A Review on Viral Metagenomics in Extreme Environments
Viruses are the most abundant biological entities in the biosphere, and have the ability to infect Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. The virome is estimated to be at least ten times more abundant than the microbiome with 107 viruses per milliliter and 109 viral particles per gram in marine waters a...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Frontiers Media S.A.
2019-10-01
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| Series: | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| Subjects: | |
| Online Access: | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02403/full |
| _version_ | 1818189641071722496 |
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| author | Sonia Dávila-Ramos Hugo G. Castelán-Sánchez Liliana Martínez-Ávila María del Rayo Sánchez-Carbente Raúl Peralta Armando Hernández-Mendoza Alan D. W. Dobson Alan D. W. Dobson Ramón A. Gonzalez Nina Pastor Ramón Alberto Batista-García |
| author_facet | Sonia Dávila-Ramos Hugo G. Castelán-Sánchez Liliana Martínez-Ávila María del Rayo Sánchez-Carbente Raúl Peralta Armando Hernández-Mendoza Alan D. W. Dobson Alan D. W. Dobson Ramón A. Gonzalez Nina Pastor Ramón Alberto Batista-García |
| author_sort | Sonia Dávila-Ramos |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Viruses are the most abundant biological entities in the biosphere, and have the ability to infect Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. The virome is estimated to be at least ten times more abundant than the microbiome with 107 viruses per milliliter and 109 viral particles per gram in marine waters and sediments or soils, respectively. Viruses represent a largely unexplored genetic diversity, having an important role in the genomic plasticity of their hosts. Moreover, they also play a significant role in the dynamics of microbial populations. In recent years, metagenomic approaches have gained increasing popularity in the study of environmental viromes, offering the possibility of extending our knowledge related to both virus diversity and their functional characterization. Extreme environments represent an interesting source of both microbiota and their virome due to their particular physicochemical conditions, such as very high or very low temperatures and >1 atm hydrostatic pressures, among others. Despite the fact that some progress has been made in our understanding of the ecology of the microbiota in these habitats, few metagenomic studies have described the viromes present in extreme ecosystems. Thus, limited advances have been made in our understanding of the virus community structure in extremophilic ecosystems, as well as in their biotechnological potential. In this review, we critically analyze recent progress in metagenomic based approaches to explore the viromes in extreme environments and we discuss the potential for new discoveries, as well as methodological challenges and perspectives. |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:46:03Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b80946c10e884927a7e942956c32d882 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1664-302X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-11T23:46:03Z |
| publishDate | 2019-10-01 |
| publisher | Frontiers Media S.A. |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Frontiers in Microbiology |
| spelling | doaj.art-b80946c10e884927a7e942956c32d8822022-12-22T00:45:36ZengFrontiers Media S.A.Frontiers in Microbiology1664-302X2019-10-011010.3389/fmicb.2019.02403472040A Review on Viral Metagenomics in Extreme EnvironmentsSonia Dávila-Ramos0Hugo G. Castelán-Sánchez1Liliana Martínez-Ávila2María del Rayo Sánchez-Carbente3Raúl Peralta4Armando Hernández-Mendoza5Alan D. W. Dobson6Alan D. W. Dobson7Ramón A. Gonzalez8Nina Pastor9Ramón Alberto Batista-García10Centro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, MexicoSchool of Microbiology, University College Cork, Cork, IrelandEnvironmental Research Institute, University College Cork, Cork, IrelandCentro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, MexicoCentro de Investigación en Dinámica Celular, Instituto de Investigación en Ciencias Básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Morelos, Cuernavaca, MexicoViruses are the most abundant biological entities in the biosphere, and have the ability to infect Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukaryotes. The virome is estimated to be at least ten times more abundant than the microbiome with 107 viruses per milliliter and 109 viral particles per gram in marine waters and sediments or soils, respectively. Viruses represent a largely unexplored genetic diversity, having an important role in the genomic plasticity of their hosts. Moreover, they also play a significant role in the dynamics of microbial populations. In recent years, metagenomic approaches have gained increasing popularity in the study of environmental viromes, offering the possibility of extending our knowledge related to both virus diversity and their functional characterization. Extreme environments represent an interesting source of both microbiota and their virome due to their particular physicochemical conditions, such as very high or very low temperatures and >1 atm hydrostatic pressures, among others. Despite the fact that some progress has been made in our understanding of the ecology of the microbiota in these habitats, few metagenomic studies have described the viromes present in extreme ecosystems. Thus, limited advances have been made in our understanding of the virus community structure in extremophilic ecosystems, as well as in their biotechnological potential. In this review, we critically analyze recent progress in metagenomic based approaches to explore the viromes in extreme environments and we discuss the potential for new discoveries, as well as methodological challenges and perspectives.https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02403/fullmetagenomicvirosphereextreme environmentviral gene bioprospectionextremophile virome |
| spellingShingle | Sonia Dávila-Ramos Hugo G. Castelán-Sánchez Liliana Martínez-Ávila María del Rayo Sánchez-Carbente Raúl Peralta Armando Hernández-Mendoza Alan D. W. Dobson Alan D. W. Dobson Ramón A. Gonzalez Nina Pastor Ramón Alberto Batista-García A Review on Viral Metagenomics in Extreme Environments Frontiers in Microbiology metagenomic virosphere extreme environment viral gene bioprospection extremophile virome |
| title | A Review on Viral Metagenomics in Extreme Environments |
| title_full | A Review on Viral Metagenomics in Extreme Environments |
| title_fullStr | A Review on Viral Metagenomics in Extreme Environments |
| title_full_unstemmed | A Review on Viral Metagenomics in Extreme Environments |
| title_short | A Review on Viral Metagenomics in Extreme Environments |
| title_sort | review on viral metagenomics in extreme environments |
| topic | metagenomic virosphere extreme environment viral gene bioprospection extremophile virome |
| url | https://www.frontiersin.org/article/10.3389/fmicb.2019.02403/full |
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