Ichthyotoxicity of ethanolic extract of Justicia extensa on behavioral and histopathological changes in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)
The effect of Justicia extensa leaf (ethanolic) extract on behavior and histopathology of Clarias gariepinus fingerling was investigated in the present study. The fish specimens were exposed to graded acute concentrations of the plant leaf extract (0.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, and 12.0 mL) for 96 h, du...
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KeAi Communications Co., Ltd.
2022-01-01
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| Series: | Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology |
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| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182622000248 |
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| author | Joshua Ekpenyong Stanley Iheanacho Francis Asuquo Irom Okey |
| author_facet | Joshua Ekpenyong Stanley Iheanacho Francis Asuquo Irom Okey |
| author_sort | Joshua Ekpenyong |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The effect of Justicia extensa leaf (ethanolic) extract on behavior and histopathology of Clarias gariepinus fingerling was investigated in the present study. The fish specimens were exposed to graded acute concentrations of the plant leaf extract (0.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, and 12.0 mL) for 96 h, during which time-dependent (24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h) lethal concentrations of J. extensa, behavior, and histopathological changes in the gill and liver of the grouped specimens were evaluated. Based on the study findings, the respective values; 10.90, 8.60, 7.00 and 6.80 mL were obtained as the 24, 48, 72 and 96 h median lethal concentrations of J. extensa leaf extract to C. gariepinus fingerling. The study further indicate that the plant affected water quality conditions of the test media in a concentration-dependent manner, except for pH. Consequently, J. extensa elicited prominent behavioral aberrations (excessive mucus secretion, air gulping, respiratory distress, erratic swimming and vertical erection) and induced histopathological lesions in the gill (hyperplasia, erosion, fusion and disorganization of secondary lamella, desquamation and cellular degeneration) and liver (hepatic coagulative necrosis, vacuolation of parenchyma, hyperplasia, necrotic hepatocytes and hepatopancreatic tissue lysis) of C. gariepinus after 96 h exposure duration. The use of plant piscicides for fishing should be applied with caution in order to avert catastrophic events in the aquatic ecosystems. |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:19:24Z |
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| id | doaj.art-b7db9fb4cee746aa9c04c1e00c4b3ec0 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2590-1826 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-11T14:19:24Z |
| publishDate | 2022-01-01 |
| publisher | KeAi Communications Co., Ltd. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7db9fb4cee746aa9c04c1e00c4b3ec02022-12-22T04:19:07ZengKeAi Communications Co., Ltd.Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology2590-18262022-01-014211215Ichthyotoxicity of ethanolic extract of Justicia extensa on behavioral and histopathological changes in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822)Joshua Ekpenyong0Stanley Iheanacho1Francis Asuquo2Irom Okey3Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, Nigeria; Corresponding author.Department of Fisheries and Aquaculture, Alex Ekwueme Federal University, Ndufu Alike, NigeriaDepartment of Physical Oceanography, University of Calabar, Calabar, NigeriaDepartment of Fisheries and Aquatic Science, Cross River University of Technology, Obubra, NigeriaThe effect of Justicia extensa leaf (ethanolic) extract on behavior and histopathology of Clarias gariepinus fingerling was investigated in the present study. The fish specimens were exposed to graded acute concentrations of the plant leaf extract (0.0, 4.0, 6.0, 8.0, 10.0, and 12.0 mL) for 96 h, during which time-dependent (24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h) lethal concentrations of J. extensa, behavior, and histopathological changes in the gill and liver of the grouped specimens were evaluated. Based on the study findings, the respective values; 10.90, 8.60, 7.00 and 6.80 mL were obtained as the 24, 48, 72 and 96 h median lethal concentrations of J. extensa leaf extract to C. gariepinus fingerling. The study further indicate that the plant affected water quality conditions of the test media in a concentration-dependent manner, except for pH. Consequently, J. extensa elicited prominent behavioral aberrations (excessive mucus secretion, air gulping, respiratory distress, erratic swimming and vertical erection) and induced histopathological lesions in the gill (hyperplasia, erosion, fusion and disorganization of secondary lamella, desquamation and cellular degeneration) and liver (hepatic coagulative necrosis, vacuolation of parenchyma, hyperplasia, necrotic hepatocytes and hepatopancreatic tissue lysis) of C. gariepinus after 96 h exposure duration. The use of plant piscicides for fishing should be applied with caution in order to avert catastrophic events in the aquatic ecosystems.http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182622000248IchthyotoxinsJusticia extensaHistopathologyBehavioral toxicityAfrican catfish |
| spellingShingle | Joshua Ekpenyong Stanley Iheanacho Francis Asuquo Irom Okey Ichthyotoxicity of ethanolic extract of Justicia extensa on behavioral and histopathological changes in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology Ichthyotoxins Justicia extensa Histopathology Behavioral toxicity African catfish |
| title | Ichthyotoxicity of ethanolic extract of Justicia extensa on behavioral and histopathological changes in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) |
| title_full | Ichthyotoxicity of ethanolic extract of Justicia extensa on behavioral and histopathological changes in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) |
| title_fullStr | Ichthyotoxicity of ethanolic extract of Justicia extensa on behavioral and histopathological changes in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) |
| title_full_unstemmed | Ichthyotoxicity of ethanolic extract of Justicia extensa on behavioral and histopathological changes in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) |
| title_short | Ichthyotoxicity of ethanolic extract of Justicia extensa on behavioral and histopathological changes in Clarias gariepinus (Burchell, 1822) |
| title_sort | ichthyotoxicity of ethanolic extract of justicia extensa on behavioral and histopathological changes in clarias gariepinus burchell 1822 |
| topic | Ichthyotoxins Justicia extensa Histopathology Behavioral toxicity African catfish |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2590182622000248 |
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