Diplopia, COVID-19 and Vaccination: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Croatia
The aim of this study was to explore diplopia as a symptom of undetected COVID-19 infection or as a possible side effect of COVID-19 vaccination. We examined 380 patients with diplopia admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of the University Hospital Centre Sestre milosrdnice in Zagreb, Croatia...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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MDPI AG
2022-09-01
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| Series: | Vaccines |
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| Online Access: | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/9/1558 |
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| author | Jelena Škunca Herman Goran Marić Maja Malenica Ravlić Lana Knežević Ivan Jerković Ena Sušić Vedrana Marić Ivanka Petric Vicković Zoran Vatavuk Ozren Polašek |
| author_facet | Jelena Škunca Herman Goran Marić Maja Malenica Ravlić Lana Knežević Ivan Jerković Ena Sušić Vedrana Marić Ivanka Petric Vicković Zoran Vatavuk Ozren Polašek |
| author_sort | Jelena Škunca Herman |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | The aim of this study was to explore diplopia as a symptom of undetected COVID-19 infection or as a possible side effect of COVID-19 vaccination. We examined 380 patients with diplopia admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of the University Hospital Centre Sestre milosrdnice in Zagreb, Croatia, from July 2020 to June 2022. After excluding patients with confirmed organic underlying diplopia causes or monocular diplopia, we linked the patient information with the national COVID-19 and vaccination registries. Among the 91 patients included in this study, previously undetected COVID-19 infection as the possible cause of diplopia was confirmed in five of them (5.5%). An additional nine patients (9.9%) were vaccinated within one month from the onset of their symptoms, while the remaining 77 had neither and were therefore considered as controls. The breakdown according to the mechanism of diplopia showed no substantial difference between the vaccinated patients and the controls. We detected marginally insignificant excess abducens nerve affection in the COVID-positive group compared with that in the controls (<i>p</i> = 0.051). Post-vaccination diplopia was equally common in patients who received vector-based or RNA-based vaccines (21.4 vs. 16.7%; <i>p</i> = 0.694). COVID-19 testing should be performed for all cases of otherwise unexplained diplopia. The risk of post-vaccination diplopia was similar in both types of vaccines administered, suggesting a lack of evidence linking specific vaccine types to diplopia. |
| first_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:16:33Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b80b1ae11644480580108d387afce579 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2076-393X |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-03-09T22:16:33Z |
| publishDate | 2022-09-01 |
| publisher | MDPI AG |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Vaccines |
| spelling | doaj.art-b80b1ae11644480580108d387afce5792023-11-23T19:23:11ZengMDPI AGVaccines2076-393X2022-09-01109155810.3390/vaccines10091558Diplopia, COVID-19 and Vaccination: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in CroatiaJelena Škunca Herman0Goran Marić1Maja Malenica Ravlić2Lana Knežević3Ivan Jerković4Ena Sušić5Vedrana Marić6Ivanka Petric Vicković7Zoran Vatavuk8Ozren Polašek9Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaCroatian Institute of Public Health, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Ophthalmology, University Hospital Centre Sestre Milosrdnice, 10000 Zagreb, CroatiaDepartment of Public Health, University of Split School of Medicine, 21000 Split, CroatiaThe aim of this study was to explore diplopia as a symptom of undetected COVID-19 infection or as a possible side effect of COVID-19 vaccination. We examined 380 patients with diplopia admitted to the Department of Ophthalmology of the University Hospital Centre Sestre milosrdnice in Zagreb, Croatia, from July 2020 to June 2022. After excluding patients with confirmed organic underlying diplopia causes or monocular diplopia, we linked the patient information with the national COVID-19 and vaccination registries. Among the 91 patients included in this study, previously undetected COVID-19 infection as the possible cause of diplopia was confirmed in five of them (5.5%). An additional nine patients (9.9%) were vaccinated within one month from the onset of their symptoms, while the remaining 77 had neither and were therefore considered as controls. The breakdown according to the mechanism of diplopia showed no substantial difference between the vaccinated patients and the controls. We detected marginally insignificant excess abducens nerve affection in the COVID-positive group compared with that in the controls (<i>p</i> = 0.051). Post-vaccination diplopia was equally common in patients who received vector-based or RNA-based vaccines (21.4 vs. 16.7%; <i>p</i> = 0.694). COVID-19 testing should be performed for all cases of otherwise unexplained diplopia. The risk of post-vaccination diplopia was similar in both types of vaccines administered, suggesting a lack of evidence linking specific vaccine types to diplopia.https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/9/1558COVID-19diplopiavaccinerisk |
| spellingShingle | Jelena Škunca Herman Goran Marić Maja Malenica Ravlić Lana Knežević Ivan Jerković Ena Sušić Vedrana Marić Ivanka Petric Vicković Zoran Vatavuk Ozren Polašek Diplopia, COVID-19 and Vaccination: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Croatia Vaccines COVID-19 diplopia vaccine risk |
| title | Diplopia, COVID-19 and Vaccination: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Croatia |
| title_full | Diplopia, COVID-19 and Vaccination: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Croatia |
| title_fullStr | Diplopia, COVID-19 and Vaccination: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Croatia |
| title_full_unstemmed | Diplopia, COVID-19 and Vaccination: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Croatia |
| title_short | Diplopia, COVID-19 and Vaccination: Results from a Cross-Sectional Study in Croatia |
| title_sort | diplopia covid 19 and vaccination results from a cross sectional study in croatia |
| topic | COVID-19 diplopia vaccine risk |
| url | https://www.mdpi.com/2076-393X/10/9/1558 |
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