moisture sensors |
| title_sort | cosmos europe a european network of cosmic ray neutron soil moisture sensors |
| url | https://essd.copernicus.org/articles/14/1125/2022/essd-14-1125-2022.pdf |
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