Particulate matter and the airway epithelium: the special case of the underground?
Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a leading driver of premature mortality and cardiopulmonary morbidity, associated with exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer. The airway epithelium, as the principal site of PM deposition,...
| Main Authors: | , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
European Respiratory Society
2019-09-01
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| Series: | European Respiratory Review |
| Online Access: | http://err.ersjournals.com/content/28/153/190066.full |
| _version_ | 1819265405263282176 |
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| author | Dawn M. Cooper Matthew Loxham |
| author_facet | Dawn M. Cooper Matthew Loxham |
| author_sort | Dawn M. Cooper |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a leading driver of premature mortality and cardiopulmonary morbidity, associated with exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer. The airway epithelium, as the principal site of PM deposition, is critical to the effects of, and initial response to, PM. A key mechanism by which PM exerts its effects is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inducing antioxidant and inflammatory responses in exposed epithelial cells. However, much of what is known about the effects of PM is based on research using particulates from urban air. PM from underground railways is compositionally highly distinct from urban PM, being rich in metals associated with wheel, rail and brake wear and electrical arcing and component wear, which endows underground PM with potent ROS-generating capacity. In addition, underground PM appears to be more inflammogenic than urban PM in epithelial cells, but there is a lack of research into effects on exposed individuals, especially those with underlying health conditions. This review summarises current knowledge about the effects of PM on the airway epithelium, how the effects of underground PM may be different to urban PM and the potential health consequences and mitigation strategies for commuters and workers in underground railways. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-23T20:44:51Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b7e9284b1aca48b99018db716872c1b4 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 0905-9180 1600-0617 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-23T20:44:51Z |
| publishDate | 2019-09-01 |
| publisher | European Respiratory Society |
| record_format | Article |
| series | European Respiratory Review |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7e9284b1aca48b99018db716872c1b42022-12-21T17:31:49ZengEuropean Respiratory SocietyEuropean Respiratory Review0905-91801600-06172019-09-012815310.1183/16000617.0066-20190066-2019Particulate matter and the airway epithelium: the special case of the underground?Dawn M. Cooper0Matthew Loxham1 School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK School of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK Airborne particulate matter (PM) is a leading driver of premature mortality and cardiopulmonary morbidity, associated with exacerbations of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and lung cancer. The airway epithelium, as the principal site of PM deposition, is critical to the effects of, and initial response to, PM. A key mechanism by which PM exerts its effects is the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), inducing antioxidant and inflammatory responses in exposed epithelial cells. However, much of what is known about the effects of PM is based on research using particulates from urban air. PM from underground railways is compositionally highly distinct from urban PM, being rich in metals associated with wheel, rail and brake wear and electrical arcing and component wear, which endows underground PM with potent ROS-generating capacity. In addition, underground PM appears to be more inflammogenic than urban PM in epithelial cells, but there is a lack of research into effects on exposed individuals, especially those with underlying health conditions. This review summarises current knowledge about the effects of PM on the airway epithelium, how the effects of underground PM may be different to urban PM and the potential health consequences and mitigation strategies for commuters and workers in underground railways.http://err.ersjournals.com/content/28/153/190066.full |
| spellingShingle | Dawn M. Cooper Matthew Loxham Particulate matter and the airway epithelium: the special case of the underground? European Respiratory Review |
| title | Particulate matter and the airway epithelium: the special case of the underground? |
| title_full | Particulate matter and the airway epithelium: the special case of the underground? |
| title_fullStr | Particulate matter and the airway epithelium: the special case of the underground? |
| title_full_unstemmed | Particulate matter and the airway epithelium: the special case of the underground? |
| title_short | Particulate matter and the airway epithelium: the special case of the underground? |
| title_sort | particulate matter and the airway epithelium the special case of the underground |
| url | http://err.ersjournals.com/content/28/153/190066.full |
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