Effects of Heterogenization Treatment on the Hot-Working Temperature and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-(Zr) Alloys
This study investigated the effects of a minor Zr addition (0.15 wt%) and heterogenization treatment (one-stage/two-stage) on the hot-working temperature and mechanical properties in Al-4.9Cu-1.2Mg-0.9Mn alloy. The results indicated that the eutectic phases (α-Al + θ-Al<sub>2</sub>Cu + S...
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MDPI AG
2023-06-01
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/12/4256 |
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| author | Ming-Che Wen Yuan-Da Hsu Mien-Chung Chen Wen-Chen Yang Sheng-Long Lee |
| author_facet | Ming-Che Wen Yuan-Da Hsu Mien-Chung Chen Wen-Chen Yang Sheng-Long Lee |
| author_sort | Ming-Che Wen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | This study investigated the effects of a minor Zr addition (0.15 wt%) and heterogenization treatment (one-stage/two-stage) on the hot-working temperature and mechanical properties in Al-4.9Cu-1.2Mg-0.9Mn alloy. The results indicated that the eutectic phases (α-Al + θ-Al<sub>2</sub>Cu + S-Al<sub>2</sub>CuMg) dissolved after heterogenization, retaining θ-Al<sub>2</sub>Cu and τ<sub>1</sub>-Al<sub>29</sub>Cu<sub>4</sub>Mn<sub>6</sub> phases, while the onset melting temperature increased to approximately 17 °C. A change in the onset melting temperature and evolution of the microstructure is used to assess an improvement in hot-working behavior. With the minor Zr addition, the alloy exhibited enhanced mechanical properties due to grain growth inhibition. Zr-added alloys show 490 ± 3 MPa ultimate tensile strength and 77.5 ± 0.7 HRB hardness after T4 tempering, compared to 460 ± 2.2 MPa and 73.7 ± 0.4 HRB for un-added alloys. Additionally, combining minor Zr addition and two-stage heterogenization resulted in finer Al<sub>3</sub>Zr dispersoids. Two-stage heterogenized alloys had an average Al<sub>3</sub>Zr size of 15 ± 5 nm, while one-stage heterogenized alloys had an average size of 25 ± 8 nm. A partial decrease in the mechanical properties of the Zr-free alloy was observed after two-stage heterogenization. The one-stage heterogenized alloy had 75.4 ± 0.4 HRB hardness after being T4-tempered, whereas the two-stage heterogenized alloy had 73.7 ± 0.4 HRB hardness after being T4-tempered. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:13:45Z |
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| issn | 1996-1944 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-11T02:13:45Z |
| publishDate | 2023-06-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Materials |
| spelling | doaj.art-b7fb58eafbfe4c9d9e7589c5f8b3afd42023-11-18T11:23:44ZengMDPI AGMaterials1996-19442023-06-011612425610.3390/ma16124256Effects of Heterogenization Treatment on the Hot-Working Temperature and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-(Zr) AlloysMing-Che Wen0Yuan-Da Hsu1Mien-Chung Chen2Wen-Chen Yang3Sheng-Long Lee4Institute of Material Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, TaiwanDepartment of Mechanical Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, TaiwanInstitute of Material Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, TaiwanInstitute of Material Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, TaiwanInstitute of Material Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 320, TaiwanThis study investigated the effects of a minor Zr addition (0.15 wt%) and heterogenization treatment (one-stage/two-stage) on the hot-working temperature and mechanical properties in Al-4.9Cu-1.2Mg-0.9Mn alloy. The results indicated that the eutectic phases (α-Al + θ-Al<sub>2</sub>Cu + S-Al<sub>2</sub>CuMg) dissolved after heterogenization, retaining θ-Al<sub>2</sub>Cu and τ<sub>1</sub>-Al<sub>29</sub>Cu<sub>4</sub>Mn<sub>6</sub> phases, while the onset melting temperature increased to approximately 17 °C. A change in the onset melting temperature and evolution of the microstructure is used to assess an improvement in hot-working behavior. With the minor Zr addition, the alloy exhibited enhanced mechanical properties due to grain growth inhibition. Zr-added alloys show 490 ± 3 MPa ultimate tensile strength and 77.5 ± 0.7 HRB hardness after T4 tempering, compared to 460 ± 2.2 MPa and 73.7 ± 0.4 HRB for un-added alloys. Additionally, combining minor Zr addition and two-stage heterogenization resulted in finer Al<sub>3</sub>Zr dispersoids. Two-stage heterogenized alloys had an average Al<sub>3</sub>Zr size of 15 ± 5 nm, while one-stage heterogenized alloys had an average size of 25 ± 8 nm. A partial decrease in the mechanical properties of the Zr-free alloy was observed after two-stage heterogenization. The one-stage heterogenized alloy had 75.4 ± 0.4 HRB hardness after being T4-tempered, whereas the two-stage heterogenized alloy had 73.7 ± 0.4 HRB hardness after being T4-tempered.https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/12/4256Al-Cu-Mg-Mn alloyzirconiumheterogenizationAl<sub>3</sub>Zrmelting temperature |
| spellingShingle | Ming-Che Wen Yuan-Da Hsu Mien-Chung Chen Wen-Chen Yang Sheng-Long Lee Effects of Heterogenization Treatment on the Hot-Working Temperature and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-(Zr) Alloys Materials Al-Cu-Mg-Mn alloy zirconium heterogenization Al<sub>3</sub>Zr melting temperature |
| title | Effects of Heterogenization Treatment on the Hot-Working Temperature and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-(Zr) Alloys |
| title_full | Effects of Heterogenization Treatment on the Hot-Working Temperature and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-(Zr) Alloys |
| title_fullStr | Effects of Heterogenization Treatment on the Hot-Working Temperature and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-(Zr) Alloys |
| title_full_unstemmed | Effects of Heterogenization Treatment on the Hot-Working Temperature and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-(Zr) Alloys |
| title_short | Effects of Heterogenization Treatment on the Hot-Working Temperature and Mechanical Properties of Al-Cu-Mg-Mn-(Zr) Alloys |
| title_sort | effects of heterogenization treatment on the hot working temperature and mechanical properties of al cu mg mn zr alloys |
| topic | Al-Cu-Mg-Mn alloy zirconium heterogenization Al<sub>3</sub>Zr melting temperature |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/16/12/4256 |
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