| Summary: | This study reports the isolation of three new C<sub>20</sub> diterpenoid alkaloids, Chitralinine A–C (<b>1</b>–<b>3</b>) from the aerial parts of <i>Delphinium chitralense</i>. Their structures were established on the basis of latest spectral techniques and single crystal X-rays crystallographic studies of chitralinine A described basic skeleton of these compounds. All the isolated Compounds (<b>1</b>–<b>3</b>) showed strong, competitive type inhibition against acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE) in comparison to standard allanzanthane and galanthamine however, chitralinine-C remained the most potent with IC<sub>50</sub> value of 11.64 ± 0.08 μM against AChE, and 24.31 ± 0.33 μM against BChE, respectively. The molecular docking reflected a binding free energy of −16.400 K Cal-mol<sup>−1</sup> for chitralinine-C, having strong interactions with active site residues, TYR334, ASP72, SER122, and SER200. The overall findings suggest that these new diterpenoid alkaloids could serve as lead drugs against dementia-related diseases including Alzheimer’s disease.
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