Stream laws in analog tectonic-landscape models
<p>The interplay between tectonics and surface processes defines the evolution of mountain belts. However, correlating these processes through the evolution of natural orogens represents a scientific challenge. Analog models can be used for analyzing and interpreting the effect of such interac...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Copernicus Publications
2023-08-01
|
| Series: | Earth Surface Dynamics |
| Online Access: | https://esurf.copernicus.org/articles/11/731/2023/esurf-11-731-2023.pdf |
| _version_ | 1797758048452739072 |
|---|---|
| author | R. Reitano R. Clementucci E. M. Conrad F. Corbi R. Lanari C. Faccenna C. Faccenna C. Bazzucchi |
| author_facet | R. Reitano R. Clementucci E. M. Conrad F. Corbi R. Lanari C. Faccenna C. Faccenna C. Bazzucchi |
| author_sort | R. Reitano |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>The interplay between tectonics and surface processes defines the evolution of mountain belts. However, correlating these processes through the evolution of natural orogens represents a scientific challenge. Analog models can be used for analyzing and interpreting the effect of such interaction. To fulfill this purpose it is necessary to understand how the imposed boundary conditions affect analog models' evolution in time and space. We use nine analog models characterized by different combinations of imposed regional slope and rainfall rates to investigate how surface processes respond to the presence of tectonically built topography (imposed slope) under different climatic conditions (rainfall rate). We show how the combination of these parameters controls the development of drainage networks and erosional processes. We quantify the morphological differences between experimental landscapes in terms of a proposed <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><msub><mi>S</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi></msub><mo>/</mo><mi>R</mi></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="0c7cf64651ed69b634974e5a71a0b65d"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="esurf-11-731-2023-ie00001.svg" width="28pt" height="14pt" src="esurf-11-731-2023-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> ratio, accounting for both observables and boundary conditions. We find few differences between analog models and natural prototypes in terms of parametrization of the detachment-limited stream power law. We observe a threshold in the development of channelization, modulated by a tradeoff between applied boundary conditions.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-12T18:24:08Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7ddf82aaa3c4e5683432c0643ceff92 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2196-6311 2196-632X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-12T18:24:08Z |
| publishDate | 2023-08-01 |
| publisher | Copernicus Publications |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Earth Surface Dynamics |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7ddf82aaa3c4e5683432c0643ceff922023-08-02T08:37:15ZengCopernicus PublicationsEarth Surface Dynamics2196-63112196-632X2023-08-011173174010.5194/esurf-11-731-2023Stream laws in analog tectonic-landscape modelsR. Reitano0R. Clementucci1E. M. Conrad2F. Corbi3R. Lanari4C. Faccenna5C. Faccenna6C. Bazzucchi7Laboratory of Experimental Tectonics, Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, ItalyDepartment of Earth Sciences, ETH Zurich, Zurich, SwitzerlandDepartment of Geological Sciences, Jackson School of Geosciences, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX USAIstituto di Geologia Ambientale e Geoingegneria, National Research Council – CNR, Rome, ItalyInstitute of Geosciences and Earth Resources, National Research Council – CNR, Florence, ItalyLaboratory of Experimental Tectonics, Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, ItalyLithosphere Dynamics, Helmholtz Centre Potsdam, German Research Centre for Geosciences (GFZ), Potsdam, GermanyLaboratory of Experimental Tectonics, Department of Science, Roma Tre University, Rome, Italy<p>The interplay between tectonics and surface processes defines the evolution of mountain belts. However, correlating these processes through the evolution of natural orogens represents a scientific challenge. Analog models can be used for analyzing and interpreting the effect of such interaction. To fulfill this purpose it is necessary to understand how the imposed boundary conditions affect analog models' evolution in time and space. We use nine analog models characterized by different combinations of imposed regional slope and rainfall rates to investigate how surface processes respond to the presence of tectonically built topography (imposed slope) under different climatic conditions (rainfall rate). We show how the combination of these parameters controls the development of drainage networks and erosional processes. We quantify the morphological differences between experimental landscapes in terms of a proposed <span class="inline-formula"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" id="M1" display="inline" overflow="scroll" dspmath="mathml"><mrow><msub><mi>S</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">e</mi></msub><mo>/</mo><mi>R</mi></mrow></math><span><svg:svg xmlns:svg="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="28pt" height="14pt" class="svg-formula" dspmath="mathimg" md5hash="0c7cf64651ed69b634974e5a71a0b65d"><svg:image xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xlink:href="esurf-11-731-2023-ie00001.svg" width="28pt" height="14pt" src="esurf-11-731-2023-ie00001.png"/></svg:svg></span></span> ratio, accounting for both observables and boundary conditions. We find few differences between analog models and natural prototypes in terms of parametrization of the detachment-limited stream power law. We observe a threshold in the development of channelization, modulated by a tradeoff between applied boundary conditions.</p>https://esurf.copernicus.org/articles/11/731/2023/esurf-11-731-2023.pdf |
| spellingShingle | R. Reitano R. Clementucci E. M. Conrad F. Corbi R. Lanari C. Faccenna C. Faccenna C. Bazzucchi Stream laws in analog tectonic-landscape models Earth Surface Dynamics |
| title | Stream laws in analog tectonic-landscape models |
| title_full | Stream laws in analog tectonic-landscape models |
| title_fullStr | Stream laws in analog tectonic-landscape models |
| title_full_unstemmed | Stream laws in analog tectonic-landscape models |
| title_short | Stream laws in analog tectonic-landscape models |
| title_sort | stream laws in analog tectonic landscape models |
| url | https://esurf.copernicus.org/articles/11/731/2023/esurf-11-731-2023.pdf |
| work_keys_str_mv | AT rreitano streamlawsinanalogtectoniclandscapemodels AT rclementucci streamlawsinanalogtectoniclandscapemodels AT emconrad streamlawsinanalogtectoniclandscapemodels AT fcorbi streamlawsinanalogtectoniclandscapemodels AT rlanari streamlawsinanalogtectoniclandscapemodels AT cfaccenna streamlawsinanalogtectoniclandscapemodels AT cfaccenna streamlawsinanalogtectoniclandscapemodels AT cbazzucchi streamlawsinanalogtectoniclandscapemodels |