Detailed Characterization of Solid and Volatile Particle Emissions of Two Euro 6 Diesel Vehicles
The solid particle number emissions of Diesel vehicles are very low due to the particulate filters as exhaust aftertreatment devices. However, periodically, the trapped particles are oxidized (i.e., active regeneration) in order to keep the backpressure at low levels. The solid particle number emiss...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-03-01
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| Series: | Applied Sciences |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/7/3321 |
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| author | Barouch Giechaskiel Anastasios Melas Tero Lähde |
| author_facet | Barouch Giechaskiel Anastasios Melas Tero Lähde |
| author_sort | Barouch Giechaskiel |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The solid particle number emissions of Diesel vehicles are very low due to the particulate filters as exhaust aftertreatment devices. However, periodically, the trapped particles are oxidized (i.e., active regeneration) in order to keep the backpressure at low levels. The solid particle number emissions during regenerations are only partly covered by the regulations. Many studies have examined the emissions during regenerations, but their contribution to the overall emissions has not been addressed adequately. Furthermore, the number concentration of volatile particles, which is not included in the regulations, can be many of orders of magnitude higher. In this study, the particulate emissions of two light-duty Euro 6 vehicles were measured simultaneously at the tailpipe and the dilution tunnel. The results showed that the weighted (i.e., considering the emissions during regeneration) solid particle number emissions remained well below the applicable limit of 6 × 10<sup>11</sup> #/km (solid particles > 23 nm). This was true even when considering solid sub-23 nm particles. However, the weighted volatile particle number emissions were many orders of magnitude higher, reaching up to 3 × 10<sup>13</sup> #/km. The results also confirmed the equivalency of the solid particle number results between tailpipe and dilution tunnel locations. This was not the case for the volatile particles which were strongly affected by desorption phenomena. The high number of volatiles during regenerations even interfered with the 10 nm solid particle number measurements at the dilution tunnel, even though a catalytic stripper equipped instrument was also used in the dilution tunnel. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:09:55Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7cf95510e524d31a9287885eb890bb3 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-3417 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T12:09:55Z |
| publishDate | 2022-03-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
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| series | Applied Sciences |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7cf95510e524d31a9287885eb890bb32023-11-30T22:54:07ZengMDPI AGApplied Sciences2076-34172022-03-01127332110.3390/app12073321Detailed Characterization of Solid and Volatile Particle Emissions of Two Euro 6 Diesel VehiclesBarouch Giechaskiel0Anastasios Melas1Tero Lähde2European Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, ItalyEuropean Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, ItalyEuropean Commission, Joint Research Centre (JRC), 21027 Ispra, ItalyThe solid particle number emissions of Diesel vehicles are very low due to the particulate filters as exhaust aftertreatment devices. However, periodically, the trapped particles are oxidized (i.e., active regeneration) in order to keep the backpressure at low levels. The solid particle number emissions during regenerations are only partly covered by the regulations. Many studies have examined the emissions during regenerations, but their contribution to the overall emissions has not been addressed adequately. Furthermore, the number concentration of volatile particles, which is not included in the regulations, can be many of orders of magnitude higher. In this study, the particulate emissions of two light-duty Euro 6 vehicles were measured simultaneously at the tailpipe and the dilution tunnel. The results showed that the weighted (i.e., considering the emissions during regeneration) solid particle number emissions remained well below the applicable limit of 6 × 10<sup>11</sup> #/km (solid particles > 23 nm). This was true even when considering solid sub-23 nm particles. However, the weighted volatile particle number emissions were many orders of magnitude higher, reaching up to 3 × 10<sup>13</sup> #/km. The results also confirmed the equivalency of the solid particle number results between tailpipe and dilution tunnel locations. This was not the case for the volatile particles which were strongly affected by desorption phenomena. The high number of volatiles during regenerations even interfered with the 10 nm solid particle number measurements at the dilution tunnel, even though a catalytic stripper equipped instrument was also used in the dilution tunnel.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/7/3321regenerationcatalytic strippersub-23 nmPMPartefactsvolatile particles |
| spellingShingle | Barouch Giechaskiel Anastasios Melas Tero Lähde Detailed Characterization of Solid and Volatile Particle Emissions of Two Euro 6 Diesel Vehicles Applied Sciences regeneration catalytic stripper sub-23 nm PMP artefacts volatile particles |
| title | Detailed Characterization of Solid and Volatile Particle Emissions of Two Euro 6 Diesel Vehicles |
| title_full | Detailed Characterization of Solid and Volatile Particle Emissions of Two Euro 6 Diesel Vehicles |
| title_fullStr | Detailed Characterization of Solid and Volatile Particle Emissions of Two Euro 6 Diesel Vehicles |
| title_full_unstemmed | Detailed Characterization of Solid and Volatile Particle Emissions of Two Euro 6 Diesel Vehicles |
| title_short | Detailed Characterization of Solid and Volatile Particle Emissions of Two Euro 6 Diesel Vehicles |
| title_sort | detailed characterization of solid and volatile particle emissions of two euro 6 diesel vehicles |
| topic | regeneration catalytic stripper sub-23 nm PMP artefacts volatile particles |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/7/3321 |
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