Microbial Communities of Meat and Meat Products: An Exploratory Analysis of the Product Quality and Safety at Selected Enterprises in South Africa
Consumption of food that is contaminated by microorganisms, chemicals, and toxins may lead to significant morbidity and mortality, which has negative socioeconomic and public health implications. Monitoring and surveillance of microbial diversity along the food value chain is a key component for haz...
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| Format: | Article |
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MDPI AG
2021-02-01
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| Series: | Microorganisms |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/3/507 |
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| author | Evelyn Madoroba Kudakwashe Magwedere Nyaradzo Stella Chaora Itumeleng Matle Farai Muchadeyi Masenyabu Aletta Mathole Rian Pierneef |
| author_facet | Evelyn Madoroba Kudakwashe Magwedere Nyaradzo Stella Chaora Itumeleng Matle Farai Muchadeyi Masenyabu Aletta Mathole Rian Pierneef |
| author_sort | Evelyn Madoroba |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Consumption of food that is contaminated by microorganisms, chemicals, and toxins may lead to significant morbidity and mortality, which has negative socioeconomic and public health implications. Monitoring and surveillance of microbial diversity along the food value chain is a key component for hazard identification and evaluation of potential pathogen risks from farm to the consumer. The aim of this study was to determine the microbial diversity in meat and meat products from different enterprises and meat types in South Africa. Samples (<i>n</i> = 2017) were analyzed for <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> species, <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>, <i>Campylobacter coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Clostridium perfringens</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, and <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> using culture-based methods. PCR was used for confirmation of selected pathogens. Of the 2017 samples analyzed, microbial ecology was assessed for selected subsamples where next generation sequencing had been conducted, followed by the application of computational methods to reconstruct individual genomes from the respective sample (metagenomics). With the exception of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i>, selective culture-dependent methods revealed that samples were contaminated with at least one of the tested foodborne pathogens. The data from metagenomics analysis revealed the presence of diverse bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The analyses provide evidence of diverse and highly variable microbial communities in products of animal origin, which is important for food safety, food labeling, biosecurity, and shelf life limiting spoilage by microorganisms. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:17:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7df15c2de7e4cdc8e4857068119c12d |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-2607 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T06:17:03Z |
| publishDate | 2021-02-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Microorganisms |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7df15c2de7e4cdc8e4857068119c12d2023-12-03T11:52:55ZengMDPI AGMicroorganisms2076-26072021-02-019350710.3390/microorganisms9030507Microbial Communities of Meat and Meat Products: An Exploratory Analysis of the Product Quality and Safety at Selected Enterprises in South AfricaEvelyn Madoroba0Kudakwashe Magwedere1Nyaradzo Stella Chaora2Itumeleng Matle3Farai Muchadeyi4Masenyabu Aletta Mathole5Rian Pierneef6Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Faculty of Science and Agriculture, University of Zululand, KwaDlangezwa 3886, South AfricaDirectorate of Veterinary Public Health, Department of Agriculture, Land Reform and Rural Development, Pretoria 0001, South AfricaDepartment of Life and Consumer Sciences, College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, University of South Africa, Florida 1710, South AfricaBacteriology Division, Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort 0110, South AfricaBiotechnology Platform, Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X 05, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South AfricaBacteriology Division, Agricultural Research Council, Onderstepoort Veterinary Research, Onderstepoort 0110, South AfricaBiotechnology Platform, Agricultural Research Council, Private Bag X 05, Onderstepoort, Pretoria 0110, South AfricaConsumption of food that is contaminated by microorganisms, chemicals, and toxins may lead to significant morbidity and mortality, which has negative socioeconomic and public health implications. Monitoring and surveillance of microbial diversity along the food value chain is a key component for hazard identification and evaluation of potential pathogen risks from farm to the consumer. The aim of this study was to determine the microbial diversity in meat and meat products from different enterprises and meat types in South Africa. Samples (<i>n</i> = 2017) were analyzed for <i>Yersinia enterocolitica</i>, <i>Salmonella</i> species, <i>Listeria monocytogenes</i>, <i>Campylobacter jejuni</i>, <i>Campylobacter coli</i>, <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i>, <i>Clostridium perfringens</i>, <i>Bacillus cereus</i>, and <i>Clostridium botulinum</i> using culture-based methods. PCR was used for confirmation of selected pathogens. Of the 2017 samples analyzed, microbial ecology was assessed for selected subsamples where next generation sequencing had been conducted, followed by the application of computational methods to reconstruct individual genomes from the respective sample (metagenomics). With the exception of <i>Clostridium botulinum</i>, selective culture-dependent methods revealed that samples were contaminated with at least one of the tested foodborne pathogens. The data from metagenomics analysis revealed the presence of diverse bacteria, viruses, and fungi. The analyses provide evidence of diverse and highly variable microbial communities in products of animal origin, which is important for food safety, food labeling, biosecurity, and shelf life limiting spoilage by microorganisms.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/3/507pathogensone healthfood safetybiosecuritymeat value chainculture dependent techniques |
| spellingShingle | Evelyn Madoroba Kudakwashe Magwedere Nyaradzo Stella Chaora Itumeleng Matle Farai Muchadeyi Masenyabu Aletta Mathole Rian Pierneef Microbial Communities of Meat and Meat Products: An Exploratory Analysis of the Product Quality and Safety at Selected Enterprises in South Africa Microorganisms pathogens one health food safety biosecurity meat value chain culture dependent techniques |
| title | Microbial Communities of Meat and Meat Products: An Exploratory Analysis of the Product Quality and Safety at Selected Enterprises in South Africa |
| title_full | Microbial Communities of Meat and Meat Products: An Exploratory Analysis of the Product Quality and Safety at Selected Enterprises in South Africa |
| title_fullStr | Microbial Communities of Meat and Meat Products: An Exploratory Analysis of the Product Quality and Safety at Selected Enterprises in South Africa |
| title_full_unstemmed | Microbial Communities of Meat and Meat Products: An Exploratory Analysis of the Product Quality and Safety at Selected Enterprises in South Africa |
| title_short | Microbial Communities of Meat and Meat Products: An Exploratory Analysis of the Product Quality and Safety at Selected Enterprises in South Africa |
| title_sort | microbial communities of meat and meat products an exploratory analysis of the product quality and safety at selected enterprises in south africa |
| topic | pathogens one health food safety biosecurity meat value chain culture dependent techniques |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-2607/9/3/507 |
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