Geographic variations and temporal trends of <it>Salmonella</it>-associated hospitalization in the U.S. elderly, 1991-2004: A time series analysis of the impact of HACCP regulation
<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>About 1.4 million <it>Salmonella </it>infections, a common food-borne illness, occur in the U.S. annually; the elderly (aged 65 or above) are most susceptible. In 1997, the USDA introduced the Pathogen Reduction and Hazar...
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
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BMC
2009-12-01
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| Series: | BMC Public Health |
| Online Access: | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/9/447 |
| _version_ | 1811295910877986816 |
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| author | Russell Robert M Webb Patrick Chui Kenneth KH Naumova Elena N |
| author_facet | Russell Robert M Webb Patrick Chui Kenneth KH Naumova Elena N |
| author_sort | Russell Robert M |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | <p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>About 1.4 million <it>Salmonella </it>infections, a common food-borne illness, occur in the U.S. annually; the elderly (aged 65 or above) are most susceptible. In 1997, the USDA introduced the Pathogen Reduction and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points Systems (PR/HACCP) which demands regular <it>Salmonella </it>testing in various establishments processing meat products, such as broiler chickens. Impact evaluations of PR/HACCP on hospitalizations related to <it>Salmonella </it>are lacking.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Hospitalization records of the U.S. elderly in 1991-2004 were obtained from the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services. Harmonic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the long-term trends of <it>Salmonella</it>-related hospitalizations in pre- and post-HACCP periods. Seasonal characteristics of the outcome in the nine Census divisions of the contiguous U.S. were also derived and contrasted.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Predicted rates decreased in most divisions after 1997, except South Atlantic, East South Central, and West South Central. These three divisions also demonstrated higher overall hospitalization rates, pronounced seasonal patterns, and consistent times to peak at about 32<sup>nd </sup>to 34<sup>th </sup>week of the year.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The impact of HACCP was geographically different. South Atlantic, East South Central, and West South Central divisions should be targeted in further <it>Salmonella </it>preventive programs. Further research is needed to identify the best program type and timing of implementation.</p> |
| first_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:40:38Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b81c9dbeba0c44ec86e6506e1a79abc9 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 1471-2458 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-04-13T05:40:38Z |
| publishDate | 2009-12-01 |
| publisher | BMC |
| record_format | Article |
| series | BMC Public Health |
| spelling | doaj.art-b81c9dbeba0c44ec86e6506e1a79abc92022-12-22T03:00:08ZengBMCBMC Public Health1471-24582009-12-019144710.1186/1471-2458-9-447Geographic variations and temporal trends of <it>Salmonella</it>-associated hospitalization in the U.S. elderly, 1991-2004: A time series analysis of the impact of HACCP regulationRussell Robert MWebb PatrickChui Kenneth KHNaumova Elena N<p>Abstract</p> <p>Background</p> <p>About 1.4 million <it>Salmonella </it>infections, a common food-borne illness, occur in the U.S. annually; the elderly (aged 65 or above) are most susceptible. In 1997, the USDA introduced the Pathogen Reduction and Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points Systems (PR/HACCP) which demands regular <it>Salmonella </it>testing in various establishments processing meat products, such as broiler chickens. Impact evaluations of PR/HACCP on hospitalizations related to <it>Salmonella </it>are lacking.</p> <p>Methods</p> <p>Hospitalization records of the U.S. elderly in 1991-2004 were obtained from the Centers of Medicare and Medicaid Services. Harmonic regression analyses were performed to evaluate the long-term trends of <it>Salmonella</it>-related hospitalizations in pre- and post-HACCP periods. Seasonal characteristics of the outcome in the nine Census divisions of the contiguous U.S. were also derived and contrasted.</p> <p>Results</p> <p>Predicted rates decreased in most divisions after 1997, except South Atlantic, East South Central, and West South Central. These three divisions also demonstrated higher overall hospitalization rates, pronounced seasonal patterns, and consistent times to peak at about 32<sup>nd </sup>to 34<sup>th </sup>week of the year.</p> <p>Conclusion</p> <p>The impact of HACCP was geographically different. South Atlantic, East South Central, and West South Central divisions should be targeted in further <it>Salmonella </it>preventive programs. Further research is needed to identify the best program type and timing of implementation.</p>http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/9/447 |
| spellingShingle | Russell Robert M Webb Patrick Chui Kenneth KH Naumova Elena N Geographic variations and temporal trends of <it>Salmonella</it>-associated hospitalization in the U.S. elderly, 1991-2004: A time series analysis of the impact of HACCP regulation BMC Public Health |
| title | Geographic variations and temporal trends of <it>Salmonella</it>-associated hospitalization in the U.S. elderly, 1991-2004: A time series analysis of the impact of HACCP regulation |
| title_full | Geographic variations and temporal trends of <it>Salmonella</it>-associated hospitalization in the U.S. elderly, 1991-2004: A time series analysis of the impact of HACCP regulation |
| title_fullStr | Geographic variations and temporal trends of <it>Salmonella</it>-associated hospitalization in the U.S. elderly, 1991-2004: A time series analysis of the impact of HACCP regulation |
| title_full_unstemmed | Geographic variations and temporal trends of <it>Salmonella</it>-associated hospitalization in the U.S. elderly, 1991-2004: A time series analysis of the impact of HACCP regulation |
| title_short | Geographic variations and temporal trends of <it>Salmonella</it>-associated hospitalization in the U.S. elderly, 1991-2004: A time series analysis of the impact of HACCP regulation |
| title_sort | geographic variations and temporal trends of it salmonella it associated hospitalization in the u s elderly 1991 2004 a time series analysis of the impact of haccp regulation |
| url | http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2458/9/447 |
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