The impact of schizophrenia and intelligence on the relationship between age and brain volume
Age has been shown to have an impact on both grey (GM) and white matter (WM) volume, with a steeper slope of age-related decline in schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. In schizophrenia, the relation between age and brain volume is further complicated by factors such as lower intelligence, an...
| Main Authors: | , , , , , , , |
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| Format: | Article |
| Language: | English |
| Published: |
Elsevier
2019-03-01
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| Series: | Schizophrenia Research: Cognition |
| Online Access: | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215001318300167 |
| _version_ | 1818192634065190912 |
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| author | Maria H. Jensen Nikolaj Bak Egill Rostrup Mette Ø. Nielsen Christos Pantelis Birte Y. Glenthøj Bjørn H. Ebdrup Birgitte Fagerlund |
| author_facet | Maria H. Jensen Nikolaj Bak Egill Rostrup Mette Ø. Nielsen Christos Pantelis Birte Y. Glenthøj Bjørn H. Ebdrup Birgitte Fagerlund |
| author_sort | Maria H. Jensen |
| collection | DOAJ |
| description | Age has been shown to have an impact on both grey (GM) and white matter (WM) volume, with a steeper slope of age-related decline in schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. In schizophrenia, the relation between age and brain volume is further complicated by factors such as lower intelligence, antipsychotic medication, and cannabis use, all of which have been shown to have independent effects on brain volume.In a study of first-episode, antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients (N = 54) and healthy controls (N = 56), we examined the effects of age on whole brain measures of GM and WM volume, and whether these relationships were moderated by schizophrenia and intelligence (IQ). Secondarily, we examined lifetime cannabis use as a moderator of the relationship between age and brain volume.Schizophrenia patients had lower GM volumes than healthy controls but did not differ on WM volume. We found an age effect on GM indicating that increasing age was associated with lower GM volumes, which did not differ between groups. IQ did not have a direct effect on GM, but showed a trend-level interaction with age, suggesting a greater impact of age with lower IQ. There were no age effects on WM volume, but a direct effect of IQ, with higher IQ showing an association with larger WM volume. Lifetime cannabis use did not alter these findings significantly.This study points to effects of schizophrenia on GM early in the illness, before antipsychotic treatment is initiated, suggesting that WM changes may occur later in the disease process. Keywords: Schizophrenia, Age, Grey matter volume, White matter volume, Intelligence, Cannabis |
| first_indexed | 2024-12-12T00:33:37Z |
| format | Article |
| id | doaj.art-b828c85a271a481ba3a5233210ab38d5 |
| institution | Directory Open Access Journal |
| issn | 2215-0013 |
| language | English |
| last_indexed | 2024-12-12T00:33:37Z |
| publishDate | 2019-03-01 |
| publisher | Elsevier |
| record_format | Article |
| series | Schizophrenia Research: Cognition |
| spelling | doaj.art-b828c85a271a481ba3a5233210ab38d52022-12-22T00:44:25ZengElsevierSchizophrenia Research: Cognition2215-00132019-03-011516The impact of schizophrenia and intelligence on the relationship between age and brain volumeMaria H. Jensen0Nikolaj Bak1Egill Rostrup2Mette Ø. Nielsen3Christos Pantelis4Birte Y. Glenthøj5Bjørn H. Ebdrup6Birgitte Fagerlund7Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, DenmarkCenter for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, DenmarkCenter for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; Functional Imaging Unit, Department of Diagnostics, Glostrup Hospital, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, DenmarkCenter for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, DenmarkCenter for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, Department of Psychiatry, University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Carlton South, Victoria, Australia; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, DenmarkCenter for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, DenmarkCenter for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; University of Copenhagen, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, DenmarkCenter for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CNSR), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; Department of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Center for Clinical Intervention and Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research (CINS), Mental Health Center Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark; Corresponding author at: Center for Neuropsychiatric Schizophrenia Research, CNSR, Psykiatrisk Center Glostrup, Nordstjernevej 41, 2600 Glostrup, Denmark.Age has been shown to have an impact on both grey (GM) and white matter (WM) volume, with a steeper slope of age-related decline in schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. In schizophrenia, the relation between age and brain volume is further complicated by factors such as lower intelligence, antipsychotic medication, and cannabis use, all of which have been shown to have independent effects on brain volume.In a study of first-episode, antipsychotic-naïve schizophrenia patients (N = 54) and healthy controls (N = 56), we examined the effects of age on whole brain measures of GM and WM volume, and whether these relationships were moderated by schizophrenia and intelligence (IQ). Secondarily, we examined lifetime cannabis use as a moderator of the relationship between age and brain volume.Schizophrenia patients had lower GM volumes than healthy controls but did not differ on WM volume. We found an age effect on GM indicating that increasing age was associated with lower GM volumes, which did not differ between groups. IQ did not have a direct effect on GM, but showed a trend-level interaction with age, suggesting a greater impact of age with lower IQ. There were no age effects on WM volume, but a direct effect of IQ, with higher IQ showing an association with larger WM volume. Lifetime cannabis use did not alter these findings significantly.This study points to effects of schizophrenia on GM early in the illness, before antipsychotic treatment is initiated, suggesting that WM changes may occur later in the disease process. Keywords: Schizophrenia, Age, Grey matter volume, White matter volume, Intelligence, Cannabishttp://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215001318300167 |
| spellingShingle | Maria H. Jensen Nikolaj Bak Egill Rostrup Mette Ø. Nielsen Christos Pantelis Birte Y. Glenthøj Bjørn H. Ebdrup Birgitte Fagerlund The impact of schizophrenia and intelligence on the relationship between age and brain volume Schizophrenia Research: Cognition |
| title | The impact of schizophrenia and intelligence on the relationship between age and brain volume |
| title_full | The impact of schizophrenia and intelligence on the relationship between age and brain volume |
| title_fullStr | The impact of schizophrenia and intelligence on the relationship between age and brain volume |
| title_full_unstemmed | The impact of schizophrenia and intelligence on the relationship between age and brain volume |
| title_short | The impact of schizophrenia and intelligence on the relationship between age and brain volume |
| title_sort | impact of schizophrenia and intelligence on the relationship between age and brain volume |
| url | http://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2215001318300167 |
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