Onychomycosis in Qassim Region of Saudi Arabia: A Clinicoaetiologic Correlation
Background: Onychomycosis is mainly caused by dermatophytes, but yeasts and nondermatophyte molds have also been implicated, giving rise to diverse clinical presentations. The aetiological agents of the disease may show geographic variation. Aim: The aim of the present study was to isolate the c...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , |
|---|---|
| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
JCDR Research and Publications Private Limited
2014-08-01
|
| Series: | Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://jcdr.net/articles/PDF/4757/8277_CE(Ra)_F(Sh)_PF1(PAK)_PFA(AK)_PF2(PAG).pdf |
| Summary: | Background: Onychomycosis is mainly caused by dermatophytes,
but yeasts and nondermatophyte molds have also been implicated,
giving rise to diverse clinical presentations. The aetiological agents
of the disease may show geographic variation.
Aim: The aim of the present study was to isolate the causative
pathogens and to correlate the various clinical patterns of
onychomycosis with causative pathogens.
Materials and Methods: The study population comprised 170
patients with clinical suspicion of onychomycosis. Nail samples
were collected for direct microscopic examination and culture.
Clinical patterns were noted and correlated with causative
pathogens.
Results: Out of total 170 cases included in the study, 140
(82.4%) were positive by microscopy and 77 (45.3%) showed
positive mycological findings by both microscopy and culture.
The male: female ratio was 1:2.5 and the mean age was 35.29
± 16.47 years. Fingernails were involved in 51.9%, toenails in
28.6% and both fingernails and toenails in 19.5% of the 77
patients. The clinical types noted were distal lateral subungual
onychomycosis (71.4%), proximal subungual onychomycosis
(10.4%), total dystrophic onychomycosis (10.4%), superficial
white onychomycosis (3.9%) and mixed pattern onychomycosis
(3.9%). Yeasts were the most common pathogens isolated,
being found in 36 patients (46.8%) followed by nondermatophyte
molds which were isolated from 28 patients (36.4%) followed by
dermatophytes which were isolated from 13 patients (16.9%).
Conclusion: Distal lateral subungual onychomycosis was the
most common clinical presentation. Candida albicans, Aspergillus
species and Tricophyton rubrum were the major pathogens. A
single pathogen can give rise to more than one clinical type. |
|---|---|
| ISSN: | 2249-782X 0973-709X |